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TUHH Study Compares F-T and Methanol Pathways for SAF Production

(Green Car Congress)  A team at Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH) has compared the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) and methanol pathways for the production of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) derived from renewable energy sources. The results, published in an open-access paper in the

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The Digest’s 2024 Multi-Slide Guide to Pathways to eFuels: CO2 Capture and Conversion to Liquid Products

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) CO2, the final frontier. We have, famously, too much of it, and can do too little with us for too high a cost. Yet, researchers are teasing out exciting new applications, such as a pathway to

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Study Identifies Plans for 45 e-Fuel Facilities in Europe, as Norway Leads the Way

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir Online) A new study by European lobby group Transport and Environment (T&E) has identified commitments to build 45 e-kerosene plants in 10 European nations, with combined potential to produce more synthetic aviation fuel by 2030 than required by the

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EU Is ‘Driving without a Map’ on Biofuels Policy, Auditors Find

by Sean Goulding Carroll (Euractiv.com)  The EU’s complex policy approach to biofuels lacks a long-term outlook and risks undermining the bloc’s transport decarbonisation targets, an analysis by the European Court of Auditors (ECA) has found. The ECA, an independent watchdog, examined the EU’s support

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e-SAF Leader Metafuels Raises $8 Million Seed Round in Bid to Push Sustainable Aviation Fuel into the Mainstream

(Metafuels) Zurich-based climate tech startup will use new funding to implement a pilot facility based on its groundbreaking sustainable kerosene technology in Switzerland Metafuels’ first institutional funding round comes from leading climate VCs Energy Impact Partners (EIP) and Contrarian Ventures Metafuels’ drop-in sustainable aviation fuel will

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Biofuels and e-Fuels in Trucks Will Make It Harder for Aviation and Shipping to Go Green

(Transport & Enviroment) Including biofuels and e-fuels in road transport would reduce available volumes for hard-to-decarbonise sectors. -- The EU climate targets will slash demand for oil and gas. As a result, fuel suppliers are investing in e-fuels and biofuels to replace

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Biodiesel: Aprobio Presents Favro with a Proposal to Increase the Mixture; MDA Declares Support for the Agenda

by Gabriela Brumatti (Broadcast Agro (Google translation))  The Association of Biofuel Producers of Brazil (Aprobio) has presented to the Minister of Agriculture, Carlos Fávaro, a proposal to increase the percentage of mandatory blending of biodiesel with diesel oil, according to

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Paving the Way for Solar Fuels: Synhelion Produces Solar Syngas on an Industrial Scale for the First Time

(Synhelion)  Synhelion has become the first company in the world to succeed in producing syngas on an industrial scale using only solar heat as an energy source. The Swiss solar fuel pioneer successfully demonstrated this on the multifocus solar tower of

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SUN-to-LIQUID Project Publishes Successful Thermochemical Kerosene Production Using Solar Energy, Water and CO2 in an Integrated Solar Experimental Facility in the Scientific Journal Joule

(IMDEA Energy Institute)  Developing solar technologies for producing carbon-neutral aviation fuels has become a global energy challenge, but their readiness level has largely been limited to laboratory-scale studies. Here we report on the experimental demonstration of a fully-integrated thermochemical production

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Uniper, Siemens, Airbus and Sasol form Green Fuels Hamburg to Produce eSAF by 2026

(Uniper Energy/Biobased Diesel Daily)  Under the name “Green Fuels Hamburg,” the energy supplier Uniper, the energy-technology group Siemens Energy, the aircraft manufacturer Airbus and the chemical and energy company Sasol ecoFT announced June 23 that they are investigating the feasibility of

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Fuel Standard Regulations to Start Later, Cut More Emissions from Gas, Diesel

(The Canadian Press/Castanet)  The federal government is delaying new emissions standards on gasoline and diesel another year but is demanding the oil and gas sector make bigger cuts to fuel emissions by 2030 given how much more money the companies are

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Cielo’s Management Changes, Aldersyde Waste-to-Fuel Production Updates

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  From Canada comes news of several changes for Cielo Waste Solutions who you may know as the waste-to-fuel tech company. CEO and COO Gregg Gegunde resigned as did Chris Sabat as Chief Legal Officer

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International Consortium to Advance Decarbonization of Aviation Sector

(Sasol/Biobased Diesel Daily) Sasol and Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin will lead a consortium to develop and optimize next-generation catalysts that will play a key role in decarbonizing the aviation sector through sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). At a ceremony at Sasol’s global headquarters in Johannesburg

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Cemex to Turn CO2 from Cement Factory into Sustainable Aviation Fuel

by Ron Kotrba (Biobased Diesel Daily)  Cemex S.A.B. de C.V. is partnering with integrated chemicals and energy company Sasol ecoFT and renewable energy company Enertrag in a project that will combine CO2 with hydrogen to produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). The consortium

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Soap, Proteins and Highly Complex Molecules from CO2 – These Are the Winners of the "Best CO2 Utilisation 2022" Innovation Award

(nova Institute) Large scale investments in CO2-based ethanol, methanol and aviation fuel are just around the corner – supporting climate protection and independence from fossil fuels. Participants of the "Conference on CO2-based Fuels & Chemicals 2022" elected the three innovation award

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HVO: Public Bodies Launch Biofuel Transport and Home Heating Trials

(The Irish Times) Around two-thirds of households in the north rely on kerosene to heat their homes. Some industry insiders have mooted HVO as a potential green energy replacement.  HVO advocates say the biofuel could replace kerosene and diesel at

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Airlines Rush toward Sustainable Fuel But Supplies Are Limited

by Siddharth Vikram Philip and Ben Elgin (Bloomberg Green) Plant-based fuels are expensive and not entirely clean.  --  Airlines rolled out a slew of sustainable fuel initiatives in the run-up to COP26, aiming to prove they’re serious about the fight

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Congress Creates the Parliamentary Biocoalition to Defend Renewable Energy Production and Sustainable Economy

(Ubrabio (Google Translation)) Deputies and senators that make up eight parliamentary fronts launched, this Wednesday (27.10), the Parliamentary Biocoalition, an articulation of supra-partisan collegiate bodies of the National Congress that deal with sustainable economic development and the production of renewable

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Virent’s BioForm® Fuel Component Used in Test Flight of 100% Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Marathon Petroleum Company/Biobased Diesel Daily) Virent’s BioForm® synthesized aromatic kerosene (SAK) was used in a United Airlines test flight Oct. 13, demonstrating that sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) can be 100 percent renewable, 100 percent fossil free, and 100 percent compatible with

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WUR Produces Kerosene from Bio-Based Side Streams

(Wageningen University & Research) Wageningen University & Research and its partners have developed a new type of aviation fuel that is produced using bio-based waste streams from the agriculture industry. One of the targets of the Renewable Energy Directive II (RED II)

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EU Green Jet Fuel Proposal Shuns Crop-Based Biofuels, Focuses on Next Generation

by Sean Goulding Carroll (EURACTIV.com) Proposed EU legislation aimed at cutting flight emissions by ramping up the use of sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) has excluded the use of first-generation biofuels, arguing they bring “limited environmental benefits”. The proposal, tabled on Wednesday (14

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Set Ambitious EU Targets for Synthetic Jet Fuel While Preserving a Level Playing Field for Airlines, Say T&E, Lufthansa, Global Alliance Powerfuels and Industry

(Transport & Environment) The European Commission should set ambitious targets for e-kerosene, a green synthetic fuel, when it proposes the world’s first sustainable jet fuel law this month, Transport & Environment (T&E), Lufthansa, the Global Alliance Powerfuels, pilots’ representatives, and

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E-Fuels Development for Aviation Gets a Boost with Germany’s New PtL Roadmap

by Susan van Dyk (GreenAir Online)  Germany’s federal and state governments, with backing from industry, have agreed a roadmap that commits to the development of e-fuels – also described as power-to-liquids (PtL) – for the aviation sector. E-fuels can potentially deliver

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The Energy Department Pursues Cleaner and More Efficient Biofuel

by Tom Temin (Federal News Network) One way or another, bio-fuel will be part of the country’s energy future, especially to power ships and airplanes. That’s why the Energy Department’s ARPA-E is spending some $35 million in grant dollars to improve

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Aker Solutions Wins FEED Contract for e-Fuel Plant in Norway

(Aker Solutions) Aker Solutions has signed a contract with Nordic Blue Crude (NBC) for front-end engineering and design (FEED) of a new e-Fuel facility at Herøya in Porsgrunn, Norway. The e-Fuel plant is planned to produce CO2-neutral fuel by using

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Clean Planet Launch Ultra-Clean Jet Fuel: 75% Cut in CO2 Emissions, Made from Non-Recyclable Plastic

(Clean Planet Energy) Today Clean Planet Energy have announced a breakthrough product in our mission to significantly reduce carbon emissions in fossil-fuel led transport. Branded as ‘Clean Planet Air’, the certified Kerosene / Jet Fuel can be used as a

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Future Fuels Change the Balance of Power

by Chris Edwards (Engineering and Technology) Renewables may actually keep carbon fuels going for decades to come, but a new group of energy-rich countries will emerge.  -- ...    The question is what these new vehicles will use instead. For

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KLM Renames Corporate Biofuel Program to Highlight Sustainability Aspect

(KLM/Biobased Diesel Daily) KLM has renamed its Corporate BioFuel Programme the KLM Corporate SAF Programme. SAF stands for sustainable aviation fuel. KLM has opted for this new name to make it clear that the fuel it buys is manufactured sustainably, using

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Siemens Energy to Drive the Development of Green Hydrogen Economy in the Middle East

(Siemens/ElectricEnergyOnline) Siemens Energy and Mubadala join strategic partnership to accelerate green hydrogen capabilities in Abu Dhabi; Siemens Energy to collaborate with Masdar and partners on developing clean hydrogen fuels  Siemens Energy is advancing the development of green hydrogen ecosystems in the

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WEF’s ‘Clean Skies for Tomorrow’ Outlines Pathway to Net-Zero Aviation: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Sustainable Aviation Fuel

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  What is the World Economic Forum doing to help aviation meet net zero goals? First, they recognize that the most immediate action to achieve carbon-neutral flying is the investment in, and rapid scale-up, of sustainable

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Argus Launches First Asian Renewable Diesel and SAF Prices

(Argus/PR Newswire) Global energy and commodity price reporting agency Argus has launched the first renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) prices for Asia. These prices are designed to meet the growing need for greater transparency in renewable fuel markets as

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Brazil Nears Key Downstream Sector Approvals in Drive for Cleaner Fuels

by Gareth Chetwynd (Upstream Online)  Mines & Energy Ministry expected to sign off next week on raft of new regulations to free up sector  -- Brazil’s Mines & Energy Ministry is expected to approve a batch of new regulations next week intended

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Cielo Announces Pre-Sale of Renewable Diesel and Provides Business Update

(Cielo/MarketWatch) Cielo Waste Solutions Corp. ("Cielo" or the "Company") announces it has received pre-payment in full for a 60,000 litres of renewable diesel, which is now being produced at the Company's Aldersyde waste to renewable fuel facility ("Aldersyde Facility"). The renewable

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Cielo Provides Positive Update on its Production Levels, Signs a Research Agreement with the University of Calgary and Will Host a Live Webinar on Thursday, October 22nd

(Cielo/The Newswire) Cielo Waste Solutions Corp. ("Cielo" or the "Company") is pleased to provide an update on its production levels at its facility in Aldersyde, Alberta ("Facility"). While Cielo's initial goal was to start the Facility slowly after the latest improvements,

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Rich in Sun or Wind? Here’s How Your Country Can Export Renewables

by Marc Engelhardt  (Siemens Enegy)  Green e-methanol is the ideal basis for a variety of alternative fuels and chemical compounds concentrated in universal e-Fuel hubs, according to Siemens Energy innovation expert Ireneusz Pyc. The idea, known for some time, has now

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Can the European Union’s Kerosene Demand Be Met by the Amount of Biomass Produced in the EU?

(nova-Institute) Regarding climate change and tackling its mitigation there is no question that the aviation industry has to reduce its greenhouse gas impact and has to shift to alternative fuels. If the European Union wants to achieve its ambitious climate

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Paraguayan Government Grants ‘Free Zone Regime’ for Omega Green Biofuel Plant

(Biofuels International)  The government of Paraguay has recently granted a Free Zone regime for the Omega Green project, which is being touted as the first advanced biofuels plant in the southern hemisphere. The facility, which will be built by ECB Group

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Trade Associations Launch Liquid Biofuel Supply Chain Strategy and Taskforce to Tackle Carbon Emissions

by Nunzia Florio  (Tank Storage Association) Trade Associations OFTEC, the Tank Storage Association (TSA) and the UK and Ireland Fuel Distributors Association (UKIFDA) have kicked off 2020 with the launch of a future vision for liquid fuels ‘Supply Chain Strategy for Liquid Fuels’, which

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Sasol Willing to Consider Using ‘Green Hydrogen’ to Produce Lower-Carbon Fuels

by Terence Craemer (Craemer Media's Engineering News) South African energy and chemicals group Sasol, which is under increasing pressure to lower its carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, has indicated a willingness to participate in demonstration projects aimed at deploying its Fischer-Tropsch assets in combination with

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Neste to Supply KLM Additional Sustainable Aviation Fuel for Fights out of Schiphol

(Neste) KLM has purchased sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) for flights out of Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. The sustainable fuel is produced by Neste from used cooking oil and will reduce CO2 emissions by up to 80 % compared to fossil kerosene. This

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Cielo Gets Revised EPEA Permit for Aldersyde Waste to Renewable Fuels Refinery

by Helena Taveres Kennedy (Biofuels Digest/Cielo Waste Solutions) In Canada, Cielo Waste Solutions Corp. received notice from Alberta Environment and Parks that the requested changes to their permit were approved. The approved changes relate to Cielo’s proprietary design process including the

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Biodiesel Company Signs Deal with CPR for Scrap Ties

(Medicine Hat News)  The company that plans to include Medicine Hat in a network of biodiesel refineries in Alberta has signed a long-term agreement with Canadian Pacific Railway to use at least 2.5 million scrap rail ties as feedstock. Cielo Waste Solutions

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Better Biofuels with Biomass: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Axens and the BioTfueL Project

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  BioTfueL, originally launched by Total, is a project to produce biofuels via thermochemical conversion and includes several partners that work together on this. Axens Solutions recently spoke at ABLC NEXT about the project, how biomass

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The Market for Sustainable Kerosene Needs the Quota

(aireg e.V.)  On the occasion of the international aireg conference on sustainable aviation fuels in Berlin on October 17th and 18th 2019, aireg proposes the introduction of a GHG reduction quota through sustainable aviation fuels. On a global scale, about 70,000

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Converting Algae into Rocket Biofuel

(ABS-CBN News)  A group of Filipino scientists say they found a way to convert algae into biofuel for rockets. In an interview with ANC's Early Edition, Orbital Exploration Technologies founder Dexter Baño also weighs in on the benefits of creating

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Cielo Announces MOU to Build a Renewable Diesel Refinery in Lethbridge, Alberta and Settlement of Debt

(Cielo/Bloomberg)  ("Cielo" or the "Company") announces that it has entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (“MOU”) with Renewable U LethbridgeInc. ("Renewable U LA") to build a renewable diesel refinery in the City of Lethbridge, Alberta. Renewable U LA and Cielo are now working

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European Research Project Claims Breakthrough in Production of Renewable Jet Fuels from Sunlight

(GreenAir Online)  A project funded by the EU and Switzerland claims to have made a breakthrough in producing renewable jet kerosene from sunlight, water and CO2. The SUN-to-LIQUID project follows on from an earlier project, SOLAR-JET, that developed the technology to

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Federation of Petroleum Suppliers ‘Cleans up’ with Future Focus on Biofuels

(Biofuels International)  UK and Ireland liquid fuels distribution trade association the Federation of Petroleum Suppliers (FPS) has unveiled its future vision for cutting carbon through the development of biofuels. With a focus on clean growth and decarbonisation, the new vision was announced

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KOKO Sets up 700 Smart Fuel ATMs across Nairobi

(Business Today)  KOKO Networks has announced the installation of 700 ethanol fuel ATMs across the Nairobi. The company also unveiled its new 2-burner cooker at an event attended by Dr Joseph Njoroge, Principal Secretary in the ministry of Energy. Speaking at the launch,

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Federal University of Goiás Holds an Event on the Impacts of Brazilian Biofuels Policy

by Bruno Roque and Jakeline de Oliveira * (University of Goiás/Advanced Biofuels USA)  The New Brazilian Policy for biofuels called RenovaBio was one of the topics addressed at the 15th Congress of Research, Education and Extension (Conpeex) held on October

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Cielo Announces Achievement of Milestone: First Production of Raw Distillates from Renewable Diesel Refinery

(Cielo Waste Solutions Corp/Digital Journal) ("Cielo" or the "Company") (CSE: CMC) announces that it has achieved a milestone with the first production of raw distillate (renewable fuels) from its first commercial refinery in Aldersyde, Alberta (the " Refinery") that uses its

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Ethanol Fuel to Hit the Market

by Macharia Kamau (Standard Digital)  Oil marketing company Vivo Energy plans to scale up the sale of ethanol fuel for cooking to low-income households. Vivo Energy, which operates Shell-branded petrol stations, hopes to grow revenue in the wake of rising kerosene and

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Waste to Energy: Production of Biofuel from Waste to Commence in South-West

(Nigerian Tribune)  ... YEJIDE GBENGA-OGUNDARE reports that to stop the overdependence on petroleum products, the South-west is set to be the site of a project that is novel to Africa; processing of liquid fuel (biofuel) from waste plastic materials. ... In the last

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UA to Head New Center Focusing on Biofuels and Bioproducts

(University of Arizona News)  The goals of the Sustainable Bioeconomy for Arid Regions Center will be to address the nation's needs for biofuels and bioproducts, strengthen Arizona's bioeconomy, and provide training for the next generation of scientists and engineers. The University of

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Northern Oil Advanced Biofuels Pilot Plant Opening

by Francesca Brindle (Hydrocarbon Engineering)  Southern Oil has announced that Queensland Premier, the Hon. Annastacia Palaszczuk MP, will officially open the Northern Oil advanced biofuels pilot plant in Gladstone on 1 June 2017. The $18 million project brings together all

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New Study Finds Clean Cookstoves May Improve Women’s Heart Health

(Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves)  Shifting from a cookstove that burns traditional woodfuel to a stove that uses a cleaner-burning fuel such as ethanol may mitigate cardiovascular health risks in pregnant women, according to a new study led by a

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Gevo, Lufthansa Rock Markets with Renewable Jet Fuel Deal

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Colorado, Gevo has entered into a heads of agreement with Lufthansa to supply Gevo’s alcohol-to-jet fuel from its first commercial hydrocarbon facility, intended to be built in Luverne, MN. The terms of the agreement

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Giant Step Forward for New Biofuels Industry in Queensland

(Queensland Government)  A $16 million advanced biofuels pilot plant will be built at Southern Oil Refining’s Yarwun plant at Gladstone, a ‘giant’ step towards securing a large-scale biofuels industry in Queensland. Premier Annastacia Palaszczuk said the Northern Oil Advanced Biofuels Pilot

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Queensland Greenlights Advanced Drop-In Biofuels Project for Military, Aviation, Marine

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In Queensland, the state premier Anna Palaszczuk, the Minister for State Development Anthony Lynham, and the Minister for Energy, Biofuels and Water Supply Mark Bailey jointly announced that a AUD $16 million advanced biofuels pilot plant will

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Shell India to Build New Demo Biofuel Plant in Bangalore

(Biofuels International)  Shell India Markets, the Indian arm of Royal Dutch Shell, has announced plans to build a five tonne/day biofuel demonstration plant using IH2 technology on the site of its new technology centre in Bangalore, India. IH2 technology is a

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Branched Ketone Biofuels as Blending Agents for Jet-A1 Aviation Kerosene

by Joseph Donnelly, Richard Horton, Kesavan Gopalan, Chris D. Bannister, and Christopher J. Chuck (Energy & Fuels) In this investigation a range of ketone biofuels produced from the alkylation of isoamyl alcohol and isobutanol were examined as potential blending agents with Jet

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Fuel Emissions - Gas, Ethanol, E85, Kerosene

(McHenry County Farm Bureau)  Larry, Ag in the Classroom Coordinator for McHenry County Farm Bureau shows us differences in fuel emissions, first looking at a 90% gasoline / 10% ethanol, then E85 - 15% gasoline / 85% ethanol, then 2

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IH2* Technology Licensed to Leading Global Forest Products Company

(BusinessWire/IH2) Producing liquid transportation fuels from woody biomass -- A leading global forest products company headquartered in Northern Europe has entered into an FEL-1 license agreement with CRI Catalyst Company (CRI), a global catalyst technology company. IH2 technology is a thermal catalytic

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UK Aviation Group Calls for Government Backing to Kick-Start Production of Sustainable Aviation Fuels

(GreenAir Online) The potential to reduce UK aviation’s annual carbon emissions by up to 1.7 million tonnes by 2030 through the uptake of sustainable aviation fuels can only be realised with government support, says UK industry environmental strategy group Sustainable Aviation

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8 Trends Driving Aviation Biofuels Today

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...  SkyNRG is undertaking its first major feedstock project in South Africa, featuring a nicotine-free energy tobacco crop that’s developed by Sunchem under the name of Solaris. Which is an excellent reminder of how much activity

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UOP’s Ecofining Tech Linked to Massive Renewable Diesel Project in Ohio

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Will the old Buckeye Ethanol site in South Point, Ohio be transformed into an ultra-modern base for renewable diesel and jet fuel blendstocks? That’s the vision for a new project origination team that is talking about

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Airbus, KLM Complete 10 Hours Flight on Biobased Jet Fuel

(Airbus/Biomass Magazine) An Airbus A330-200 of KLM Royal Dutch Airlines (flight KL767) has commenced the longest commercial flight with sustainable jet fuels ever performed by an Airbus aircraft. The aircraft took off with a 20 percent blend of sustainable fuel

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New Kids on the Block: 12 hot bio-based technologies worth watching (Parts 1 and 2)

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...Yet, even in an era where venture capital has been harder to come by (Why? See these 42 article links under the rubric, “The VC Model is Broken” ) — some great technologies have been getting out

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Airbus Supports TAM Airlines, Curcas and Brasil Ecodiesel to Establish Renewable Jet Fuel Processing Plant and Biofuel ‘Value-Chain’ in Brazil

(WebWire)  Airbus together with TAM Airlines and a group of specialist companies are working to establish a bio-kerosene jet-fuel processing plant in Brazil, aiming to gradually substitute fossil fuel in aviation with biofuel. On November 22nd a major milestone was accomplished

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condition charging stations CHCJ-5 chemical-looping hydrogen method Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chp chromium chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel clean fuel production tax credit Clean Fuel Standard/Policy (CFS) Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Trucks Plan Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart/conservation agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date 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pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 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equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm 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(FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel 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of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO 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