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Bears, Cars and Angry Farmers Fuel Green Backlash

by Karl Mathiesen, Nicolas Camut, Zia Weise, Charlie Cooper and Louise Guillot (Politico) A 28-country guide to how climate policies are splitting Europe. -- And Green parties are taking the hit — polling shows they will face deep electoral pain when EU citizens

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Estonia's ECA Representative: Future of Biofuels in the EU Remains Unclear

(News.err.ee) The European Court of Auditors (ECA) says it has identified three main problems in relation to the promotion of biofuels within the European Union, namely a less than stellar level of environmental friendliness, high production costs and a low availability

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Contract for an Innovative Multipurpose Vessel

(Baltic Workboats) Last week Baltic Workboats AS signed a contract for the design and construction of a new multipurpose vessel with the Estonian State Fleet. The vessel will be powered by biomethane and electricity to guarantee ecological sustainability and will be completed

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Novozymes & Fibenol Have Entered a Commercial Partnership to Demonstrate Lignocellulosic Biorefining on an Industrial Scale

(Fibenol) Due to their abundance worldwide, lignocellulosic residues have an enormous potential to substitute petrochemicals with bio-based alternatives. However, efficient cellulose degradation into sugars has long been an obstacle to the wider spread of lignocellulosic biorefineries. Now, the tide seems to

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AS Tallinna Vesi Starts Reconstruction of Digesters Producing Biogas

(Tallinna Vesi/Globe Newswire) AS Tallinna Vesi signed a public contract with RVT Ehitus and Mapri Ehitus for the reconstruction of digesters producing biogas in the Wastewater Treatment Plant at Paljassaare. According to Aleksandr Timofejev, Chairman of the Management Board of AS Tallinna

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Estonian Government Extends Support to the Production of Biomethane for Vehicles

(AltFuels) The State extends subsidies for the production of renewable natural gas used for transportation until June 30, 2024, according an order signed by the Minister of Economic Affairs and Infrastructure Riina Sikkut (SDE). The time for subsidies was set to expire

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South Korean Shipbuilders Bet Big on Green Fuels

by Seo Jin-woo and Han Yubin (Pulse) South Korea’s big three shipyards are accelerating their efforts to build green ships using eco-friendly fuels amid the migration to carbon neutrality worldwide. According to the shipbuilding industry on Tuesday, the profitability of eco-friendly

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Estonia to Extend Subsidization Period for Biomethane Production

(The Baltic Times) ... The subsidy for biomethane supplied for the transport sector is 100 euros minus the average monthly price of natural gas per megawatt-hour for the ongoing month. Support is not paid if the price of gas is higher

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Estonia: Buses in Tallinn Are Fueled by Bio-CNG to Achieve a More Sustainable Transport

(Bright/AltFuels) City buses in Estonia’s capital city are running on bio-CNG fueled by Bright’s biogas upgrading technology and commissioned by energy company Bioforce OU. The biomethane production facility in Aravete has been operational since March this year, while a new production

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Hot Spots: The 50 Hottest Project Development & Deployment Spots in the Advanced Bioeconomy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Here are the 50 Hottest Project Development & Deployment Spots in the Advanced Bioeconomy for 2022, as selected by the Digest’s editors. READ MORE

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Global Bioenergies: Successful Completion of REWOFUEL Project

(Global Bioenergies) Global Bioenergies announces the end of the REWOFUEL project, which ran from 1 June 2018 to 30 June 2022. This project brought together several European industries such as Repsol, Sekab and Fibenol, with the objective of demonstrating the conversion

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Estonian Alliance Unveils Hydrogen Valley, Includes Transport Refueling

(NGV Journal)  ...  In the coming six years, green hydrogen production will be developed in at least six regions in the country. Parallel to that, transport and storage infrastructure is developed, including import and export terminal infrastructure, fueling stations and storage

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Estonian Goverment Wants Public Fleets to Add Only Green Vehicles

(Estonian Ministry of Environment/NGV Journal)  ... According to Minister of the Environment Erki Savisaar, the regulation should have a positive effect on the market for clean and energy-efficient vehicles, increase the contribution of the transport sector to the Estonian climate and

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HydrogenOne Capital Growth plc £20 Million Investment in Leading Global Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Stack Specialist Elcogen

(HydrogenOne Capital Growth)  HydrogenOne Capital Growth plc (“HydrogenOne” or the “Company”), is pleased to announce that it has signed definitive agreements for an investment of £20m (EUR 24m) in Elcogen Plc (“Elcogen”). Elcogen’s shareholders include Biofuel OÜ, and VNTM Powerfund II,

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Wood Fractionation Scale-up in Estonia: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Fibenol

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) A full bioenergy value chain can be a beautiful thing. Check out this ABLC slide guide from Fibenol’s Chief Development Officer on how residual wood can be turned into valuable things like cellulosic sugars,

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Head of Oil Association: Excise Cut Better Way of Lowering Fuel Prices

(ERR News) It would be sensible to lower excise duties in order to mitigate high fuel prices in Estonia instead of removing the biocomponent in fuels, as Latvia and Finland to some extent, have done, said Mart Raamat, head of

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50 Hottest Projects in the Advanced Bioeconomy 2022

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) On Day 2 of ABLC in Washington, DC, The Digest announced the 50 Hottest Projects in the Advanced Bioeconomy 2022. This year, the focus was on advanced bioeconomy manufacturing sites, completed or in development, at pilot,

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Nova Pangaea, Aemetis, World Energy, Gevo, USA BioEnergy, Sherdar Australia Bio Refinery, DG Fuels, and Sweetwater Commercialization

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) Nova Pangaea Technologies, the UK cleantech company at the heart of the drive to Net Zero, started the Front-End Engineering Design (FEED) study for its first commercial plant in the UK. Aemetis, Gevo, USA BioEnergy,

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Sweetwater Receives Final Acceptance of Commercial Sunburst Unit at Sweetwoods Project in Estonia

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) ... Estonia – a NATO country that borders Russia. U.S. based Sweetwater Energy received final acceptance of its first commercial Sunburst unit at the Sweetwoods Project in Estonia, proving that Sunburst has met all criteria—including

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Estonian Energy Firm Starts Delivery of BioLNG, Also Uses It in Its Own Fleet

(Alexela/NGV Journal)  Alexela has become the first energy company in Estonia and in the Baltics to supply the domestic market with 100% carbon-neutral bio-LNG, the fuel that is the most sustainable in road transport today and that helps reduce greenhouse gases

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EU Meets 2020 Target for Renewable Energy in Transport

(Bioenergy Insight)  The EU has met the 10% target level for 2020 for the share of renewable energy in transport, according to Eurostat. The target includes liquid biofuels, biomethane and green electricity used in transport, and was included in Directive

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Firsts for Biomethane – 1st of Its Kind Network for Biomethane Industry, Scotland’s 1st Biomethane Refuelling Station Opens

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) ... First, the biomethane industry sets a 1st of its kind European Network to facilitate the tracking and exchange of renewable gas certificates and boost biomethane trading across Europe. ... In today’s Digest, what the REGATRACE EU

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Finnish Port Turns Sewage from Cargo Ships into Biogas for Transport

(Gasum/NGV Journal)  The Baltic Sea Action Group (BSAG) is bringing together cooperation parties for the new Ship/t Waste Action project that produces biogas from sewage discharged by cargo ships at ports. The cooperation promotes the circular model of turning sewage

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Trends of Bioenergy in the Member Countries of IEA Bioenergy

(IEA Bioenergy/Electric Energy Online) IEA Bioenergy has just released its updated Country Reports, showing the trends of bioenergy in the IEA Bioenergy member countries up to 2019, looking at the role of bioenergy in total energy supply (TES), in electricity use,

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Gevo and Sweetwater Energy Sign MoU to Supply Lignocellulosic Feedstocks to Produce Cellulosic Alcohols and Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Gevo)   Gevo, Inc. (NASDAQ: GEVO) is pleased to announce it has signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Sweetwater Energy, Inc., regarding the use of sustainably sourced agricultural residues and woody biomass as a feedstock for producing cellulosic alcohols and

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Industry Insight: Biomass Trading

(Bioenergy Insight) Andrius Smaliukas, CEO of Baltpool, talks to Bioenergy Insight about biomass trading, SBP certification, and sustainability. --  Baltpool International Biomass Exchange (Baltpool) is an online trading platform, where buyers and sellers meet to trade in biomass and timber

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Neste MY Renewable Diesel Attains TOP TIER Certification

by Michael Bates (NGT News) Neste Corp. says its Neste MY Renewable Diesel has become the first renewable diesel brand to receive TOP TIER Diesel Fuel certification for its high quality and performance. The standard was introduced in 2017 and has been

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Transport Energy & Renewables in the EU – What the Latest Commission Data Tells Us

by James Cogan (Ethanol Europe/Biofuels Digest) ... Oil maintains an overwhelming grip on the sector with a steady 94% share. The rest is biofuels with 5.6% and renewable electricity with 0.6%. Three quarters of the extra energy demand over the

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Neste MY Renewable Diesel Available at More than 100 Sales Points in the Netherlands

(Neste) Neste, the world’s largest producer of renewable diesel and the 3rd most sustainable company in the world*, celebrates reaching the milestone of 100 Neste MY Renewable Diesel™ sales points in the Netherlands. Neste MY Renewable Diesel, produced from 100% renewable

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Neste MY Renewable Diesel Available at More than 200 Sales Points in Sweden by Year-End

(Neste) Neste, the world’s largest producer of renewable diesel and the 3rd most sustainable company in the world*, deepens its partnership with one of Sweden’s largest fuel companies, OKQ8. Neste MY Renewable Diesel™, produced from renewable and sustainable raw materials, will become

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Neste Brings Neste MY Renewable Diesel to 51 New Stations in Finland – the Aim Is to Expand Its Availability to the Whole of Finland

(Neste) Neste brings Neste MY Renewable Diesel™ to a significant number of new stations during April and May 2020 in Finland. With the expansion, Neste MY Renewable Diesel will be available at around 120 stations in growth centers as well as smaller

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Webtool Created by Researchers Helps Predict Climate Change in Agriculture

(Estonian Research Council/Phys.Org) A webtool giving an overview of climate change in Europe and predicting subsequent developments was created as a joint collaboration between French, Spanish, German and Estonian researchers. Climate change is one of the main challenges facing the entire world,

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Competitive Edge: MetGen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... (W)e are driven to find renewable alternatives to oil-based products and chemicals. We believe that everything that is made from oil today, can be made of wood tomorrow. To fulfill our purpose, we had to

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Committee Endorses More Flexible Biofuel Component Bill

(ERR/Estonian Public Broadcasting/BNS) The economic affairs committee of the parliament has decided to send to second reading a bill seeking to make the obligation of adding a bio-component to petrol and diesel fuel more flexible, and to increase the transparency

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Estonia: 100% of Tartu’s Urban Bus Fleet Runs on Renewable Natural Gas

(City of Tartu/NGV Journal) As of 1 January 2020, all 64 of the buses traveling on Tartu’s urban lines are powered by renewable natural gas. Tartu is one of the few medium-sized cities in Europe where the city’s entire public

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Required Biofuel Content in Fuels to Rise to 6.4% in Estonia from 2020

(The Baltic Course)  From the beginning of 2020, fuel retailers in Estonia are required to have in the fuel sold by them a bio-component equaling at least 10% of the total energy quantity of gasoline and diesel, and no less

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The Digest’s Biofuels Mandates Around the World 2020

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) 64 countries have targets or mandates - but how much where, and when, and what?  Besides the EU, the major blending mandates that will drive global demand are those set in the US, China and Brazil

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Advanced Biofuels – Where Are the Gallons?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) From what is an advanced biofuel to why, we take a look at the gallons, the ethanol blend wall, the residue capacity, and over 30 advanced biofuels projects from around the world to watch. In today’s Digest,

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In Europe, the Blend Is the Trend

by Emmanuel Desplechin (ePURE/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Study shows that E10 can be successful in Europe in the near-term, while E20 can be Europe's fuel in the future.  --  Europeans continue to push their national governments and the European Union to

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Neste MY Renewable Diesel Is Now Available in All Baltic Countries, Including Estonia

(Neste) Neste will introduce Neste MY Renewable Diesel™, produced from 100% renewable raw materials, in Estonia during October 2019. During the initial phase, private car owners and heavy-duty vehicle drivers can refuel with renewable diesel at one station in Tallinn, at Kadaka tee

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Neste Wants to Start Selling Pure Biodiesel in Estonia This Summer

(ERR)  Neste wants to start selling its My Renewable biodiesel on the Estonian market this summer, which is allegedly produced from 100 percent renewable sources, but in order to do so, requirements drawn up by Estonia's Ministry of the Environment

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Increased 95-Grade Fuel Prices Result from EU Bio-Additive Regulations

(Eesti Rahvusringhääling) From Monday, 1 April, petrol stations in Estonia are obliged to provide petrol with 10% bio-ethanol in their 95 range of products, with 7% bio-additives for diesel 95. The move comes after EU regulations meant that petrol and diesel

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The Digest’s Top 10 Celluosic Project Flashpoints, 10 Quick Takes

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) It’s all very rosy on the cellulosic potential frontier. As Gevo and Renmatix recently observed, “cellulosic sugars are one of the most abundant feedstocks in the world, and in many geographies with dense vegetation, using woody

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Biomass Breakdown: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Sweetwater Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Sweetwater Energy has developed a unique and patented technology for producing low-cost sugars and clean lignin fiber from multiple non-food plant materials to help meet the modern world’s increasing demand for biochemicals, bioplastics and biofuels. Jack Baron,

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Marine Biofuels Begin to Make Headway in Ocean Shipping

(Benzinga)  Biofuels created by recycling used cooking oils are being tested by ocean-going ships in pilot trials around the world. Such biofuels may even be gaining acceptance by ocean-shippers, freight forwarders and ship operators. The latest news is from international container ocean carrier

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Danish Firm Claims First Biofuel Commercial Sea Voyage

by Tom Burridge (BBC News)  As things stand, the vast majority of ocean-going vessels that transport goods across the globe run on what is known as "heavy fuel oil".  It is thick, black and cheap.  Dirk Kronemeiier describes it as the "dirtiest fuel

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EU’s Biofuel Transport Consumption on the Increase

(Biofuels International)  Biofuel consumption for transport in the European Union increased by 9.2% between 2016 and 2017, according to new data in EurObserv’ER’s 2018 Biofuels Barometer. Between 2014 and 2016 biofuel usage remained relatively stable in the EU, something EurObserver’ER puts down

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Circle K Says Sales of 98 Gasoline Grow Drastically with Transitioning to Biofuel

(The Baltic Course)  vo Popp, product manager for motor fuels at fuel retailer Circle K, said that the transition to biofuels that took place in May increased the consumption of 98 gasoline in Estonia by 75 %, reports LETA/BNS.  --  "Estonia in

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Taming the Tasmanian Devil of Polymers: Lignin, the Orneriest, Roughest, Toughest, Most Un-cooperative and Abundant Natural Polymer Ever

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... Lignin has developed into a sustainable and very satisfactory alternative to fossil fuels. But applications have been needed. Firstly, applications that work, then applications that pay, then applications at scale. Let’s see how that work has

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SEKAB Receives Major EU Funding to Demonstrate the Production of Isobutene-Derived Gasoline and Jetfuel from Wood

(SEKAB)  European financing package amounting to €13.9 million, of which €4.2 million for SEKAB E-Technology AB. Industry consortium led by Global Bioenergies and bringing together SEKAB E-Technology, Graanul Invest, Neste Engineering Solutions, Repsol, PEAB, SkyNRG, Ajinomoto Eurolysine, IPSB, TechnipFMC and Linz

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Estonian Forest Magic: Sweetwater, Graanul to Build First Commercial Biorefinery for cellulosic sugars, lignin

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... Sweetwater Energy and Europe’s largest wood pellet producer, the Tallinn, Estonia-based AS Graanul Invest, said that they will build a commercial-scale integrated biorefinery that will produce clean cellulosic sugars and highly pure lignin from 50,000

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Clean Electricity Generation: Partnership Makes Biofuel Accessible to Everyone -- Biocoal Alternative Fuel for Power Production and Heating

(Clean Electricity Generation/PR Newswire)  At several locations around the world, a partnership of international companies will start construction of facilities, where biocoal will be produced on a commercial scale. This biocoal can be used as sustainable fuel in power plants and

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Biomethane Arrives at Estonian CNG Refueling Stations

(NGV Journal/Eesti Gaas)  AS Eesti Gaas and Rohegaas OÜ made an agreement, according to which Eesti Gaas will buy approximately 11 million m³ of biomethane from Rohegaas OÜ in 2018 and 2019. The sales of biomethane will be possible because in

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Estonia’s Eesti Gas to Start Selling Biomethane Next Year

(Bioenergy Insight)  Estonian natural gas distributor Eesti Gaas has signed a contract with renewable fuels provider Rohegaas to buy around 11 million m3 of biomethane from the company over the next two years to sell at its compressed natural gas (CNG) stations. ... Rohegass

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VTT to Develop Enzymes Found in Wildfire-Prone Areas

( VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Micro-organisms found in the wildfire-prone dry tropical forests of India are an exciting prospect for biochemical production, as they are accustomed to the challenging conditions following a forest fire. The enzymes they

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Estonia Last EU State to Begin Transitioning to Biofuel

(Estonia Public Broadcasting)  The Minister of Economic Affairs and Infrastructure submitted a bill amending the Liquid Fuel Act which would require liquid fuel suppliers to add fuels produced from renewable sources, known as biofuels, to their gasoline and diesel fuel.

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Estonia Turns to Biomethane to Fuel Public Transport

(Bioenergy Insight)  The government of Estonia has passed a bill which will secure a large investment into the Baltic country’s biomethane market and infrastructure. In the expansion project’s pilot phase, the Estonian state will support the re-commencement of the production of

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Questions and Answers on the Outcome of the Second Call for Proposals under the NER 300 Programme

(Europa.EU)  ... NER 300 is one of the world's largest funding programmes for innovative low-carbon energy demonstration projects. The programme aims to successfully demonstrate environmentally safe carbon capture and storage (CCS) and innovative renewable energy (RES) technologies on a commercial scale

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kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization defossilize Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine internal combustion engine/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol fuel cells methanol price Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation 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oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum 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straw/paddy straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum 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