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Design of the Renewable Fuel Standard Implicated in Leading to the Ethanol Blend Wall

(Agricultural and Applied Economics Association/CISION) The nested design of the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) is limiting incentives for blenders to sell higher blends of ethanol (E85) and has instead resulted in

September 20, 2022 Read Full Article

Aux Biomass, Citoyens! France’s Bid for Net Zero and the Biotechnology Imperative

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) … Toulouse remains a busy center for biotechnology, in the south, and the rise of sustainable aviation fuels is not hurt one little bit from

September 14, 2022 Read Full Article

Call for More State Promotion of Ethanol

(Bangkok Post) The Tapioca Ethanol Association is urging energy policymakers to promote more use of cassava-based ethanol in order to help motorists cope with high fuel bills, which have been

July 13, 2022 Read Full Article

Industry Debunks Ethanol Myths

by Tom Doran (AgriNews) Renewable fuel boosters did some “myth busting” and discussed ethanol’s role in gasoline prices during a June 17 National Corn Growers Association podcast. “Over the years we

July 8, 2022 Read Full Article

Why is E85 Almost $2 Cheaper Than Other Blends of Gasoline?

by Tyne Morgan (AgWeb) … E85 is priced significantly less than other blends of fuel across the country, even $2 below at some locations. “We’re talking about a 30% to 40%

June 20, 2022 Read Full Article

Renewable Fuels Offer Simultaneous Economic, Environmental and National Security Benefits

by Reid Detchon and Bart Ruth (United Nations Foundation and Solutions from the Land, respectively) Why are drivers in Watertown, S.D., paying 60 cents a gallon less to fill up their gas tanks

June 15, 2022 Read Full Article

USDA Publishes Report on E15 Challenges, Opportunities

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) A report published by the USDA’s Office of Chief Economist in May assesses the future market opportunities and challenges for E15 and higher blends of

June 7, 2022 Read Full Article

Anti-Ethanol Activist Amazingly Ignorant on Ethanol, RFS

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association)  On May 20, the Washington Times published a guest column by Jerry Jung, founder of the group “ReThink Ethanol,” in which he demonstrates a complete misunderstanding

May 31, 2022 Read Full Article

Consider Switch to Ethanol Blend

by Sarah McNaughton (Young Dakota Living/Farm Progress) With its lower price and other benefits, ethanol could be a smart choice at the pump this summer. — …  Many may think that

May 28, 2022 Read Full Article

Ethanol Myths Busted: Ethanol Isn’t Economical because It Lowers Mileage

(Nebraska Ethanol Board)  If ethanol lowers your gas mileage, how can it still be economical? Reid Wagner, director of the Nebraska Ethanol Board, breaks it down. With a little science,

May 10, 2022 Read Full Article

Letter: Ethanol May Not Adversely Harm World’s Grain Supply

by Goeff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/St. Louis Post-Dispatch) Irepresent the Renewable Fuels Association. Regarding “Is expansion of ethanol in fuel wise or even ethical?” (April 20): Expanding the use of

May 2, 2022 Read Full Article

RFA Issues ‘Pump Up the Savings’ Challenge

(Renewable Fuels Standard)  To show the value of ethanol to drivers around the country, the Renewable Fuels Association has kicked off a new “Pump Up the Savings” sweepstakes encouraging consumers to

April 6, 2022 Read Full Article

From Ethanol Producers with Love

by Iris Gonzales (The Philippine Star) Everyone is now talking about rising oil prices, renewable energy, and the need to have our own sources of fuel. I almost forgot about ethanol. Thanks

March 22, 2022 Read Full Article

World Events Underscore the Need to Expand Renewable Fuel Production

(Solutions from the Land)  … The news of increased fuel costs comes as the Biden administration is considering a relaxation of federal requirements calling on blenders to mix specific amounts of

March 10, 2022 Read Full Article

Grassley and Ernst Call on Biden to Unleash Iowa Biofuel Immediately as Gas Prices Hit Record High, U.S. Bans Russian Oil

(Office of Senator Chuck Grassley (R-IA))  Iowa senators introduce bipartisan legislation to open up the use of clean, American-made renewable fuels that are available right now to replace banned Russian

March 9, 2022 Read Full Article

Ethanol: Saving Drivers Money at the Pump

by Scott Richman (Renewable Fuels Association)  Gasoline prices are high—up 50% in 2021 and rising further this year, with California prices reaching record levels—but what’s worse is that they might go even higher, given

February 18, 2022 Read Full Article

South Dakota Senator Expresses Disappointment over Biofuel Blending Obligations

(RFD TV)  Speculation is growing about what’s going on behind the scenes at the EPA as they continue to extend their own deadline for biofuel blending mandates. “I think part

November 23, 2021 Read Full Article

Wells Fargo Crashes and Burns with New RINs Analysis

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association) Earlier this week, equity analysts at Wells Fargo released a note to investors on the subject of the Renewable Fuel Standard and its compliance credit

June 18, 2021 Read Full Article

Renew Kansas Biofuels Association on E15 Reg.

(KTIC Radio/Renew Kansas) Renew Kansas Biofuels Association submitted written comments to Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE) regarding the agency’s notice of public hearing on its proposal to revoke an

September 10, 2020 Read Full Article

The Benefits of Ethanol

(Nebraska Ethanol Board) In an effort to spread ethanol’s clean air message, the Nebraska Ethanol Board put together this video aimed at students across the state. To help illustrate what is

June 29, 2020 Read Full Article

Plan to Make E20 Fundamental Petrol

by Yuthana Praiwan  (Bangkok Post) The Energy Ministry plans to promote gasohol E20 as the fundamental petrol in the third quarter in a bid to become the first country in Asia

January 28, 2020 Read Full Article

Digest Data Dashboard: A 2020 Snapshot Guide to Bioeconomy Fuel, Carbon, Equity Prices, Demand, Margins

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Exclusively created for Digest Readers, here is a Digest 2020 Visual Guide to the Bioeconomy based on the latest data out there. From biodiesel and

January 10, 2020 Read Full Article

New Biofuel Blend Will Pump up Cost for Irish drivers, Says Circle K

(The Sunday Times) Filling station chain Circle K has claimed that the Irish government’s plan to require fuel suppliers to blend petrol with up to 10% biofuel made from crops

December 28, 2019 Read Full Article

The Thump at the Pump: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Gasoline vs. Ethanol

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The debate of who rules – ethanol or gasoline – has been going on seemingly forever. Why does this debate drive everyone nuts? Which has the

December 9, 2019 Read Full Article

Reducing Toxic Aromatics: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to High Octane Low Carbon Ethanol

Ethanol is better for your health and “What a difference a year makes.” That’s what Douglas Durante, Executive Director of Clean Fuels Development Coalition told the audience recently at the

December 2, 2019 Read Full Article

Trump’s Push for Ethanol Not Reaching Pumps

(Finance & Commerce/Bloomberg) Donald Trump’s effort to boost corn demand by allowing year-round sales of ethanol-blended gasoline has run into a logistical problem. Few stations offer it. In corn country, gasoline

October 31, 2019 Read Full Article

Retailers Navigate Changing Fuels Landscape

by Mark Radosevich (Convenience Store Decisions)  C-store retailers must navigate the arrival of 95 RON fuel formulation, the push to add E15, underground storage tank liability and more.  —  Ethanol continues to

July 1, 2019 Read Full Article

What Trump’s New Ethanol Rules Mean for You

by Brittany De Lea (Fox Business)  President Trump is in Iowa on Tuesday, just weeks after he lifted restrictions on ethanol – which could be a boon to both farmers and some drivers. At

June 12, 2019 Read Full Article

USGC Demonstrates Ethanol’s Cost Savings in Indonesia

(U.S. Grains Council/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Ethanol could generate significant cost savings while boosting octane in fuel supplies in Indonesia. That’s the message the U.S. Grains Council and its partners are conveying

May 28, 2019 Read Full Article

Increased 95-Grade Fuel Prices Result from EU Bio-Additive Regulations

(Eesti Rahvusringhääling) From Monday, 1 April, petrol stations in Estonia are obliged to provide petrol with 10% bio-ethanol in their 95 range of products, with 7% bio-additives for diesel 95.

April 2, 2019 Read Full Article

Higher Ethanol Blend Can Keep Fuel Prices Low – Imee Marcos

by Christia Marie Ramos (Inquirer.net)  Increasing the ethanol blend in gasoline products can keep fuel prices in the country low, Ilocos Norte Gov. Imee Marcos said on Tuesday. She made this suggestion amid

December 11, 2018 Read Full Article

President Opens up E15 Sales: Trump Directs EPA to Allow Year-Round E15 and a More Transparent RINs Market

by Chris Clayton and Todd Neeley (DTN The Progressive Farmer)  Leading into President Donald Trump’s trip to Council Bluffs, Iowa, on Tuesday, a senior White House official said Tuesday that the

October 9, 2018 Read Full Article

Ethanol Helps Fourth of July Travelers Declare Independence from High Gas Prices

by Rachel Gantz (Renewable Fuels Association)   A record number of travelers will take to America’s highways and byways this Fourth of July holiday, and ethanol will be lowering the price

July 3, 2018 Read Full Article

E10 Petrol Pushes Motorists to Buy Premium Fuel, Costs More than Regular Unleaded in the Long Run

(News.com.au)  Ethanol-blended petrol was billed as a win for our hip pockets and the environment, but analysts say it’s a very different story  —  … While other states have so far resisted

June 28, 2018 Read Full Article

Gov’t Considering Increasing Ethanol Blend In Petrol

(The Gleaner)  Science, Energy and Technology Minister Dr Andrew Wheatley has indicated that the Government is contemplating an increase in the percentage of ethanol used in petrol, in order to reduce

May 22, 2018 Read Full Article

Your Turn: South Dakota Ethanol Policy Genius

by Orrie Swayze (Argus Leader)  Sen. Kent Frerichs looked to further capitalize on the genius of our incredibly successful ethanol policy taxing imported petroleum one cent/gallon at the pipeline to fund incentives

April 2, 2018 Read Full Article

China’s Independent Oil Refiners Gear up for Ethanol Push in Cars

by Meng Meng, Josephine Mason (Reuters) China’s top independent oil refiner is buying ethanol and two others are seeking government approval to blend the biofuel into their gasoline ahead of the country’s

March 20, 2018 Read Full Article

QUOTE OF THE WEEK

In his article suggesting scrapping Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards in favor of a Clean Air Act life cycle analysis-based methodology for CO2 transportation emission reduction, Bob Kozak advised, “(I)f

February 16, 2018 0 comment Read Full Article

Let’s Regulate CO2 Emissions, and Forget the 55.4 MPG 2025 Corporate Annual Fuel Economy Standard: The Inexpensive Way to Quickly Reduce Green House Gases

by Robert Kozak* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  The 2025 Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standard of 54.5 miles/gallon has become a significant issue since the election of Donald Trump as president of

February 15, 2018 0 comment Read Full Article

Consumers Win with Ethanol

(Hoosier Ag Today/Renewable Fuels Association)  Consumers have been saving money thanks to ethanol for years, but never as much as today. Nearly every consumer that chooses ethanol at the pump is

November 10, 2017 Read Full Article

Ethanol-Based Fuel Becomes Top-Selling Petrol in France

by Sybille de La Hamaide  (Reuters)  Gasoline containing up to 10 percent of ethanol has become the top-selling petrol in France, its largest market in the European Union, helped by a tax

November 7, 2017 Read Full Article

US Ethanol Is Modern-Day Farm Policy; Future Profitable: Green Plains CEO

(Platts)  The US ethanol industry represents a modern-day farm policy as the primary means of creating demand for ever-growing corn supplies, and the industry maintains a profitable outlook, Green Plains CEO

October 26, 2017 Read Full Article

QUOTE OF THE WEEK

Biofuels Digest’s Jim Lane analyzes the cost and emissions profile for electric vehicles compared to “gasoline-powered” ones.  The findings? On price, the lowest-cost option is a Cruze running on E85

October 3, 2017 Read Full Article

Data Surprise: Biofuels Still Beating Electrics on Cost, Emissions

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Electrics are improving on emissions and cost, but not enough to make driving an electric car the smart choice for consumers looking to save time and

October 3, 2017 Read Full Article

Holiday Petrol Price War Sees E10 Drop 6 ¢ in Southeast Queensland

by Lexie Cartwright (News.com.au/Courier Mail)  A petrol price war is brewing for the school holidays as an independent retailer drops the cost of its E10 by 6¢ a litre from today.

September 19, 2017 Read Full Article

Are High Ethanol Blends Going to Be Essential, and Mandatory, for Super High Fuel-Efficient Engines?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  … Now, war is surely about to break out over E25-E30 blending, now that RFA CEO Bob Dinneen testified in DC in his courtly but adamant manner

September 14, 2017 Read Full Article

More Is Less

by Doug Durante (Ethanol Producer Magazine/Urban Air Institute) … We need more ethanol in gasoline, and in so doing, we will get less drain on our wallets, less toxic aromatics, less

August 30, 2017 Read Full Article

Fill ‘er up! Bundy Has Cheapest Fuel in Queensland

by Jim Alouat (News Mail)  Budaberg is home to the cheapest petrol in Queensland with drivers able to take advantage of breathtaking bowser deals. … Yesterday Liberty North hit a new low,

August 24, 2017 Read Full Article

Gasoline Lobbyists Go to Battle to Slow Ethanol’s Rise

by James Osborne (Houston Chronicle)  … With the oil industry lobbying vigorously in opposition, the future of the bill, introduced by a bipartisan coalition of Midwestern lawmakers, remains in question. But the

June 26, 2017 Read Full Article

Guest column: ​Ethanol Saves You Money

by Dave VanderGriend (ICM Inc./Wichita Business Journal)  I was driving home last week and was surprised to see the price differences on the gas station sign. Regular 87 octane gas was

June 12, 2017 Read Full Article

Livin’ La Vida Octane: The Quest for Torque and Affordable, Sustainable Vroom

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  … In recent days. we’ve been updating some very useful industry charts relating to costs, carbon, and biofuels — and here’s another highly useful chart from

May 23, 2017 Read Full Article

$20 Oil? $200 Oil? Does It Matter? Part 1 of the 3-Part Digest series: Carbon 2017

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) For the world of renewable fuels — the only significant carbon legislation on the books, it really doesn’t matter what the oil price is. The RFS

May 10, 2017 Read Full Article

Hi Octane Fans and Ethanol Haters

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  … One of the greatest and most unexpected bonuses of an eastward journey along Highway 26 is that the vehicle mileage unexpectedly improves. Especially if you

May 5, 2017 Read Full Article

Increasing Number of Americans Are Willing to Drive Farther, Pay More for Ethanol-Free Fuel

by Ben Wolfgang (The Washington Times)  Ethanol’s rise over the past decade has given birth to an under-the-radar market: Americans who are willing to travel miles out of their way

April 26, 2017 Read Full Article

SRA Nixes Independent Oil Players’ Call for More Ethanol Imports

by James Konstantin Galvez (The Manila Times)  Despite rising fuel prices, the state-run Sugar Regulatory Administration (SRA) has dismissed calls by independent oil players to allow increased imports of ethanol

December 12, 2016 Read Full Article

E10 Education Key to Delivering Benefits for Motorists

(Biofuels Association of Australia)  Many motorists are opting for expensive premium fuels unaware that E10 is compatible with their car, the Biofuels Association of Australia said today.  Chief Executive Officer,

November 30, 2016 Read Full Article

Q&A: Alcogroup Says Ethanol Is Key to GHG Targets

(Argus Media)  Belgium-based ethanol producer Alcogroup’s chief executive Charles-Albert Peers spoke to Argus about near-term prospects for the European ethanol market following the introduction of gasoline with a maximum blended

November 18, 2016 Read Full Article

Petrol Retailers Slam New Ethanol Rule

by Sean Nichols (Sydney Morning Herald)  Angry fuel retailers are accusing the NSW government of doing the bidding of a political donor and putting motorists at risk of higher fuel prices over plans

November 7, 2016 Read Full Article

Gas Station Owner Says Don’t Confuse Non-Ethanol Fuel for Price Gouging

by Patrick Thomas (ABC33/40)   …   ABC 33/40 followed up on a complaint from an ABC 33/40 viewer about price gouging in Odenville in St. Clair County. … He learned

September 22, 2016 Read Full Article

Poll: When It Comes to Ethanol, U.S. Drivers Don’t Really Care

by Chris Prentice (Reuters)  U.S. farming and oil lobbies have spent over a decade battling over a government program that requires that renewable fuels are blended with gasoline, but a

July 20, 2016 Read Full Article

LePage’s Executive Order on Ethanol Is Fueled by Myths, and It’s a Win for Foreign Oil

By Rick Santorum (Americans for Energy Security and Innovation/Bangor Daily News)  … Energy security goes hand in hand with national security,

July 19, 2016 Read Full Article

NSW Govt Gets Revved up for E10 | Exclusive

by Joshua Dowling (CarsGuide)  The NSW Government is going to spend $4.5 million in taxpayer funds on an advertising campaign

July 5, 2016 Read Full Article

Consider the Fully Burdened Price of Fuel over Memorial Day Holiday

by Joanne Ivancic (Advanced Biofuels USA)  As we watch transportation fuel prices rise as we celebrate the beginning of Northern

May 28, 2016 0 comment Read Full Article

Outdoor Power Equipment Institute Poll on Higher Ethanol Blend Awareness Insulting to Consumers

(Renewable Fuels Association) Today (March 31, 2016) , the Outdoor Power Equipment Institute (OPEI) released a national poll finding that awareness

April 4, 2016 Read Full Article

Blog: More Details on the High Octane Story

by Holly Jessen (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  I really enjoyed learning about research into midlevel ethanol blends from Timothy Theiss and

February 9, 2016 0 comment Read Full Article

Stations Continue to Sell Ethanol-Blended Gas, Despite State Law Repeal

(KHON2) One month after gas stations were allowed to start selling fuel without ethanol, Hawaii drivers are still stuck with mostly

February 3, 2016 Read Full Article

8 Ways around the Big, Bad Oxygen Problem in the Advanced Bioeconomy Parts 1 and 2

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In the terrestrial world, oxygen is colorless, odorless, and try to get through an hour

October 14, 2015 Read Full Article

Calling Captain E0: Can Renewable Isobutanol Beat out Ethanol-Free Gasoline in the Powerboat Sector?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  E-Zero – ethanol-free gas, has been popular with boaters, but here comes isobutanol, with Gevo leading

September 4, 2015 0 comment Read Full Article

PM Prompts Consumption of Ethanol Gasoline

by Lam Nguyen  (Saigon GP Daily)  Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung has issued an instruction prompting relevant agencies to implement

September 2, 2015 Read Full Article

RFA Asks EPA to Provide Relief to Midwest Consumers in Wake of Refinery Outage

(Renewable Fuels Association)  Renewable Fuels Association President and CEO Bob Dinneen issued the following statement in response to the shutdown

August 17, 2015 Read Full Article

Gevo Announces First Pump Sales of Isobutanol-Blended Gasoline at Express Lube Service Station in Texas

(GEVO)  Sales Focused at Owners of Boats, Outdoor Equipment and Off-Road Vehicles — Gevo, Inc. (NASDAQ:GEVO), has announced that Express Lube

July 31, 2015 Read Full Article

Government Boosts Ethanol Fuels to Create New Industry Jobs

by Tony Moore (The Age)  The Queensland Government wants to boost the proportion of sugarcane-derived ethanol in petrol sales from 1.2

June 4, 2015 Read Full Article

At the Gas Pump, US Biofuel Lobby Scores a Point against Big Oil

by Chris Prentice (Reuters)  … Over the past few months, privately held retailers Kum & Go and Sheetz have become the

May 12, 2015 Read Full Article

Biofuels vs Hybrids vs Plug-ins vs Gasoline: Who’s the Cost Winner?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Have low gas prices changed the equation for drivers looking to reduce pain at the

February 10, 2015 Read Full Article

Car Care: Is Ethanol Fuel Okay to Use?

by Jack Biddle    (The New Zealand Herald)  Blended fuel is fine in suitable cars.  … Ethanol blended biofuel was introduced

February 8, 2015 Read Full Article

E15 Ethanol Blend Arrives in Sioux City

by Dave Dreeszen (Sioux City Journal)  Motorists in Sioux City now have another choice of ethanol-blended gasoline.  The Murphy USA

December 22, 2014 Read Full Article

Briefing: Cellulosic Ethanol: A Technology Update

by Carole Abourached* (Advanced Biofuels USA) The Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) recently held a briefing on the technologies

December 1, 2014 0 comment Read Full Article

RFA Announces E85 “Post Your Price” Contest

(Rnewable Fuels Association) In an effort to promote E85 (85 percent ethanol, 15 percent gasoline) sales and track E85 prices,

October 23, 2014 Read Full Article

CBO Releases RFS Forecast but Ignores Mid-Level Blends

(Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  This week the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) released a report, “The Renewable Fuel Standard: Issues

June 27, 2014 Read Full Article

ACE: Blend Wall Cost Reporting Wrong

by Joanna Schroeder (Domestic Fuels) Several recent media reports have reported that the “blend wall” cost refiners nearly $1.35 billion last year.

May 13, 2014 Read Full Article

Mandate on Ethanol Fuel Costs Drivers Dearly: Study

(Drive.com.au)  NSW’S E10 unleaded fuel mandate is a ”debacle” and is costing the state’s motorists millions, according to an international

April 29, 2014 Read Full Article

EU’s Struggle for E10

by Robert Vierhout (ePURE/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  For European ethanol producers, E15 is still a distant dream. In the EU, the struggle

March 18, 2014 Read Full Article

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carbon emissions carbon fiber Carbon Intensity (CI) carbon life cycle carbon markets Carbon Monoxide (CO) carbon negative carbon neutrality carbon offsets carbon pipeline carbon price carbon recycling carbon removal carbon sink carbon standard carbon tax carbon tax-and-dividend Carbon tax border adjustments carbon user fee Carbon Utilization and Biogas Education Program carcinogens cardoon Caribbean carinata/brassica carinata cashew cashew apple CAS Registry Cassava cassava price cassava pulp cassava stalk castor bean castor stalk catalysis catalysts catalytic decarboxylation catalytic hydrothermal conversion catalytic hydrothermal conversion-to-jet (CHCJ) catalytic hydrothermal gasification catalytic hydrothermolysis jet CHJ pathway cattle cavitation CBD (cannabidiol) CBG (compressed biogas) cellulase enzymes cellulose Cellulosic/Biomass Hydrogen cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program Certificates of Origin (COs) certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 chemical-looping hydrogen method Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chromium chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel Clean clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel clean fuel production tax credit Clean Fuel Standard/Policy (CFS) Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Trucks Plan Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location co-operative co-processing co-products coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) coastal hay Coast Guard cobalt coco cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold-tolerance cold flow college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading Community activity community college Community involvement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression-ignition engine compression ratios concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology cooking fuel Cook Islands cook stoves cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 copper coppice cordgrass corn-based products corn/maize corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D5 (5%DME) D20 (20%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization defossilize Delaware DeltaWing demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose diatoms diesel diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 Diesel Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/HVO/Paraffinic Diesel diesel with renewables digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct-to-fuel direct air capture directed evolution direct injection Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought-resistant drought tolerant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol E. coli E0 E0 price E2 E3 E4 E5 E5 price E6 E7 E8 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E40 E50 E75 E78 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E95 E97 E98 E100 E100 conversion kit earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED95 education educational business private educational tour Education Series 3030 efficiency Egypt Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electricity price electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electroly electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants El Salvador embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 228 EN 590 EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) end user Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine/Fuel Co-optimization Engine Development engineering engine problems England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment Environmentalists environmental justice environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling enzymes Enzyme solicitation EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) ethane Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G ethanol benefits ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol blend wall ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethylbenzene ethylene ethyl levulinate (EL) ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state externalities extremophiles f F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farmers farming farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices Feedstocks feedstock storage feedstock transportation fermentation ferry fertilizer F Factor fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch/FT Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flavors flax Fleets fleet turnover fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) Flightpath flight tests flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources forestry Forest Service fossil carbon fossil fuel fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) free fatty acids (FFA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium games gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasificatio gasification gasoline gasoline-range hydrocarbons gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gas prices gas tax/highway user fee General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo gliricidia sepium global rebound effect global warming glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grains grain sorghum/milo grain speculators GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green/black economy green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana h Haiti Halophytes harvesting harvest site processing Hawai'i hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ health health benefits health effects heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel heat of combustion heat of vaporization Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras Honge tree nuts Hong Kong horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO20 HVO100 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrids Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrocarbon fuels hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen hydrogen aircraft hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogenolysis hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps hydrogen terminal hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export India Indiana Indian grass indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesi Indonesia industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine internal combustion engine/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica Japan jatobá Jatropha Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 JP-10 Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kansas Kans grass Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid Lake County lamp oil landfill methane Landfills land ownership land prices land rights landscape land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna Lesotho lesquerella leucaena Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louisiana low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lpg lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M3 M15 M100 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandate mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maps marginal land Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Gas Oil (MGO) market forces marketing markets/sales market share Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute Massachusetts mass balance standard Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methan methanation methane/biomethane methane leaks methani methanization methanol Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methanol fuel cells methanol price Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microo microorganisms/microbes microwave Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Native American tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gasoline natural gas prices natural gas vehicles Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand next generation biofuels next generation vehicles Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota Northeast Northern Ireland Northern Territory North Korea Northwest Territories Norway Noth Dakota Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil/gas terminals oil embargo oil exploration oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil ref oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA overview overview/survey course oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peaches peach shell peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot pilot scale pine pineapple pine beetle pine needles pine nut pinion pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass podcasts Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyethylene polyfuel polymer polysaccharides 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RD100 reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) refineries reforestation Reformate regenerative braking regenerative farming Regulated Emissions regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Regulatory Enhancement Growth Support (REGS) Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation Renewable Chemical renewable chemical producer tax incentive renewable chemical production tax credit Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/HVO/Paraffinic Diesel Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel price Renewable Diesel Production renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED/RED II/RED III) Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) renewable volume obligation (RVO) RenovaBio replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program repurpose research and development research facility resiliency resurrection grass retail retrofit return on investment R Factor RFI (Request for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island rhododendron Ricardo rice rice bran rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw/paddy straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass s saccharification SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower SAF pipeline sago pond weed SAIC SAK Salicornia salt-tolerant saltbush salt water Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater Seaweed/Macroalgae seaweed cultivation second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed husks Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil sheep shipping shipping containers Sierra Leone silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver simarouba Singapore Singpore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solar fuel solaris solar thermochemical hydrogen (STCH) solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) Solomon Islands Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota Southeast Asia Southern Africa South K South Korea South Sudan SOx (Sulfur oxides) soybean prices soybeans soy meal Spain spartina specifications Spekboom Spent Bleaching Earth Oil (SBEO) sprawl spruce Sri Lanka Stakeholders standards start-up State Department Statistics steam explosion steam methane reformation steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO or PVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve STrategiv Petroleum Reserve straw students su sub-Saharan Africa sub-sim (substantially similar) subsid succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar sugar-to-biodiesel sugar-to-farnesane sugar-to-jetfuel Sugar Beets/Energy Beets sugarcan sugarcane sugarcane prices sugarcane straw Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar prices sugars sugars-to-fats sugar standards sulfur sunflower sunflower stalks supercritical fluid supercritical hydrolysis supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Suriname Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweetgum sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum swine waste Switchgrass Switzerland syngas syngas/gas fermentation synthesised aromatic kerosene (SAK) synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic kerosene synthetic liquified gas (SLG) synthetic methane/e-methane synthetic natural gas Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall oil tallow tallow tree tamanu/nyamplung Tamarix tank-to-wheel tank cars tankers tanker trucks Tanzania tariffs taro tar sands Tasmania tax benefit tax credit taxes tax incentives tax parity tax policy tea teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer tech transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics Thermal catalytic depolymerization (TCD) thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tibet Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction totai Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains 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Commission Utah utility model value chain vanadium Vancouver Vanuatu Vatican VEETC vegetable oils vehicles miles traveled (VMT) Velocys Venezuela Vermont vetiver Victoria video Vietnam vinasse vinegar vineyard waste Virginia Virgin Islands. virgin oils viruses vlsfo VLSFO (very low sulfur fuel oil) volatile fatty acids (VFA) volunteers Vulcanol w waiver Wales warranty Washington Washington DC waste waste-to-chemicals Waste-to-Energy waste-to-fuel waste alcohol Waste CO2 waste heat waste management waste oil waste paper waste vegetable oil wastewater water water consumption water footprint water hyacinth watermeal watermelon water pollution water quality water treatment wax well-to-wheel West Africa Western Australia West Java West Virginia wet distillers grain What You Can Do wheat wheat bran wheat fiber wheatgrass wheat prices wheat straw whey whisky white grease White House wildlife habitat willow wind energy wine wastage/grape marc winter crops Wisconsin women Wood woody biomass World Bank World Trade Organization (WTO) Wyoming XTL xylan xylene xylose yard waste yeast yellow grease yellowhorn tree yields Yukon Zambia Zanzibar zein zeolites Zimbabwe zinc zoning

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