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Emissions from Low- and Mid-Level Blends of Anhydrous Ethanol in Gasoline 2019-01-0997

(SAE International)  Typically ethanol is present in gasoline as a 10% blend by volume (E10), although E15, E85 (51 to 83%), and E0 are also available at selected stations. Numerous studies

April 8, 2019 Read Full Article

E15 Ethanol Is Coming, Like It or Not. Here’s What You Need to Know

by Jim Koscs (Hagerty)  … In the United States, ninety-eight percent of gasoline sold already contains some amount of ethanol. Cars produced in the past two decades or so generally have no

March 24, 2019 Read Full Article

Presentation/Webinar Recording Posted: Effects of Ethanol Blends on Light-Duty Vehicle Emissions

by Tammy Klein (Future Fuel Strategies)  The presentation and webinar recording from the first 2019 web conference for Future Fuel Outlook members is now posted. The webinar focused on the study, “Effects of

February 28, 2019 Read Full Article

Nebraska Fuel Retailers Add Ethanol Options to Set Themselves Apart

by Steve White (NTV) … “We’ve got options, we’ve got a lot of things our customers don’t have,” said Charlie Bosselman, president of Bosselman Enterprises. … Charlie Bosselman unveils a new

November 9, 2018 Read Full Article

Ethanol Rule Change Likely to Take Months, Even Years

by Charles Dunlap (The Mexico Ledger)  … “The question is whether there will be a restraining order prohibiting the rules to go forward or not,” Murphy (Steve Murphy, POET general manager at

October 29, 2018 Read Full Article

Betting on Ethanol-Blended Gasoline

by Tom Gerlach (The Hill/American Lung Association of Minnesota)  Living on an island on the U.S.-Canada Border is not for everyone. But my family has lived in the Rainy Lake-Rainy River

May 10, 2018 Read Full Article

Isobutanol: Now on the Radar for USA COMMENTS DUE April 30, 2018

by  Jess Hewitt  (Biofuels Digest/Lee Enterprises Consulting)  The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has opened a comment period for the registration of the use of Isobutanol in gasoline.  Why is this important? 

April 30, 2018 Read Full Article

Anti-Ethanol Pundits Show Iowa Uses Less of Its Own Produce

by John Siciliano and Josh Siegel (Washington Examiner)   A study showing that U.S. ethanol leader Iowa doesn’t use a lot of its own corn-based fuel is exciting some in the anti-ethanol crowd

April 20, 2018 Read Full Article

Isobutanol’s Horizons: The Digest’s 2018 Multi-Slide Guide to Gevo

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Gevo has two proprietary technologies that combine to make it possible to retrofit existing ethanol plants to produce isobutanol, a four carbon alcohol which serves as

April 12, 2018 Read Full Article

Gevo Grants Musket Corporation Exclusive Right to Supply Isobutanol Gasoline Blends in Greater Houston Region

(Gevo/Globe Newswire)  Musket to Focus on Growing Customer and Retail Network  —  Gevo, Inc. (NASDAQ:GEVO), announced today that it has strengthened its existing relationship with Musket Corporation, a national fuel distributor under

March 6, 2018 Read Full Article

QUOTE OF THE WEEK

In his article suggesting scrapping Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards in favor of a Clean Air Act life cycle analysis-based methodology for CO2 transportation emission reduction, Bob Kozak advised, “(I)f

February 16, 2018 0 comment Read Full Article

Let’s Regulate CO2 Emissions, and Forget the 55.4 MPG 2025 Corporate Annual Fuel Economy Standard: The Inexpensive Way to Quickly Reduce Green House Gases

by Robert Kozak* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  The 2025 Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standard of 54.5 miles/gallon has become a significant issue since the election of Donald Trump as president of

February 15, 2018 0 comment Read Full Article

Ethanol Reduces Particulate Matter Emissions

(Minnesota Bio-Fuels Association)  We know ethanol emits fewer carbon emissions like particulate matter (PM) than gasoline. In fact, when it comes to particulate matter, a MIT study concluded PM emissions

December 29, 2017 Read Full Article

QUOTE OF THE WEEK

Biofuels Digest’s Jim Lane analyzes the cost and emissions profile for electric vehicles compared to “gasoline-powered” ones.  The findings? On price, the lowest-cost option is a Cruze running on E85

October 3, 2017 Read Full Article

Data Surprise: Biofuels Still Beating Electrics on Cost, Emissions

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Electrics are improving on emissions and cost, but not enough to make driving an electric car the smart choice for consumers looking to save time and

October 3, 2017 Read Full Article

Are High Ethanol Blends Going to Be Essential, and Mandatory, for Super High Fuel-Efficient Engines?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  … Now, war is surely about to break out over E25-E30 blending, now that RFA CEO Bob Dinneen testified in DC in his courtly but adamant manner

September 14, 2017 Read Full Article

Ethanol Mandate Blamed for Stinging Motorists $143m a Year

by Sean Nicholls (Sydney Morning Herald)  The controversial NSW ethanol mandate costs motorists more than $143 million a year by forcing them to purchase more expensive premium petrol, a new analysis suggests.

August 31, 2017 Read Full Article

More Is Less

by Doug Durante (Ethanol Producer Magazine/Urban Air Institute) … We need more ethanol in gasoline, and in so doing, we will get less drain on our wallets, less toxic aromatics, less

August 30, 2017 Read Full Article

What’s Fueling the Growth of E15?

by Debby Garbato (Stagnito Business Information/Convenience Store News)  … As E15 has become more widely distributed, most myths have been dispelled. The higher-margin, higher-octane fuel is now sold by retailers large

August 8, 2017 Read Full Article

Why Ethanol Is in Gas

by Robert White (Yakima Herald)  To the editor — The Renewable Fuel Standard, which requires refiners to blend an increasing amount of ethanol and other biofuels into petroleum, was enacted

July 31, 2017 0 comment Read Full Article

Pruitt Raises Idea of Higher Levels of Ethanol-Free Gasoline

by Chris Clayton (DTN The Progressive Farmer)  … (EPA Administrator Scott ) Pruitt also noted that EPA will be “assessing higher levels of ethanol-free gasoline.” Ethanol-free gasoline translates into higher

July 7, 2017 0 comment Read Full Article

Guest column: ​Ethanol Saves You Money

by Dave VanderGriend (ICM Inc./Wichita Business Journal)  I was driving home last week and was surprised to see the price differences on the gas station sign. Regular 87 octane gas was

June 12, 2017 Read Full Article

Ethanol-Free Gasoline Has Pros and Cons

by  Doug McAllister (Daily Herald)  … We travel to Iowa about one or two times a month. At one gas station, they sell gas with 10 percent ethanol and gas without

June 12, 2017 Read Full Article

IRFA: 3 Eastern Iowa Stations Add E15

(Iowa Renewable Fuels Association/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Renewable fuels are more accessible than ever in Eastern Iowa. Three stations in Davenport and Conesville recently added E15 to their selection of fuels.

June 8, 2017 Read Full Article

RFA Fires Back at Boat Makers over E15 Claims

by Jason Huffman (Politico’s Morning Agriculture)  The Renewable Fuels Association has kicked off an advertising campaign intended to combat lobbying efforts by the National Marine Manufacturers Association against mandated blending

May 9, 2017 Read Full Article

Hi Octane Fans and Ethanol Haters

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  … One of the greatest and most unexpected bonuses of an eastward journey along Highway 26 is that the vehicle mileage unexpectedly improves. Especially if you

May 5, 2017 Read Full Article

Increasing Number of Americans Are Willing to Drive Farther, Pay More for Ethanol-Free Fuel

by Ben Wolfgang (The Washington Times)  Ethanol’s rise over the past decade has given birth to an under-the-radar market: Americans who are willing to travel miles out of their way

April 26, 2017 Read Full Article

Vietnam Revives Biofuel Plan, Sets National Switch in 2018

(VnExpress)  After years failing to promote ethanol blended fuel, the government makes a big move. After more than two years failing to promote a locally-produced biofuel product in major cities,

March 14, 2017 Read Full Article

500,000+ BoatUS Members Asked to Petition New Administration and Congress to Fix Ethanol Policy

(BoatUS)  Boat Owners Association of The United States (BoatUS) is asking its more than half-million members – and any recreational boat owner concerned with having a safe fuel supply –

February 13, 2017 Read Full Article

My Turn: EPA Effort to Increase Amount of Ethanol in Gas Misguided

by Lee Lajoie (Concord Monitor)  Monday’s Monitor included a very interesting article on the cost of upgrading gasoline pumps to accept microchip-enabled credit cards. The article placed the average price

November 6, 2016 Read Full Article

Ethanol Reduces a Variety of Harmful Emissions, New Study Finds

by Rebecca Chillrud  (Energy and Environmental Study Institute)  …  Traditional biofuels like ethanol can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 19-48 percent compared with gasoline, while advanced or cellulosic biofuels can

November 1, 2016 0 comment Read Full Article

Gas Station Owner Says Don’t Confuse Non-Ethanol Fuel for Price Gouging

by Patrick Thomas (ABC33/40)   …   ABC 33/40 followed up on a complaint from an ABC 33/40 viewer about price gouging in Odenville in St. Clair County. … He learned

September 22, 2016 Read Full Article

It’s Time To Rethink The Value Of PhD: Distrusting the “Other” Doctors Advice on Engine Fuels

by Marc J. Rauch  (The Auto Channel)  … Tobacco advertising that promoted doctor-endorsements appeared in all consumer media as well as leading medical publications like “The New England Journal of Medicine” and

September 12, 2016 Read Full Article

Reflections on What Could Have Been

by Ray Defenbaugh (Urban Air Initiative/Big River Resources/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Ah, summertime …, and the livin’ is easy, as the song says. But if not for the U.S. EPA, it could

August 16, 2016 Read Full Article

Recharge Wrap-up: Pikes Peak Tesla Abandoned at Supercharger, Gen. Wesley Clark Champions Ethanol

by John Beltz Snyder (AutoBlog) …  General Wesley Clark argued in support of ethanol at the Democratic National Convention. While some gas stations advertise the fact that their product contains no

August 1, 2016 Read Full Article

NSW Govt Gets Revved up for E10 | Exclusive

by Joshua Dowling (CarsGuide)  The NSW Government is going to spend $4.5 million in taxpayer funds on an advertising campaign to convince motorists to buy more ethanol-blended E10 petrol –

July 5, 2016 Read Full Article

Maine Retiree Fueling Governor’s Questions about Ethanol

by Scott Thistle (Portland Press Herald)  Ralph Stevens, a retired mechanic who says ethanol emissions may have caused the state’s opioid crisis, and a legislator persuade Paul LePage to order

July 1, 2016 Read Full Article

Premium Ethanol-Free Gas No Longer Available in S.C.

by Gene Zaleski (The Times & Democrat)  … SCDA (South Carolina Department of Agriculture) spokeswoman Stephanie Sox says consumers will still be able to purchase ethanol-free gasoline at an octane of 90.

May 10, 2016 Read Full Article

AMA’s Broken Record on E15

by Robert White (Renewable Fuels Association)  The American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) has been front and center on the E15 discussion since 2012 and has done everything in its power to

May 9, 2016 Read Full Article

Almost All U.S. Gasoline Is Blended with 10% Ethanol

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Blends of petroleum-based gasoline with 10% ethanol, commonly referred to as E10, account for more than 95% of the fuel consumed in motor vehicles with gasoline

May 6, 2016 Read Full Article

Blog: Who Killed the Only EPA Certified E85 Conversion Kit?

by Holly Jessen (Ethanol Producer Magazine) …  To write this, I talked to Chris Disher and Max Kinast.  As Disher said, it’s a story full of controversy, intrigue and lies. And, even

March 15, 2016 Read Full Article

Ethanol & Water Do Mix – Same Story, Different Lake

by Robert White (Renewable Fuels Association)  … Since the passage of the RFS in 2005, the efforts of some groups like BoatUS would lead you to believe that memories like mine

March 14, 2016 0 comment Read Full Article

Ethanol in Fuel: Is the Bad Rap Deserved?

by Ed Wodalski (Pumper Magazine)  Ethanol-blended fuels receive criticism for creating wear and tear on small engines  —  Should you use ethanol-blended, oxygenated fuel in your small engine? The short answer

February 27, 2016 Read Full Article

Op-Ed: South Carolina Boats, Presidential Candidates and Ethanol Blended Fuels

(BOAT-US) … E0 (zero-ethanol) gasoline, which is sold at marinas and gas stations, is in effect being pushed out of boat fuel market to make room for the Renewable Fuel Standard-mandated

February 25, 2016 Read Full Article

Stations Continue to Sell Ethanol-Blended Gas, Despite State Law Repeal

(KHON2) One month after gas stations were allowed to start selling fuel without ethanol, Hawaii drivers are still stuck with mostly the same blended gasoline. The new law removes the mandate

February 3, 2016 Read Full Article

Calling Captain E0: Can Renewable Isobutanol Beat out Ethanol-Free Gasoline in the Powerboat Sector?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  E-Zero – ethanol-free gas, has been popular with boaters, but here comes isobutanol, with Gevo leading the pack.  Are the economics a slam-dunk? Here’s the hard data.

September 4, 2015 0 comment Read Full Article

Analyst: Gas Regulation Could lLead to More Shortages

by Evan Webster  (Chronicle Herald) In the wake of a provincewide gas shortage, an analyst is worried Nova Scotia’s “Byzantine” system of gas price regulation and supply management will lead

September 2, 2015 0 comment Read Full Article

Removing Ethanol from Gas Increases Toxic Emissions

by Kim Trinchet (Urban Air Initiative)  Many gas stations are promoting E0, or gasoline with zero percent ethanol. It not only costs more than regular gasoline which contains 10% ethanol,

August 21, 2015 Read Full Article

You Want to Talk About Engine Problems? Take Ethanol out of Gasoline

by Kim Trinchet (Urban Air Initiative)  One of the great misconceptions following ethanol is that it causes compatibility issues in certain engines. But new data shows that the opposite is

August 21, 2015 Read Full Article

RFA Tells AMA to Stop Spreading Misinformation about E15

(Renewable Fuels Association)  The Renewable Fuels Association (RFA) released the following statement in response to a press release issued by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA), in which the group calls

August 21, 2015 Read Full Article

UAI: Removing Ethanol from Gasoline Increases Toxic Emissions

(Urban Air Initiative/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Many gas stations are promoting E0, or gasoline with zero percent ethanol. It not only costs more than regular gasoline that contains 10 percent ethanol,

August 3, 2015 Read Full Article

Urban Air Initiative: Ethanol Reduces Engine Wear

by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com)  The Urban Air Initiative (UAI) has released a study that finds ethanol free gasoline blends actually increase the wear and tear on engines including hoses, seals

June 30, 2015 Read Full Article

NMMA Endorses Use of Gevo’s Isobutanol in Marine Fuel Market

(Gevo/Biomass Magazine)  Gevo Inc. has received a key endorsement for the use of its renewable isobutanol by the marine industry, following support and recommendation for the use of isobutanol by

June 19, 2015 Read Full Article

Biofuels vs Hybrids vs Plug-ins vs Gasoline: Who’s the Cost Winner?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Have low gas prices changed the equation for drivers looking to reduce pain at the pump? Who’s the best on cost?   And, is there surprising

February 10, 2015 Read Full Article

Iowa Saves $23 Million by Using E10 Blends

by Isabel Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Iowa, the Iowa Renewable Fuels Association announced that Iowa motorists saved more than $23 million in January alone using E10 ethanol blends, according to

March 3, 2014 Read Full Article

Ethanol and Air Quality: Influence of Fuel Ethanol Content on Emissions and Fuel Economy of Flexible Fuel Vehicles

by Carolyn P. Hubbard , James E. Anderson , and Timothy J. Wallington  (Environmental Science and Technology)  Engine-out and tailpipe emissions of NOx, CO, nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC), nonmethane organic gases

December 26, 2013 Read Full Article

Ethanol Now Being Mixed into Some Premium Blends of Gasoline

by Matt Kelley (Radio Iowa)  … Due to a national change in how gasolines are being refined, some premium blends will now contain corn-based ethanol. Monte Shaw, executive director of the

October 2, 2013 Read Full Article

Letter, 9/22: Facts on Ethanol

by Todd Brodersen  (Lincoln Journal Star)  In a response to Todd Sneller’s letter, “Ethanol the choice for many reasons,” Steven McManus responded negatively and seemed to substitute fiction for fact to

September 23, 2013 Read Full Article

John Deere Introduces Mower that Runs Efficiently on E0 to E85

by Susanne Retka Schill  (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  John Deere has introduced a flex-fuel model to its ZTrak line of commercial lawn mowers.  The new, industry exclusive, Z925M Flex Fuel is

July 22, 2013 Read Full Article

Maine Legislator Turns up Heat on Ethanol Battle

by Eva Murray (Bangor Daily News)  …Rep. Jeff Timberlake, R-Turner, has been heading up an effort in the Maine Legislature to revisit ethanol and to encourage fuel suppliers to make

April 30, 2013 Read Full Article

Bills Seek to Reduce or Remove Ethanol from Maine Gas

by Scott Thistle (Maine Sun Journal)  A pair of bills introduced Thursday by state Rep. Jeff Timberlake, R-Turner, could have a

January 25, 2013 Read Full Article

SavOn Converts to Ethanol-Free Location

(Convenience Store News)   SavOn Convenience Stores converted its store at the corner of Genesee and Main Streets in Oneida to offer

December 6, 2012 Read Full Article

Future of Green Racing Uncertain

by Robert E. Kozak (Advanced Biofuels USA)  John Dagy’s September 1st SpeedTV.com article  that broke the story of NASCAR merging

September 4, 2012 0 comment Read Full Article

Council Calls for Protection of Ethanol-Free Refining

by Jacqueline Cochran (The Advocate)  Concerns that “pure” gasoline production in Louisiana may come to an end resulted in a

June 30, 2011 Read Full Article

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ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol tolerance Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) Export externalities extremophiles F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farmers farming farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices Feedstocks feedstock storage feedstock transportation fermentation ferry fertilizer F Factor fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch/FT Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) Flightpath flight tests flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources forestry Forest Service fossil carbon fossil fuel fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) free fatty acids (FFA) fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel additives fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon Gambia gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline-range hydrocarbons gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gas prices gas tax/highway user fee General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal Germany Gerogia Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government subsidies grains grain sorghum/milo grain speculators GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green/black economy green chemistry green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing GREET model Grenada gribble groundnut ground nut growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guinea Gulf states Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP h Haiti Halophytes harvesting harvest site processing Hawaii hazardous waste HDCJ health health benefits health effects heat-tolerance heating oil/fuel heat of combustion heat of vaporization hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb HFS-SIP hibiscus High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history ho hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Honge tree nuts Hong Kong hops horse bedding Horse manure horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 Hybrid aircraft hybrids hydrocarbon fuels hydrofaction hydrogen hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogen fuel cells hydrogenolysis hydrogen pumps hydropower hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal liquefaction hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois illuppai ILUC (Indirect Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indiana Indian beech tree Indian grass indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial ethanol industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure 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reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molybdenum Monaco mongongo Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) muck multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed Myanmar n-butanol nahar Namibia nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Lab National Oceanic and 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Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course oxygen oxygenate ozone p Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama panda pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peaches peak oil peanut peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose perennial grains perennial grasses performan Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests petition pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot scale pine pineapple pine nut pinion pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls 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Quebec Queensland quote of the week R33 rabbits race radiata pine Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rainforest RAND rare earth metal RD20 RD30 RD99 RD100 rea reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red red algae redcedar Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation refineries reforestation regenerative braking regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation remediation rice straw Renewable Chemical renewable chemical producer tax incentive renewable chemical production tax credit Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/Paraffinic Diesel Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel price renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED and RED II) Renewable Energy for America Program Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable hydrogen renewable marine diesel renewable methanol Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard renewable propane Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) renewable volume renewable volume obligation (RVO) replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program repurpose research and development research facility resiliency resource depletion retail return on investment R Factor RFI RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island Ricardo rice rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rotation crops royalties RSF2 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda rye Rye grass s saccharification Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago sago pond weed SAIC SAK sales Salicornia salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar sal tree salt water Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Policy Scotland scum sea level rise seashore mallow seawater Seaweed/Macroalgae seaweed cultivation Section 526 Securiti Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale gas shale oil sheep shipping shipping containers shipworm Sierra Leone silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge 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