Carbon Intensity (CI)/Carbon Footprint

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Hydrogen-Powered Aircraft Could Contribute Strongly to Aviation’s 2050 Goals, Finds ICCT Study

by Christopher Surgenor (GreenAir Online) If deployed to their maximum potential, liquid hydrogen-powered aircraft could enable aviation emissions to be capped at 2035 levels, although a 6-12% reduction in CO2e emissions relative to projected 2050 levels is more realistic, finds an

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel -- Accelerating a New Industry to Drive Down Emisions and Drive Up the Economy

(Bioenergy Australia)  A report released today by the Sustainable Aviation Fuels Alliance of Australia and New Zealand (SAFAANZ) titled Bridging the price gap for Sustainable Aviation Fuel, has identified, amongst a number of other recommendations, the creation of a Jet Council

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Three Partners, Two Problems, One Bioenergy Research Article Published

by Valerie Sarisky-Reed (U.S. Department of Energy)  ... The journal Nature Biotechnology recently published a paper featuring cutting-edge work funded by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO). The article details a carbon-negative platform that uses microorganisms to convert carbon captured

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Phillips 66 Provides British Airways with SAF Produced in the UK

(British Airways/Biomass Magazine) British Airways will become the first airline in the world to use sustainable aviation fuel produced on a commercial scale in the U.K. after signing a multi-year agreement with Phillips 66 Limited. Thousands of metric tons of SAF will

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Navigator CO2 and Siouxland Ethanol Execute Long-Term Agreement for the Capture, Transportation, and Storage of Siouxland Ethanol's CO2

(Navigator CO2 Ventures/PR Newswire)  Navigator CO2 Ventures LLC ("Navigator") announced today that it has entered into a long-term agreement with Siouxland Ethanol LLC ("Siouxland") to provide CO2 capture, transportation and storage services on its carbon capture and storage (CCS) system, the Heartland

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Jet Aviation Signs WEF Clean Skies Declaration

by Chad Trautvetter (AIN Online) Jet Aviation has signed the World Economic Forum’s (WEF) 2030 Ambition Statement, “Clean Skies for Tomorrow,” which aims for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) to constitute 10 percent of the global fuel supply by 2030. By

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Delta Air Lines Signs 75 Million Gallon Per Year Agreement with Gevo

(Gevo) Gevo, Inc. (NASDAQ: GEVO) has signed a “take-or-pay” agreement with Delta Air Lines, Inc. (NYSE: DAL) to supply 75 million gallons of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) per year for seven years (the “Agreement”). Based on current assumptions, including those around

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Celebrating Innovations in Farming on National Ag Day

(Diesel Technology Forum)  ... America’s farmers are also meeting the challenge of climate change by both producing and using soy-based renewable biodiesel fuels in their machines and equipment. Last year the US produced about 3 billion gallons of renewable biodiesel

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Two Studies Show Lower Carbon Intensity from Replacement of Aromatics in Gasoline with Ethanol

(Transport Energy Strategies) Two studies conducted by Transport Energy Strategies (TES) and THiggins Energy Consulting show that gasoline blended with ethanol lowers carbon intensity (CI) even more than what is modeled today and what is shown in recent studies. The first

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Comments on “Environmental Outcomes of the US Renewable Fuel Standard”

by F. Taheripour, S. Mueller, H. Kwon, M. Khanna, I. Emery, K. Copenhaver, M. Wang (Argonne National Laboratory)  The Systems Assessment Center and its collaborators provide a detailed technical review of a recently published article “Environmental Outcomes of the US

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Sustainability, Safety and Driver Focus Lead XPO Logistics and British Gypsum to Opt for Volvo

by Martin Tomlinson (Volvo Trucks) XPO Logistics, a leading provider of freight transportation services, has started to take delivery of 76 Volvo FM trucks that will be used exclusively on the company’s contract with building materials supplier British Gypsum. -- The

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Kohler Engines Approves Use of HVO for All Its Diesel Engines in Europe

(Kohler)  It’s full speed ahead for Kohler Engines and its commitment to lessen the environmental impact of its engines. The company recently approved use of EN15940- compliant Hydrotreated Vegetable Oils, or HVOs, for all its diesel engines – either pure

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Will the California Low Carbon Fuel Standard Be a Victim of Its Own Success?

by Roxby Hartley (EcoEngineers)  California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (CA-LCFS) continues to be the largest regional carbon credit market. It’s been successful in driving carbon reduction across the state. CA-LCFS credit prices hovered around $200 per metric ton (MT) of CO2e

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oneworld® Alliance Members Plan to Purchase Up to 200 Million Gallons of Sustainable Aviation Fuel per Year from Gevo

(Gevo) oneworld® Alliance, a network of world-class airlines, and Gevo, Inc. (NASDAQ: GEVO) announced today that certain oneworld members plan to purchase up to 200 million gallons per year of sustainable aviation fuel (“SAF”) from Gevo (the “ oneworld Alliance SAF Purchase Goal”).

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Neste and DHL Express Announce One of the Largest Ever Sustainable Aviation Fuel Deals

(Neste)  DHL Express and Neste have announced a significant step towards decarbonizing aviation logistics by expanding their existing cooperation with a new strategic collaboration. In the next five years, Neste will supply DHL with approximately 320,000 tons (400 million liters) of Neste

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ETHANOL Outlook Sunny; Try Again

by Geogg Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association/Minneapolis Star Tribune) Contrary to the assertions of the March 13 article "Ethanol's emissions clouding its benefits," ethanol's environmental benefits are as clear as the blue sky on a cloudless, sunny day. While the article correctly mentions that

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MEP Proposes Fewer Restrictions on Biofuels to Meet Higher Renewables Target

by Sean Goulding Carroll (EURACTIV.com) The amount of bioenergy in the EU’s transport sector will increase under plans by the lawmaker leading the European Parliament’s position on the EU’s renewable energy law, a scenario likely to rankle green legislators. Markus Pieper, the

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Clean Fuels Alliance America Celebrates a Biodiesel Innovator in Honor of National Biodiesel Day

(Clean Fuels Alliance America)  National Biodiesel Day takes place March 18, in honor of Rudolf Diesel’s birthday. In the 1890s, Rudolf invented the diesel engine, which was designed to run on peanut oil. This year it was especially meaningful as

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Korean Air Takes off with SAF from Paris to Seoul

(Biofuels International) Korean Air will use sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) on its route between Paris and Seoul Incheon.The airline said this would reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80%. This is a first step towards “greener” aviation for Korean

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EU Renewable Ethanol Has Impact on Europe’s Energy Independence, Says ePURE

(Biofuels International) The European Commission’s RePowerEU proposal to boost EU energy security is an important step to reducing dependence on imported crude oil and ensuring stable domestic production of fuel and food, while continuing the drive to carbon-neutrality. As a proven,

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ASCO Ditches Diesel for HVO to Cut Carbon Emissions by Almost 50%

(Biofuels International) ASCO is switching its heavy goods vehicle fleet (HGV) fleet from diesel to HVO (Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil) as part of its ambitious drive to decarbonise its operations and be net-zero by 2040. The global, integrated logistics and materials management

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Seanergy and NYK Line Announce Successful Completion of Biofuel Trials on a Capesize Vessel

(Seanergy/Globe Newswire) Seanergy’s Biofuel Testing Program commenced in August 2021 and to-date Biofuel has been successfully tested on a number of its Capesize Vessels --  Seanergy Maritime Holdings Corp. (NASDAQ: SHIP) announced today that it has successfully completed marine biofuel trials

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Low Cost Green Hydrogen: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Omni Conversion Technologies

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Producing low-cost hydrogenwith negative CO2 footprint from minimally prepared waste or biomass is what Omni Conversion Technologies is all about. Take a look at this illuminating slide guide on how waste is the new frontier

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McCulla Unveils Northern Ireland’s First Circular Economy-Based Fleet

(UK Cold Chain Federation/NGV Journal) McCulla Ireland, one of the UK and Ireland’s leading storage and logistics companies, has launched its circular economy waste-to-energy transport fleet at an event at its Lisburn headquarters. This new sustainable fleet, which has been many

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Saudi Energy Group Alfanar Confirms £1 Billion Investment in Teesside Aviation FuelPlant

by Steve Robson (iNews) The plant could create up to 180 million litres of fuel per year – a single airline can use 150 million litres; Construction of the plant in Billingham will bring 700 jobs and a further 240

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Aemetis Signs Agreement with Qantas to Supply 35 Million Gallons of Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Aemetis) Aemetis, Inc. (NASDAQ: AMTX), a renewable fuels company focused on negative carbon intensity products, announced today that an offtake agreement has been signed with Qantas Group and Qantas Airlines (“Qantas”) for 35 million gallons of blended sustainable aviation fuel (“SAF”) to

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Rossi Biofuel and MOL Group Build a Unique Biodiesel Plant in Europe in Komárom

(MOL Group (Google Translation)) Annual biodiesel capacity of 50,000 tons; State-of-the-art technology unique in Europe; 85 percent greenhouse gas savings over conventional fuels; The investment is in line with MOL Group's SHAPE TOMORROW 2030+ corporate strategy Rossi Biofuel's new plant in

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Signature Aviation Brings SAF to Eagle County Regional Airport in Colorado

(Signature Flight Support/Biobased Diesel Daily) Signature Aviation, the world’s largest private aviation terminal operator, has introduced a permanent supply of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) to the Eagle County Regional Airport near Vail, Colorado. The Signature Renew-branded SAF is responsible for a

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U.S. Ethanol Industry Banks on Carbon Capture to Solve Emissions Problem

by Leah Douglas (Reuters/Investing.com)  U.S. ethanol producers are betting heavily on carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology to lower their greenhouse gas emissions and secure a place for the corn-based fuel in a climate-friendly future, according to industry groups and executives. But the

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel and Renewable Diesel: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to NextChem

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  NextChem and Saola Energy have partnered to provide renewable diesel sized to your feedstock supply. Find out how as well as how their tech obtains high yields in SAF production, how hydrogen solutions can further

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Options for Reducing Transport Carbon Emissions

(Stillwater Associates) On February 28, Stillwater Senior Analyst, Jim Mladenik presented at the Bioeconomy Hawaii Forum 2022. Jim’s presentation, Options for Reducing Transport Fuel Carbon Intensity, illustrates the fuel greenhouse gas lifecycle versus that of tailpipe emissions.  READ MORE  Presentation PDF

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Optimus Technologies and Renewable Energy Group Implement B100 Technology to Help City of Madison Reach Sustainability Goals

(Optimus Technologies) Use of 100% Biodiesel Will Help Fleet Reach Net Zero Target  -- The City of Madison, Wisconsin will soon be seeing emissions reductions after converting 17 of their fleet vehicles to operate on 100% biodiesel, thanks to their partnership

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Ethanol Can Help Reduce Toxic Gasoline Aromatics

by Savannah Bertrand (Environmental and Energy Study Institute) Every gallon of gasoline sold in the United States contains toxic chemicals called aromatic hydrocarbons—mainly mixtures of BTEX chemicals, which stands for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene—that increase octane. Higher octane levels prevent engines from prematurely

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DOE Publishes Report on CCS Supply Chain Risk

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) A report released by the U.S. Department of Energy in February found that the development of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology poses no significant supply chain risk and will support the U.S. government in

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Growth Energy Submits RVO Comments to Debunk Anti-ethanol Study

(Growth Energy/Ethanol Producer Magazine) Yesterday, Growth Energy submitted supplemental comments to the U.S. EPA responding to erroneous comments from others on the environmental, economic, and compliance impacts of EPA’s proposed 2020, 2021, and 2022 renewable volume obligations (RVOs) under the Renewable Fuel Standard

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Repsol Starts Construction of Spain's First Advanced Biofuels Plant at Its Cartagena Refinery

(Repsol) • Repsol's Chairman, Antonio Brufau, visited the facilities of the Cartagena refinery where construction work has begun on Spain's first advanced biofuels plant. During the visit Brufau was accompanied by the Director of the refinery, Antonio Mestre. The visit was

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Energy Vision/Argonne Analysis Shows Growth in US Renewable Natural Gas Industry

(Energy Vision) Expanding RNG Could Be a Key Strategy for Cutting Methane Emissions and Tackling Climate Change -- The sustainable energy NGO Energy Vision today released its latest assessment of the US renewable natural gas (RNG) industry, performed on behalf

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Decarbonisation Today Dramatically Reduces Future Challenges

by Dickon Posnett (Argent Energy/EWABA/EurActiv) Heavy duty vehicles (HDVs) is one of three ‘difficult to decarbonise’ transport sectors and must be addressed with urgency alongside aviation and marine. -- ... But policy makers must not forget, decarbonising HDVs needs support. As

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Under Pressure to Revise Estimates, EPA Mulls Lifecycle Biofuel GHGs

(Inside EPA) As EPA comes under growing pressure to increase its estimates of how much greenhouse gas emissions biofuels save over their lifetime, the agency is holding consultations that could result in changes that may boost programs encouraging biofuels use

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US Foods Further Reduces the Carbon Footprint of Its Fleet

(U.S. Foods/Business Wire) All California broadline distribution centers to use renewable diesel fuel; Company adding 30 electric trucks to the fleet by the end of 2023 -- US Foods Holding Corp. (NYSE: USFD) today announced additional sustainability initiatives that support the

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Ethanol Versus Oil in Global Crisis: Biofuels Backers, POET Executive Point to Advantages Ethanol Offers in Conflict, Climate

by Chris Clayton (DTN Progressive Farmer)  With oil reaching its highest price in nearly 11 years and OPEC nations opting not to increase production, the biofuels industry is clamoring for attention in the U.S. and calling on the Biden administration to

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World’s Largest Biomethane Station Opens in Avonmouth, UK

(CNG Fuels/NGV Journal) CNG Fuels announced the opening of the world’s largest public access biomethane refueling station in Avonmouth, near Bristol. The site will meet the growing demand from major brands to cut emissions from haulage and save money, while also

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The Energy to Sustain the Future

(EXAME) ... Anabela Antunes, Director of Operations at PRIO, believes that the energy transition in Portugal could accelerate if the country increases the contribution of biofuels to mobility. “But the development of the energy mix will depend a lot on market

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Gevo Discusses Plans for Ethanol-to-SAF Production

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine) Patrick Gruber, CEO of Gevo Inc., provided an update of the company’s plans to produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) and other renewable hydrocarbons from ethanol during a fourth quarter earnings call held Feb. 24. Gruber referenced the

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New Initiative Launched to Better Define Carbon Intensity for Hydrogen

(GTI Energy) GTI Energy, S&P Global Commodity Insights and the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) today launched the Open Hydrogen Initiative (OHI), a new collaboration to further transparency into the environmental impact of hydrogen production and help unlock its full

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Midlands Voices: Carbon Capture Storage Will Provide Economic Boost to Rural America

by (Julius Schaaf) Omaha World-Herald) ... Almost every business sector has green initiatives being put forward by industry leaders to tackle the changing environment. Lowering carbon emissions is a noble cause and one that would have a tremendous impact on

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New Study: Corn Ethanol Can Achieve Net-Zero Carbon Emissions Well Before 2050

(Renewable Fuels Association) Following a pledge by members of the Renewable Fuels Association to achieve net-zero carbon emissions, on average, by 2050 or sooner, a new report released today shows that new and emerging technologies and practices could help the industry achieve this

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'Prime Example': Petrol Changes Could Be Made after Motorsport Use of Sustainable Fuels

by Felix Reeves (Express)  Motorsport events could help biofuels and sustainable fuels evolve for further use in general settings, including all petrol cars in the UK. -- Bespoke fuels could be used as a direct replacement for unleaded petrol in almost any

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Renewable Energy Group Announces Strategic Investment in Expanded Low Carbon Feedstock Processing in Europe

(Renewable Energy Group/Business Wire) Renewable Energy Group, Inc. (REG) (NASDAQ: REGI) will install a state-of-the-art pretreatment facility in Germany, enabling the company to refine some of the lowest carbon intensity, hardest to convert waste fats and oils for bio-based diesel production.

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Louisiana Green Fuels Allocated $250 Million of Private Activity Bonds by Louisiana Governor John Bel Edwards

(Acrofan/Business Wire/Green Fuels) The State of Louisiana continues its commitment to the world’s most deeply carbon-negative renewable diesel fuel project --  Strategic Biofuels, the leader in developing negative carbon footprint renewable fuels plants, announced today that Louisiana Governor John Bel Edwards

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Safe Bulkers Inc. Announces Results of Pilot Biofuel Project

(Safe Bulkers) Safe Bulkers Inc. (the “Company”) (NYSE: SB), an international provider of marine dry-bulk transportation services announced that in the framework of several environmental initiatives targeting to reduce its carbon footprint, it is assessing the use of biofuels as

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SAF Is Soarin’: Neste, Shell, World Energy, Itochu, Aemetis, Vertimass Making Advances as Capacity Is Set to Ramp

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...  Big players with access to affordable capital, too — making the limiting barriers more about affordable feedstock and a drive to squeeze every point out of the Carbon Intensity by strategic siting of projects. Netse and

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Shell First to Supply Sustainable Aviation Fuel to Customers in Singapore

(Shell)  Shell announced today that it has become the first supplier of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) to customers in Singapore.  -- Shell has also completed the upgrading of its facility in Singapore which will enable blending of SAF in Singapore. SAF

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Virgin Atlantic Agrees SAF Supply with Neste and ExxonMobil

(Virgin Atlantic) Virgin Atlantic Limited and Neste Oyi are pleased to announce the UK supply of 2.5 million litres/2,000 metric tonnes of neat Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF), which will be delivered in the first half of 2022 to London Heathrow. The

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Climate Friendly Jet Fuel: 3 Strategies for Accelerating Its Production

(U.S. Department of Energy) Supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory is striving to bring more low- and zero-net-carbon sustainable aviation fuel to the market. The equivalent of 30,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools—that’s how

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Neste and ITOCHU Expand Partnership to Grow the Availability of Sustainable Aviation Fuel in Japan

(Neste) Neste and ITOCHU Corporation have expanded their partnership to grow the availability of sustainable aviation fuel (‘SAF’) in Japan. In the expanded partnership, ITOCHU acts as the branded distributor of Neste MY Sustainable Aviation Fuel™ in Japan making Neste MY Sustainable Aviation

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Norwegian Enables Corporate Customers to Reduce Emissions from Business Travel

(Norwegian) Norwegian has entered into a collaboration agreement with Neste, the world’s leading producer of sustainable aviation fuels (SAF). Norwegian’s corporate customers can now reduce their CO2 emissions from business travel by up to 80 per cent through sustainable aviation

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Another 250M Gallons per Year: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to REG

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Here’s a look at how Renewable Energy Group’s biobased diesel compares to petroleum-diesel, their work with GoodFuels in marine shipping and Ruan in trucking, their planned expansions and additional capacity for renewable diesel, where they

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U.S. Gain to Supply Biogas to Produce Hydrogen for California Transport

(US. Gain/NGV Journal) U.S. Gain® announced its renewable natural gas supply will be used as a feedstock into hydrogen production, enabling a greener fueling solution for the California transportation market. Hydrogen producers are quickly learning the importance of feedstock selection in

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USA BioEnergy Selects Bon Wier, Texas in Newton County for $1.7B Advanced Biorefinery

(USA BioEnergy)  USA BioEnergy receives over $150M in State and Local incentives to develop an advanced biorefinery in Newton County, Texas --  USA BioEnergy through its subsidiary, Texas Renewable Fuels (TRF), is pleased to announce the development of an advanced biorefinery

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Setting the Record Straight on the Environmental Outcomes of the Renewable Fuel Standard

by Geoff Cooper (Renewable Fuels Association) A new report published today (February 14, 2022) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of the Sciences, funded in part by the National Wildlife Federation, purports to examine the “environmental outcomes” of the Renewable

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Grand Challenge and Federal Legislation Seek to Advance Sustainable Aviation Fuels -- Part 2 in a Series, "Sustainable Aviation Fuels: A Critical Emissions Mitigation Strategy Gaining Momentum"

by Jeff Overton (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  ... The Biden-Harris Administration and Congress are focusing on expanding the use of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) through multi-agency coordination to reduce climate emissions from aviation.... ... On September 9, 2021, the Biden-Harris Administration

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An Introduction to Sustainable Aviation Fuels -- Part 1 of a Series, "Sustainable Aviation Fuels: A Critical Emissions Mitigation Strategy Gaining Momentum"

by Jeff Overton (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  ... Aviation is a difficult sector to decarbonize. The enormous energy required to fly a heavy aircraft long distances takes an energy dense power source that liquid hydrocarbon fuel provides. Battery technology for

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WasteFuel Agriculture Launches to Turn Agriculture Waste into Green Fuel

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) Waste-to-fuel start up WasteFuel has launched WasteFuel Agriculture which will turn farm waste into low-carbon fuels including renewable natural gas and bio-methanol that can be used in land and marine transport with significantly lower emissions

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Germany: ADAC’s New Ecotest Shows NGVs Are Greener than EVs

(NGVA Europe/ADAC) In its ‘Ecotest 2021’, the German ‘Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobil-Club e.V.’ (ADAC) yet again confirmed CNG vehicles as the most environmental friendly. Out of the 112 vehicles that the automotive club tested, the CNG-powered Seat Leon TG and VW Golf

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Comstock Urges U.S. EPA to Expand Renewable Fuel Incentives for Biointermediates

(Comstock Mining)  Technologies Enable Dramatic Reduction in Carbon Intensity for America’s Decarbonization Portfolio  --  Comstock Mining Inc. (NYSE: LODE) (“Comstock” and the “Company”) today announced its submission of comments to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) calling for enhanced regulations governing

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Biogas Biorefineries: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to USDA’s Biogas, RNG Opportunities

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Dairies, landfills, wastewater treatment plants, food processing plants…wherever there’s biomass, there’s potential for biogas and renewable natural gas. Check out this illuminating slide guide from William Orts at the USDA Western Regional Research Center in

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U.S. Gain Begins Partnership to Bring RNG into Hydrogen Production

by Ariana Fine (NGT News) U.S. Gain’s renewable natural gas (RNG) supply will be used as a feedstock into hydrogen production, enabling a greener fueling solution for the California transportation market. ... Hydrogen producers are quickly learning the importance of feedstock selection

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Aemetis Signs Agreement with Japan Airlines to Supply 90 Million Gallons of Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Aemetis)  Fuel to be delivered to San Francisco International Airport  -- Aemetis, Inc. (NASDAQ: AMTX), a renewable fuels company focused on negative carbon intensity products, announced today that an offtake agreement has been signed with Japan Airlines (“JAL”) for 90 million gallons

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LanzaJet and Marquis Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Partner to Build an Integrated Sustainable Fuels Plant in Illinois

(LanzaJet) This partnership will utilize carbon capture and sequestration, renewable energy, and other innovative practices to bring lower-cost, low carbon-intensity sustainable aviation fuel, renewable diesel, and other sustainable hydrocarbons to the global market and help accelerate the decarbonization of various

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Unifeeder Group Makes Major Decarbonization Move with VARO Energy’s Advanced, Renewable B100 Biofuel

(Unifeeder Group)  Unifeeder has bunkered its first truly sustainable 100% biofuel from VARO Energy ("VARO") in the Port of Rotterdam.  -- This is the first biofuel collaboration between Unifeeder and VARO, which supports both companies’ ambition to significantly reduce the carbon footprint

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ExxonMobil to Invest $125 Million in Renewable Diesel Firm GCEH with 25% Equity-Stake Option

(Global Clean Energy Holdings/Biobased Diesel Daily) Global Clean Energy Holdings Inc. is advancing its renewable diesel production through an agreement with ExxonMobil, which will invest $125 million with an option to acquire up to a 25 percent equity stake in the

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Western Bulk Takes Delivery of First Carbon Offset Combined with Bio Fuel from TFG Marine

(Western Bulk) Western Bulk has taken delivery of its first carbon offset bio-blend bunker fuel (B30) from TFG Marine Pte Ltd (“TFG Marine”), the global marine fuel supply and procurement joint venture between Trafigura Group Pte (“Trafigura”) and shipping firms Frontline

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New Mexico Senate Passes 'Clean Fuel Standard.' Lujan Grisham's Climate Agenda Advances

by Adrian Hedden (Carlsbad Current-Argus) A bill that would see less pollutive fuel for cars and trucks passed the New Mexico Senate Thursday and will now go before the State House of Representatives for consideration. If Senate Bill 14, the Clean Fuel Standard

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ATR Successfully Performs Test Flights with 100% SAF in One Engine

(ATR) Regional aircraft manufacturer ATR today announced that it has successfully performed a series of ground and flight tests on its ATR 72-600 prototype aircraft, cumulating seven flight hours with 100 % Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) in one engine. The

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d’Amico Group-Led Decarbonization Trial Confirms Positive Reduction in Carbon Emissions and Carbon Intensity of Biofuel Blend Derived from Renewable Feedstock

(d’Amico Group) d’Amico Group, ABS, LR FOBAS, MAN Energy Solutions, RINA, the Liberian Registry and Trafigura announce positive results in this lifecycle strategy decarbonization project -- The joint industry project launched in June 2021 to test biofuel blend (B30) derived from

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Microsoft and Shell Are Betting on a Company Making Greener Jet Fuel

by Catherine Clifford (CNBC) • Chicago-based start-up LanzaJet is scaling one potential solution for the airline industry: jet fuel made with low carbon intensity ethanol.  • The aviation sector causes 11% of transportation-related emissions in the United States, and virtually

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ERP Software a Necessity in the UCO Collection Business

by Kristof Reiter (Biobased  Diesel Daily)  ...  ERP software has transformed nearly every industry—it’s even the entire basis of some new industries like rideshare companies—but used cooking oil (UCO) collectors have long been left out of the revolution, forcing them

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Cynersorb: Designed for the Future

by David Gittins and Tony Smith (Biobased Diesel Daily)  ... Biofuel producers are drawn towards lower-quality feedstocks, either due to their more favorable carbon-intensity (CI) values or simply because the higher-quality feedstocks are already captured in long-term supply agreements with

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Petrol and Diesel Cars Need 'Biofuels' Like E10 to Achieve Net Zero before EV Rollout

by Felix Reeves (Express) Esperts are urging the Government to consider using sustainable fuels in petrol and diesel cars in a possible follow-up to E10 petrol.  --  With the Government’s plans to ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars from 2030, electric vehicles are

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Oil Giants Continue Investment in Renewable Diesel, Other Biofuels

(Financial Post/Globe Newswire) Researched by Industrial Info Resources (Sugar Land, Texas)–... Now the clamor for reduction in a fuel’s carbon intensity is pushing oil companies to help with the next energy transition. They’re doing this by partnering with renewable energy producers and

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Omni OZ Fund, LLC Launches Seeking Accredited Investors for GreenMix Fuel Methanol-Ethanol Blend Processing Plant

(OMNI OZ FUND/Yahoo!) OMNI OZ FUND, LLC launches seeking accredited investors for its GreenMix Fuel Methanol-Ethanol Blend Processing Plant. The Fund is raising a Series A Round of $50,000,000. ... The OMNI OZ FUND, LLC was created to raise the necessary capital of $300

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The Race to Reduce GHGs, Dependence on Petroleum, and Provide True Environmental Justice: Where Will the Reductions Come From?

Doug Durante (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/Biofuels Digest) ... With 270 million light duty vehicles registered in the U.S., less than 2% are electric.  Without a doubt they are trending upwards and will begin to penetrate the market in greater numbers. But,

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Suburban Propane Partners, L.P., Oberon Fuels and Empresas Lipigas Announce Collaboration to Evaluate Renewable Dimethyl Ether + Propane Blends in Latin America

(Oberon Fuels) Three leaders in their respective industries announce a collaboration to test a clean, innovative low carbon fuel blend in residential and commercial applications in Latin America. The collaboration includes Suburban Propane Partners, L.P. (NYSE: SPH) – the third largest retail propane distributor

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IRFA Summit Focuses on Policy, Future Market Opportunities

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) ... Monte Shaw, executive director of the Iowa Renewable Fuels Association, provided an overview of political and regulatory issues impacting the biofuels sector, stressing that Iowa’s biofuel industry is “fed up but fired up.” The industry

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MTM to Expand Biofuel Use after Successful Trial

by Marcus Hand (Seatrade Maritime News) Singapore-headquartered MTM Ship Management is to expand its use of biofuels following a successful trial.  -- A trial voyage using biofuels was successfully completed on the Singapore-flagged MR tanker MTM Colorado using biofuel blend (B30

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Liebherr Expands Its Use of Neste MY Renewable Diesel

(Neste) From January 2022 onwards, Liebherr will be expanding its use of Neste MY Renewable Diesel™ to its plant in Kirchdorf where the company develops and manufactures annually approximately 2,500 machines, such as hydraulic excavators, material handling machines and articulated trucks. Neste-produced

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Cepsa and the Iberia Group Seal an Ambitious Strtegic Alliance to Decarbonize Air Transport on a Large Scale

(Crepsa) º The two major Spanish companies are joining forces to develop and produce sustainable aviation biofuels (SAF) on a large scale from waste, recycled used oils, and other sustainable plant-based feedstocks (2nd generation bios) The agreement, which also

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New List: These Commercial Vehicles Are Allowed to Fill up with Biodiesel

(LifePR) A new list shows the trucks, buses, engines, and other commercial vehicles that have been approved by the manufacturers to run on higher blends of biodiesel. They can be fuelled with a proportion of 10 percent (B10), 20 percent

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Biodiesel Progress, Policy, Plans: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Biodiesel

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) You may have seen the breaking news last week that the National Biodiesel Board changed its name and expanded its mission, becoming the Clean Fuels Alliance America, but before the NBB did that, Kurt Kovarik, NBB’s VP

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Bioplastics: Re-shaping the Future of Our Planet

by Pramod Kumbhar (Praj Industries/Biofuels Digest) ... Bioplastics are a sustainable solution to the impending plastic pollution crisis. They are produced from sustainable feedstocks. Bioplastics like polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biodegradable. They can bring a significant reduction in carbon

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United Arab Emirates: TotalEnergies Joins Masdar and Siemens Energy in Initiative to Drive Green Hydrogen Development and Produce Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(TotalEnergies)  TotalEnergies, Masdar and Siemens Energy sign collaboration agreement at Abu Dhabi Sustainability Week 2022 to act as co-developers on green hydrogen project; Project aims to establish demonstrator plant at Masdar City for green hydrogen production to convert carbon dioxide

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Hyzon Motors to Collaborate with Transform Materials on Renewable Hydrogen Production

(Transform Materials) Hyzon Motors Inc. (NASDAQ: HYZN), a leading supplier of hydrogen-powered fuel cell electric vehicles, today announced a non-binding memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Transform Materials, a provider of renewable hydrogen through its innovative proprietary microwave reactor technology. Together, Hyzon

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Measuring Carbon Reductions: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to California LCFS Fuel Pathways

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  The most recent DigestConnect took a special look at carbon markets — measuring reductions, qualifying for markets such as those created by the California Low Carbon Fuel Standard, the CA-GREET Calculator, pathway verification, and

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Brightmark, Chevron Announce Vlot Anaerobic Digestion Project

(Brightmark)  Project to be developed in partnership with Vlot Calf Ranch in Chowchilla, CA -- Brightmark RNG Holdings LLC – a joint venture partnership between Chevron U.S.A. Inc. and Brightmark Fund Holdings LLC, a subsidiary of the global waste solutions provider

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Lawmaker Proposes Raising EU Green Jet Fuel Target to 100% by 2050

by Sean Goulding Carroll (EURACTIV.com) A draft European Parliament report calls for greater ambition in the EU’s proposed green jet fuel law, including a higher percentage of mandatory sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) for planes refuelling in the bloc. The draft, seen by

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Shell’s Massive Carbon Capture Plant Is Emitting More Than It’s Capturing

by Anya Zoledziowski (Vice World News)  A new Global Witness report found that it has the same carbon footprint per year as 1.2 million gas-powered cars.  -- A first-of-its-kind “green” Shell facility in Alberta is emitting more greenhouse gases than it’s

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FTI, Juhl Energy, GE Renewable Energy Install Wind Turbine at WPE Ethanol Plant

(EnTech Solutions) First in a Series of Projects to Reach Carbon Neutrality  -- Faith Technologies Incorporated (FTI), Juhl Energy, GE Renewable Energy and Western Plains Energy (WPE) have partnered to install a wind turbine to power the WPE ethanol plant in Oakley, Kansas, with on-site, clean, renewable

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RFA Says Carbon-Nevative Ethanol Achievable within Decades

by Kellan Heavican (Brownfield Ag News) The head of the Renewable Fuels Association says they’re continuing to work towards carbon neutrality by 2050.   Geoff Cooper says one plan to help create zero-carbon ethanol would be to “connect ethanol facilities together via

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Biofuels Market Dynamics 2022 and Beyond: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to IHS Markit’s Outlook

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Last week,we were surrounded by a Ministry of All the Talents, as you might say, experts from the holy of holies, IHS Markit, yes, Dan Yergin’s fabled firm. Want to find out what was covered

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Report Shows Impact of COVID-19 on Canadian Ethanol Industry

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine) A report recently filed with the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service’s Global Agricultural Information Network illustrates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Canada’s ethanol industry and provides an overview of the country’s draft Clean Fuel

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The European Waste-based & Advanced Biofuels Supply Chain

(European Waste-based & Advanced Biofuels Association/EurActiv) EWABA represents the interests of the European waste-based and advanced biodiesel supply chain. Our 35+ members are producers of biodiesel from used cooking oil, animal fats and other advanced waste feedstocks, waste collectors and technology providers. The

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Nationally Recognized Fleet Leaders Named ‘Biodiesel Ambassadors’

(National Biodiesel Board/Biobased Diesel Daily)  ... Six decades later, a lot has changed for John Benish Jr., the second-generation executive of the family-owned and operated school bus company based in Oak Brook, Illinois. For one thing, today’s kids have clean-emission

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Indaba Renewable Fuels to Produce 6,500 Barrels per Day SAF in 2 Locations Using Haldor Topsoe Tech

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) News just in that Indaba Renewable Fuels will build two greenfield refineries in California and Missouri to produce Sustainable Aviation Fuel utilizing Topsoe’s HydroFlex technology. The facilities are expected to begin production of SAF in 2024

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ACE, Industry Groups Encourge CARB to Recognize Climate-Smart Farming Practices in Low Carbon Fuel Standard

(American Coalition for Ethanol) In a cosigned letter, the American Coalition for Ethanol (ACE), along with the Great Plains Institute, Low Carbon Fuels Coalition, the National Biodiesel Board, and Canadian Oilseed Processors Association, recommended the California Air Resources Board (CARB) recognize the

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McDonald’s UAE Marks 20 Million Kilometres Fuelled by Biodiesel

(Biofuels International)  McDonald's UAE has revealed its latest milestone in its biodiesel programme which gets used cooking oil (UCO) from their restaurants converted to 100% biodiesel to fuel their supply trucks. To date, McDonald’s UAE’s supply trucks have travelled 20

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Global Update: Increased Mobility Improves Ethanol Trade as Policies Drive Long-Term Demand

(GrainNet) ... U.S. ethanol exports for the first quarter of the 2021/2022 marketing year (MY) were 5% higher than the previous year, totaling 330 million gallons. Increased mobility and reduced COVID-19 restrictions have spurred a near global recovery in ethanol trade. Gains were

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Ethanol Producers to Electric Car Makers: We're Greener than You Are

by Chuck Abbott (Successful Farming) With automakers shifting toward the production of electric cars and trucks, the ethanol industry said on Wednesday that biofuels will be an important tool against global warming, and arguably create less pollution than battery-powered vehicles. The

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ACI Jet Opens Sustainable Aviation Fuel Tap at KSNA

by Curt Epstein (AIN Online) California-based FBO operator ACI Jet is now stocking continual supplies of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) at its John Wayne-Orange County Airport location. The FBO had received its first demonstration load of the fuel at the facility in

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How to Reduce Your CI Fuel Score with Renewable Energy

by Charlie Fredrickson (EnTech Solutions/Biofuels Digest)  Facilities that produce low-carbon fuels to sell credits within the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) program face ever-increasing benchmarks to reduce their carbon intensity (CI) scores to maximize revenue. In the production of these

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Wolf Carbon Solutions, ADM Announce Partnership to Advance Decarbonization of Ethanol Production

(ADM) Wolf Carbon Solutions US LLC (Wolf Carbon Solutions) and ADM (NYSE: ADM), a global leader in nutrition and agricultural origination and processing, today announced that they have signed a Letter of Intent paving the pathway toward further decarbonization of ADM’s

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ExxonMobil Expands Interest in Biofuels, Acquires Stake in Biojet AS

(ExxonMobil)  ExxonMobil is expanding its interests in biofuels that can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the transportation sector, acquiring a 49.9% stake in Biojet AS, a Norwegian biofuels company that plans to convert forestry and wood-based construction waste into lower-emissions

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KLM further Expands Approach for Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(KLM)  From today, KLM will add sustainable aviation fuel to all flights departing from Amsterdam; From January 13, customers can choose to purchase an additional amount of sustainable fuel when booking; KLM has already signed agreements with various partners and

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RNG for Heavy-Duty Vehicles: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Clean Energy Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  A leading U.S. renewable natural gas player, Clean Energy has growing RNG volumes and partnerships with global energy leaders like Chevron, bp and TotalEnergies. How is their RNG made? What’s the heavy-duty truck comparison? How

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QUOTE OF THE WEEK -- Neville Fernandes

"With this climate crisis we're in, we need to reduce the carbon intensity of diesel as much as possible, as quickly as possible, by replacing petroleum with biofuels including biodiesel, renewable diesel and blends of these two low-carbon, clean-burning renewable

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How Bio-Waste Could Fuel Your Next Flight

by Pramod Chaudhari, Amol Nisal, Sandip Bhadkamkar and Sonum Gayatri Malhotra (Praj Industries Ltd/Clean Skies India/World Economic Forum) - The aviation industry has committed to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050 and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) will play a major role

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Biofuel Powered Grain Shipment to Depart WA

by Shannon Beattie (Farm Weekly) In an Australian-first, a grain vessel due to set sail from the CBH Group Albany Grain Terminal on Sunday will be powered by biofuel. CBH has partnered with leading dry bulk operator Oldendorff Carriers to ship 30,000

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CARB Highlights Potential Changes to California LCFS Program Public Comment DEADLINE: January 7, 2022

(Advanced Clean Tech News) On December 7, 2021, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) hosted a virtual public workshop titled, “Potential Future Changes to the LCFS Program.” More than 450 attendees listened in as CARB’s team kicked off the call by

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Turkish Airlines to Debut Flights Using Sustainable Aviation Fuel

by Tuba Sahin (Anadolu Agency)  National flag carrier to form new structure for AnadoluJet's low-cost business model, says company CEO -- With the motto "Our route is the future," national flag carrier Turkish Airlines is set to begin flights using a

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ExxonMobil and Neste to Supply Sustainable Aviation Fuel in France

(ExxonMobil)Aviation fuel supplier ExxonMobil and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) producer Neste announce plans for commercial-scale distribution of Neste MY Sustainable Aviation Fuel™ at the largest airports in France. This important step is taken in preparation of the 1% SAF mandate

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Charting a Course toward Cleaner Shipping

by Christina Nunez  (Industry Today) Research suggests that swapping heavy fuel with fuel made from wood waste, waste fats, oils and greases could cut planet-warming emissions. ... Using batteries instead of heavy fuel oil to propel gigantic cargo ships, which annually

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Megatrends in Sustainability Under the Microscope: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Nexant

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Find out what Steven Slome from Nexant thinks is hot in biofuels, biochemicals and sustainability in this illuminating slide guide from ABLC 2021. From a shift in green priorities, to areas of key growth in

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UGI and Vertimass Enter Agreement to Produce Renewable Fuels in the U.S. and Europe

(UGI Corporation) UGI Corporation (NYSE: UGI) announced today that it has entered into a 15-year agreement with California-based technology developer, Vertimass, to utilize their catalytic technology to produce renewable fuels from renewable-ethanol in the U.S. and Europe. The agreement centers on the development of production facilities using Vertimass’

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3 Hot Technologies: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to The Wolfpack on New Tech

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Pyran also known as the 5-carbon company, net-zero SAF via wet-waste volatile fatty acids, and on-board electricity via renewable fuels – what does The Wolfpack think about these 3 hot technologies? Where do they think

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A Rebuttal to DeCicco: Use Locally Produced Renewable Energy

(Owatonna People's Press/Renewable Fuels Association)  The author claims that the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) was enacted in the wake of 9/11. That is not true. The RFS was enacted after the petroleum industry was unsuccessful in getting Congress to protect the

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Brightmark Receives ISCC PLUS Certification

(Brightmark) Certification ensures compliance with high ecological and social sustainability requirements, greenhouse gas emissions savings, and traceability throughout the supply chain   -- Brightmark, LLC the global waste solutions provider, today announced that its Ashley, Indiana Plastics Renewal Facility has been ISCC

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Challenges in Determining the Renewable Content of the Final Fuels after Co-processing Biogenic Feedstocks in the Fluid Catalytic Cracker (FCC) of a Commercial Oil Refinery

by Jianping Su, Liang Cao, Gary Lee, Jonathan Tyler, Anna Ringsred, Michael Rensing, Susan van Dyk,  Don O'Connor Robert Pinchu, Jack (John)Saddler (Fuel)  • FCC co-processing has been commercialised using oleochemical feedstocks. • A new method based on step change mass balance

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Viewpoint: RD, Fuel Demand Weigh on California LCFS

by Elliott Blackburn (Argus Media) New low-carbon fuel supplies will add pressure in 2022 on California Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) credits already trading near three-year lows. California this year recorded some of the nation's largest drops in transportation fuel demand compared

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Two Birds with One Stone: A Combined Environmental and Economic Performance Assessment of Rapeseed-Based Biodiesel Production

by Xueqing Yang,Yang Liu, Alberto Bezama, Daniela Thrän (GCB-Bioenergy)  Rapeseed is the dominant feedstock for biodiesel production in Germany; however, significant decline in crop yields observed during the 2018 drought in Europe poses economic and environmental risks for its sustained

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Microgrid-Powered Facility in Wisconsin Produces Renewable Natural Gas for California

by David Appleyard (Microgrid Knowledge) Powering an anaerobic digester project with a renewable microgrid has transformed the economics of biogas at a newly commissioned plant in Wisconsin. The facility is turning organic waste from more than 4,000 dairy cows into renewable

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USDA Secretary Vilsack Meets with GE Aviation on Sustainable Aviation Fuel to Reduce CO2

by Jay Stowe (GE Aviation/Biobased Diesel Daily) After leading USDA Secretary Tom Vilsack on a tour of the engine development assembly facility at GE Aviation’s headquarters in Evendale, Ohio, in early December, chief engineer Chris Lorence posed a rhetorical question to

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NY to Require Biodiesel Blending with Heating Oil in 2022

by Laura Sanicola (Long Island Press/Reuters)  New York will become the largest state to enact a biodiesel blending requirement for heating oil, according to legislation passed in the state on Wednesday night. Petroleum-based heating oil sold in the state beginning in July

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Neste’s Aim of 100% Renewable Electricity Use to Be Achieved ahead of Schedule in Finland ⎯ New Hydropower Agreement with Vattenfall

(Neste) Neste has signed its first renewable hydropower purchase agreement with Vattenfall, one of Europe’s largest producers and retailers of electricity and heat. Vattenfall will deliver the hydropower from its Nordic hydropower plants and the deliveries will start at the beginning

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Aemetis Signs Agreement to Purchase 125-Acre Former U.S. Army Facility to Produce Sustainable Aviation Fuel and Renewable Diesel

(Aemetis) Aemetis contracts with the city of Riverbank, California for lease/purchase of an industrial site with 710,000 square feet of production buildings, four miles of railroad, and power substation  -- Aemetis, Inc.(NASDAQ: AMTX), a leading producer of dairy Renewable Natural Gas

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Deere Pairs with Start-up to Swap Diesel for Ethanol in Its Engines

by Herb Trix (WVIK/Radio Iowa) Iowa’s largest manufacturing employer is partnering with a Chicago-area company to reduce harmful emissions from its equipment by replacing diesel fuel with ethanol. Quad Cities-based John Deere is working with ClearFlame Engine Technologies of Geneva, Illinois, where

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Finnish Carrier Chooses Renewable Gas Trucks for Deliveries in Helsinki

(Gasum/NGV Journal) Logistics company DACHSER Finland has acquired 10 biomethane trucks for its short-distance deliveries in the Helsinki Region. Choosing a fleet powered by environmentally-friendly and fully renewable biogas is part of the company’s climate protection strategy to reduce carbon footprint

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Fulcrum BioEnergy Completes $375 Million Offering of Indiana Finance Authority Environmental Improvement Revenue Bonds

(Fulcrum Bioenergy)  Represents a significant milestone for Fulcrum’s second zero-carbon transportation fuels project --   Fulcrum BioEnergy, Inc., a pioneer in the production of low-carbon transportation fuels, announced today the completion of an interim financing to fund Fulcrum’s second waste-to-fuels project,

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Malaysia Airlines Flies the First Flight in Malaysia Using Sustainable Aviation Fuel – PETRONAS and Neste Collaborate with the Airline to Mark a Major Milestone in Malaysia’s Aviation Industry

(Neste) Malaysia Airlines, the national carrier of Malaysia, today operated its inaugural flight using sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) in partnership with PETRONAS Dagangan Berhad (PDB) and Neste. The flight marks Malaysia Airlines’ commitment to make SAF the cleaner and more viable

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Ambitious 'Biofuel America' Plan Faces Overhaul in 2022

by Chuck Abbott (Successful Farming) During the ethanol boom of the early 2000s, Congress set an ambitious target of quadrupling the amount of renewable fuel mixed into gasoline for America’s cars and pickup trucks. But while corn ethanol has lived up

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Aemetis Signs 10-Year Supply Agreement for 450 Million Gallons of Renewable Diesel with Industry-Leading Travel Stop Company

(Aemetis)  Aemetis will supply 450 million gallons of renewable diesel from the Riverbank Carbon Zero Sustainable Aviation Fuel and Diesel facility -- Aemetis, Inc.(NASDAQ: AMTX), a renewable fuels company focused on negative carbon intensity products, has signed a 10-year, 450-million-gallon renewable

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RFA Analyses of 2022 Automobile Models: More E15 Approvals, but Fewer FFVs

(Renewable Fuels Association) Environmentally conscious and budget-savvy consumers who are in the market for a new car, SUV, or pickup will find both good news and bad news as they peruse auto dealer lots and showrooms this holiday season. The good news?

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Ethanol Producers, Advocates Aim for Net-Zero Ethanol by 2050

by Susanne Retka Schill (Great Plains Institute) As US and world leaders engage on climate change and carbon reduction efforts, leaders in the American ethanol industry have announced pledges and efforts to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The country’s largest

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KATI to Cut Its Carbon Footprint by Half at Keliber’s Drilling Site

(Cision/Keliber)  Oy Kati Ab, a long-term drilling contractor of Keliber’s, has started to use biofuel in the drill rig at Keliber’s exploration site in Central Ostrobothnia. The measure will reduce the emissions caused by drilling by more than 50%. “Taking the environment into

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Qantas Purchases Sustainable Aviation Fuel for Kangaroo Route

(Qantas)  Qantas will purchase blended sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) from next month, helping to reduce its carbon emissions by around 10 per cent for its flights from London.  It is the first time an Australian airline will purchase SAF on an ongoing

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The Value of Wastewater for Biofuels: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Aquatech

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Different feedstock and process generates different wastewater quality and volume, so how can wastewater still have value for the biofuels industry? If you missed this exclusive Digest Connect with Aquatech, check out their slides on

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Wood Waste to Hydrogen: Mote’s H2 Gambit in California Announced

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  In California, Mote announced its first facility to convert wood waste into hydrogen fuel while capturing, utilizing, and sequestering CO2 emissions from the process. Mote expects to produce approximately seven million kilograms of carbon-negative hydrogen and remove 150,000

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Why Very Good Is Better than Perfect

(Diesel Technology Forum) Diesel is the primary power source for over 90 percent of the nation’s transit bus fleet because of its energy efficiency, reliability, durability and performance, as well as overall economical ownership and operation  --  ...  And in Missouri,

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USDA Sees Little Renewable Diesel Benefit for Soybean Oil

by Sean Pratt (Western Producer) Analysts generally concur that the burgeoning renewable diesel industry will result in exploding demand for soybean oil through 2030. But there is one notable exception. The United States Department of Agriculture is forecasting static soybean oil demand from

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Titan, Attero, and Nordsol Awarded €4.3M in Funding for a Bio-LNG Production Plant

(Titan LNG)  The FirstBio2Shipping project will help decarbonize maritime transport through scalable and decentralized production of bio-LNG  --  The FirstBio2Shipping project, set to be completed in 2023, will achieve a decentralized production of bio-LNG designated for use in the maritime

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Mustard Plant Jet Fuel Could Reduce Emissions by 68 Percent

by Puneet Dwivedi (University of Georgia/U.S. Department of Agriculture)  ... Carinata (Brassica Carinata), also known as Ethiopian mustard, is an oilseed crop that can be grown across the southern U.S. during winter months. The oil obtained from crushed carinata seeds can

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point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol price Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts 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Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis 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RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae 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