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Bio-SynDiesel and Bio-SynJet from EBTL and BETL Processes

by David J. Patterson and Gord Crawford (Expander Energy Inc./Biofuels Digest)  Expander’s Enhanced Biomass to Liquids (EBTL™) and Biomass Electrolysis to Liquids (BETL™) processes produce and combine hydrogen and carbon monoxide into paraffin carbon chains in the diesel boiling range to produce

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India: A Vibrant Ecosystem for Cost-Effective Bioplastics Production

by Ashwini Shete (Praj Industries/Biofuels Digest)  ... Bioplastics offer a sustainable solution to plastic for certain applications. Bioplastics like PLA & PHA along with TPS, Cellulose offer functionality advantages including biodegradability & compostability. These alternatives support circular economies and reduce reliance

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to the Eco-Farewell to Bioplastics

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This week on the Digest webinar stage, we looked at The Next Chapter for Bioplastics, our title was the Eco-Friendly Farewell and my guest was Ashvini Shete, Technology Lead – Renewable Chemicals & Materials at Praj

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Transitioning to a Sustainable, Circular Economy for Plastics Workshop June 8–9, 2023 Presentations Available

During the workshop, diverse stakeholders provided input on current challenges and opportunities to addressing and reducing plastic waste. This input was gathered to advance DOE’s vision for its Strategy for Plastics Innovation to develop and deploy technologies that minimize plastic waste and

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Expander Energy to Construct Its 1st Bio-SynDiesel® Project

(Expander Energy/Biobased Diesel Daily)  Calgary, Alberta-based Expander Energy Inc. announced May 4 that it has signed an agreement with Rocky Mountain Clean Fuels Inc. to build its first biomass-to-liquids project and produce low-carbon, renewable biobased synthetic diesel by 2025. Expander said its

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Microplastics: The What, Where, Why And Impact

by Craig Coker (BioCycle Magazine)  Among the organics recycling challenges du jour is the potential presence of microplastics in compost and digestate. Two-part article series starts with an overview and ends with findings of current research. Part I ... Over the past

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Processing of Bioplastics in Biogas Production: a Forward-Looking Waste Management Solution

(European Biogas Association)  Biogas and biomethane are generated from different types of organic residues, turning waste into a valuable resource. A recent study shows that the increasing amount of compostable bioplastics in our waste can be collected and processed with no ecological risk

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Plastic Packaging Might Be Biodegradable after All, Say German Scientists

(Deutsche Welle)  Leipzig researchers have found an enzyme that rapidly breaks down PET, the most widely produced plastic in the world. It might just eat your old tote bags. --  While scavenging through a compost heap at a Leipzig cemetery, Christian

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If Plastic Comes from Oil and Gas, Which Come Originally from Plants, Why Isn’t It Biodegradable?

by Yael Vodovotz (The Conversation/Curious Kids)  To better understand why plastics don’t biodegrade, let’s start with how plastics are made and how biodegradation works. ... Petroleum contains a lot of a chemical called propylene. To make plastic, refiners heat the propylene together

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Clariant Joins the Renewable Carbon Initiative

(Clariant)  Clariant joins the Renewable Carbon Initiative (RCI) to promote the use of renewable raw materials; RCI aims to promote the transition from fossil carbon to renewable carbon for use in the chemical industry; Joining the RCI demonstrates Clariant’s commitment

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Bioplastics: Re-shaping the Future of Our Planet

by Pramod Kumbhar (Praj Industries/Biofuels Digest) ... Bioplastics are a sustainable solution to the impending plastic pollution crisis. They are produced from sustainable feedstocks. Bioplastics like polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biodegradable. They can bring a significant reduction in carbon

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Bioheat Fuel: The Key to Gaining and Maintaining Market Share

by Charlie Uglietto (Cubby Oil & Energy/Mechanical Hub)  ... There are better alternatives than electrification, and the best option we have available right now, at least for homes with an existing oil boiler, is Bioheat® fuel. Bioheat is a liquid fuel

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The Problem with Plastics and Fuel Decarbonization Policies: Could Nonbiodegradable Plastics Be Better for the Environment in the Short Term than Biodegradable Plastics?

by Shashi Menon (EcoEngineers)  ... The latter material eventually emits carbon — contributing to higher levels of greenhouse gases (or GHGs) in the atmosphere — whereas nonbiodegradable plastics can sequester carbon for longer periods of time.  Is this actually true? And

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Degradation of Biobased Plastics in the Soil

(Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research) The idea of biodegradable plastics sounds good at first. However, very little is known about how they are degraded in the soil and how this is influenced by climate change. In two recent studies, soil ecologists

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Blue Biofuels Files Two New Patents on the Production of Lignin and Nanocellulose from its CTS Technology

(Blue Biofuels/Globe Newswire) Blue Biofuels, Inc. (the “Company”) is pleased to announce that it filed two more patents that follow on the granted patent and three previously filed patents pending to its Cellulose-to-Sugar (“CTS”) technology system. One filed patent pertains to the

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A Once Defunct Sarnia Bioplastics Plant Has Risen from the Ashes

by Troy Shantz (The Sarnia Journal) A failed Sarnia bioplastics plant has been resurrected and is once again turning Ontario corn syrup into a key ingredient of biodegradable plastics. BioAmber was the flagship for a cluster of fledgling bio-based “green” companies in

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LCA Model for Biofuels: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to GREET

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Technologies Model – aka GREET – can be used to address impacts and conduct life cycle analyses of biofuels and bioproducts. Check out Argonne National Laboratory’s

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‘Plugging in’ to Produce Environmentally Friendly Bioplastics

(AgriLife Today)  Agriculture byproducts can help produce eco-friendly, biodegradable plastics -- Bioplastics — biodegradable plastics made from biological substances rather than petroleum — can be created in a more economical and environmentally friendly way from the byproducts of corn stubble,

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Bioconversion Improvements: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Biorefinery Waste for Bioplastics

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Being in a big state, Texas A&M University has some big goals like overcoming the key challenges for biorefinery cost-effectiveness and sustainability in the BETO MYPP and bring down the biofuel cost to $3/GGE. How

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Maire Tecnimont Group’s Nextchem Awarded by TotalEnergies an Engineering Contract for a Biojet Plant in France

(Maire Tecnimont)  The Front-End Engineering Design contract is a first step towards implementing a plant for processing up to 400,000 tons annually of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF), or BioJet, at Total’s Grandpuits zero-crude platform, due to be operational in 2024;

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More Meat without Meat, Fermentation-Based Silk, Bioplastic Water Bottles, Adidas and Allbirds Unlikely Solemates and More: The Digest’s Top 8 Innovations for the Week of May 21st

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) Competitors coming together – Adidas and Allbirds – both shoe manufacturers are working together on green sneakers, a company working to commercialize biobased silk polymers, the European Union looking at waste feathers from poultry into

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Enzymatic Depolymerization, Catalysts, Reactive Extrusion: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Circular Plastics

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Enymatic hydrolysis, thermomechanical pretreatment, bioconversion and other ways to recycle plastic waste can change the way we look at plastics and polymers. Check out this illuminating slide guide from the University of Massachusetts on waste-to-energy,

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The Extraordinary ReMaking of Ordinary Things, Pt 3: J&J Green Paper Reinvents the Paper Coffee Cup with an Alternative to Plastic

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... Derived from widely available plant material, JANUS coated paper can be custom-shaped and when coated, creates moisture resistance equivalent to petroleum-coated products. Unlike the old school petroleum-coated paper, J&J’s green paper technology is recyclable,

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Earth Day 2021 Series Day 4: Biobased Products and Bioplastics

by Nathália Fernandes Pimentel* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  When we think about green transitioning, the most popular images we idealize are windmills, solar panels or electric cars. But apart from energy, many products still have a large impact on carbon emissions

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Deere Bullish on Biodiesel, Renewable Diesel

by Ryan Ghem (SAE International)  ... Biodiesel and renewable diesel will lead the way for alternative-fuel integration into the heavy equipment industry, according to Nick Block, director of worldwide marketing, sales & customer support, John Deere Power Systems (JDPS). “We support

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The First ‘Cash Cover Crop’ Edges Closer to Commercialization

(CoverCress Inc./PR Web) CoverCress Inc. announces $8 million in partner funding for new low carbon oilseed. -- Midwestern farmers are one step closer to the prospect of growing a new cover crop that will generate a cash margin while supporting regenerative

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Managing On-Farm Plastic Waste and Growing the Bioeconomy

(Government of Canada; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada) ... Today (March 22, 2021)  the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food, the Honourable Marie-Claude Bibeau, announced funding of more than $4.5 million for five new projects that will improve plastic waste management and

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Biodegradable Computer, Cow Intestine Lamps, Soy-based Turf, Air-to-Meat: The Digest’s Top 8 Innovations for the Week of January 22nd

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) We all know the huge toll that electronics have on our planet, from the rare-earth metals like lanthanum, terbium, and dysprosium needed in the creation stage to what to do with quickly outdated electronics and

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Cultured Human Steaks, Lab-Grown Lobster, Edible Bugs, Biodegradable Mannequins and More: The Digest’s Top 8 Innovations for the Week of November 27th

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  As if 2020 wasn’t crazy enough, this week’s innovations include lab-grown lobster, renewable and biodegradable store mannequins, edible bug grants for companies looking to develop insect-based foods, and even a Hannibal Lecter inspired “have people

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Coaxing Crops to Create Animal Proteins, Cucumber Peels for Food Packaging Polymers, and More: The Digest’s Top 8 Innovations for the Week of November 20th

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) Cucumber peels converted into cellulose nanocrystals with potential to be used in food packaging, bamboo and sugar waste tableware that biodegrades in 60 days, a new pen design with edible ink and compostable materials, coaxing

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Biobased COVID-19 Tests, Masks, Fun with Fungus, Crustacean Shells to Bioplastic, and More: The Digest’s Top 8 Innovations for the Week of October 16th

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) COVID-19 has seen an explosion in disposable items, but now innovators in India came up with a paper based COVID-19 test (that happens to be at much lower cost and gets results in under 30

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U.S. Department of Energy Announces $27 Million in Plastics Recycling Research and Development

(U.S. Department of Energy) Today, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced over $27 million in funding for 12 projects that will support the development of advanced plastics recycling technologies and new plastics that are recyclable-by-design. As part of DOE’s Plastics

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Department of Energy Selects New Projects to Accelerate Innovation and Growth in the Biomanufacturing Sector

(U.S. Department of Energy) Today, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced the selection of eight projects totaling over $5 million to conduct research and development (R&D) needed to accelerate the US biomanufacturing sector. Part of the Agile BioFoundry (ABF) consortium, these

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Rethink Plastic Alliance et al Launch Policy Brief on Plastic-to-Fuels ahead of EC Meeting on Revised Renewable Energy Directive

by Liz Gyekye (BioMarkets Insights) “The current crisis is creating an opportunity for real change. Yet, plastic-to-fuel is encouraging reliance on our current linear system – convincing consumers that this waste can be “recycled” when in fact it is getting burned.

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Methanol as a “Future-Proof” Fuel

by Tammy Klein (Future Fuels Strategies)  ... Recently, I wrote a primer for the Methanol Institute entitled, Methanol: A Future-Proof Fuel. Polygeneration, the ability to scale efficiently and cost-effectively, its versatility in so many products and applications including transportation fuels, its

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Plastics Industry Oversold Recycling to Americans, Now What?

by Zoey Shipley and Miro Korenha (Our Daily Planet) NPR and PBS Frontline recently announced a new joint investigation which has revealed that since the 1980s, “the plastics industry spent tens of millions of dollars promoting recycling through ads, recycling projects, and public relations, telling people

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Plastic-Eating Bacteria Could Be Small Step toward Tackling World's Pollution Crisis

by Scottie Andrew (CNN) ... Now scientists discovered a strain of bacteria, the first of its kind, that can degrade the harmful compounds in polyurethane products -- a positive step toward reducing the amount of plastic pollution in the environment. The findings were published

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Middle East’s 1st Plant-Based Water Bottle, Biofoams Made from Seafood Waste, Mushrooms, Bamboo Diapers, Biobowls, and More: The Digest’s Top 10 Innovations for the Week of March 12th

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In Abu Dhabi, food and beverage company Agthia Group PJSC is set to launch the Middle East’s first plant-based water bottle made from corn sugar with caps made from sugarcane, and can biodegrade within 80 days.

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How Plastic Can Fit in a Circular Carbon Economy: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Recycling and Upcycling Plastics

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) We’ve seen the staggering numbers, 78 million tons of annual plastics production, 98% virgin feedstock, and only 14% gets collected for recycling. So what do we do about it? Jay Fitzgerald from the Bioenergy technologies

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Emissions from Production of Plastics Deserves Same Scrutiny as End-of-Life Debate, Says Expert.

by Liz Gyekye (BioMarket Insights)  ...  Biome Bioplastics CEO Paul Mines said that the discussion around plastics isn’t solely about its end of life but its start of life. He also said that the production of oil-based plastics was hugely carbon

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Compostable Coffee Capsules, Banana Waste Bioplastic, Cocoa Husk Chocolate Wrappers, Cactus Leather, and More: The Digest’s Top 10 Innovations for the Week of December 4th

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The holiday season is in full gear for some and this means coming up with gifts for family and friends. For The Digest readers this week, there is no dearth of biobased alternatives to consider like

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New PHA Pathway, Stroodles Noodle Straws, Bamboo Poutine, Seaweed Bioplastic, Rice Husk Travel Mugs and More: The Digest’s Top 10 Innovations for the Week of November 28th

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... It’s Thanksgiving in the U.S. today and many are gathering around the table, chatting about the latest news, like the new Air Protein – air-based food – and whether it will be served alongside…or

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17 Trillion Pounds of Plastic – How Much Is Biodegradable?: The Digest’s 2019 Multi-Slide Guide to Algenesis’ Algae Polymers

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Science by Nature and Nature by Science is what it’s all about for Algenesis. Their goal is for 100% renewable, biodegradable, recyclable polyurethane that can be used for everything from flip flops to surfboards. Michael Burkart

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Green Shoots: After a Sluggish Decade, Is the Bioenergy Tide Turning?

by Gerard J. Ostheimer, Ph.D. (below50) and Douglas L. Faulkner (“the Clean Tech Conservative” / Leatherstocking LLC) (Biofuels Digest)  ...  On the left there is a surging sense of climate action urgency. On the right is growing concern over energy security.

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Chemical Catalysis Pioneer James Dumesic Wins International Energy Prize

(University of Wisconsin-Madison) Prolific biofuels researcher James Dumesic has been named the winner of the 2019 Eni Energy Transition Award. The internationally renowned Eni Awards were established in 2007 to recognize excellence in energy and environmental research. The Energy Transition Award honors

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Fungus Fashion, BMW i Hydrogen NEXT Unveiled, Spider Silk and Cellulose Composite, Nestlé Opens Packaging Research Center, and More: The Digest’s Top 10 Innovations for the Week of September 25th

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) With Climate Week on many minds this week, it’s good to see innovations being developed to take a step in a better direction. Take CPI Card Group which is launching credit cards made from waste plastic

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Corn, Soybean Farmers Celebrate Ethanol, Biodiesel Choices at New Brownstown Fueling Station

( Indiana Corn and Soybean Checkoffs/WOWO)  Without access to consumers, biofuels cannot grow. The Indiana Soybean Alliance (ISA) and the Indiana Corn Marketing Council (ICMC) joined Premier Energy and CountryMark to celebrate a new fueling station and convenience store at 1300

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Circular Economy Package, European Commission, July 2018

by Liz Gyekye (BioMarket Insights) The European Union (EU)’s landmark ‘Circular Economy Package’ came into force last year. By July 2020, the bloc’s 28 member states will have to incorporate the Package into national law. Some say that this legislation is the most

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Ethanol Improves Air Quality: Nations around the Globe Need to Follow Brazil, U.S.'s Lead in Ethanol Adoption to Lower GHG Emissions.

by Leticia Phillips (UNICA/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  We celebrated World Environment Day on June 5 and, although the date has passed, I believe the theme of this year’s event, air pollution, still deserves our attention. What are we doing locally, nationally or

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Blazing Pathways through the Clean-Tech and Governmental Wilderness

by Douglas L. Faulkner (The Cleantech Conservative/Leatherstocking LLC/ Biofuels Digest)  ... (W)e first addressed bio-based plastic research needs; second, we reviewed government regulations preventing the growth of advanced biofuels, a controversial action; then we launched an effort for 2019 for an intensive look

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Food and Drink Packaging from Seaweed and Animal Hides, Beer Six-Pack Rings, Mouse Ears for Humans, Vehicle Pigments, Carbon Fiber for Building Materials, Hempcrete, and More: The Digest’s Top 10 Innovations for the Week of April 8th

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The pace of bioeconomy invention and change continues at a frenetic pace. ... In today’s Digest, food and drink packaging from seaweed and animal hides, beer six-pack rings, mouse ears for humans, vehicle pigments, carbon fiber for

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Students' Soybean Straws Win Award

(The Exponent)  Three Purdue students brought home top honors and a $20,000 prize at this year's Student Soybean Product Innovation Competition for their biodegradable soybean based drinking straw, according to a Purdue press release. "Team Stroy" is made up of Natalie Stephenson, a senior in

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Scion Welcomes Climate Policy Report

(Scion Research)  Crown research institute Scion congratulates the Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment on his report Farms, forests and fossil fuels: The next great landscape transformation released today.  Scion CEO Dr Julian Elder says the report’s proposal to take a “landscape approach”

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Super Corn Microbe, Self-Healing Concrete, Jute Gene Tweak, Mushroom Root Styrofoam Replacement, Biodegradable Food Packaging and More: The Digest’s Top 10 Innovations for the Week of March 6th

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The pace of bioeconomy invention and change continues at a frenetic pace. Here are the top innovations for the week of March 6th. In today’s Digest, super corn microbe, self-healing concrete, jute gene tweak, mushroom root Styrofoam

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Grow Your Own Bioplastic Home, Avocado-Pit Bioplastic, Arla and UPM’s Wood-Based Dairy Packaging, PHA Bioplastic Water Bottle and More: The Digest’s Top 10 Innovations for the Week of February 20th

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The pace of bioeconomy invention and change continues at a frenetic pace. Here are the top innovations for the week of February 20th. In today’s Digest, grow your own bioplastic home, avocado-pit bioplastic, Arla and UPM’s wood-based

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Consumer Values Drive Demand for the Bioeconomy Specialty Chemicals

by Bogdan Comanita (Lee Enterprises/MarketChemica Inc./Biofuels Digest)  VIRIDISOL®, ecoXTRACT® and GreenFlame® are examples of B2B brands launched in 2018 that support the use of new biobased products in large B2C markets. All these B2B brands are in perfect alignment with powerful B2C

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Mushrooms Could Solve the War on Plastic, Says Kew Gardens

by  Jamie Johnson (Telegraph)  Fungi could be the key to winning the war on plastic, leading scientists at Kew Gardens has said. The first ever report on the state of the world’s fungi has today revealed that if the natural properties of fungus can be

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Plastics Proliferation Transitioning to Bioplastics Boost

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest)  IHS Markit published a plastics report saying that the market value for biodegradable polymers exceeds $1 billion and will rise sharply by 2023 thanks to increased plastic regulations and bans in Western Europe. But it’s not just Europe

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The Digest’s Top 10 Innovations for the Week of August 2nd: Waste Plastics for Fuels and Sneakers, Eggs without the Chicken, 3D Printing, Algae-Based Ketchup Packaging, Green Funerals, Biodegradable Grills

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The pace of invention and change is just too strong, we’ve realized, to highlight annual or even quarterly or monthly rankings and summaries of significant product and service advances. For now, we’re going to be tracking

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Scania and Line 132 Will Use Pure Biodiesel

by Emiliano Huergo (Clarin Rural)  Claudio Molina, Executive Director of the Argentine Association of Biofuels and Hydrogen (AABH), announced that the line of collectives 132 of the Federal Capital will begin to use pure biodiesel in some units before the end of

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Bioproducts, USDA and You: The Digest 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to USDA Agricutural Research Service Partnership

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The Agricultural Research Service (ARS) is the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s chief scientific in-house research agency. ARS conducts research to develop and transfer solutions to agricultural problems of high national priority and provide information access and dissemination

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Michigan State University Scientists Work to Make Biodegradable Plastic from Sunlight

(Fox47News/MSU Today)  Michigan State University scientists are proposing a new way to economically produce biodegradable plastics with sunlight and help from an ancient microorganism. The team, led by Taylor Weiss, a postdoctoral researcher in the Ducat MSU-Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory labat the MSU-Department of

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Bioeconomy under the Radar

by Chris Clayton (DTN The Progressive Farmer)  Leaders Tout Potential Growth, Challenges for Renewable Refinery Products  --  ... Whether it is spoons, Coke bottles or carpets made out of corn, livestock enzymes for pharmaceuticals, or John Deere tractors using soy oil

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Tick-tick-tick…This Plastic Will Self-Destruct

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  They called it Mission Impossible. Create a means to biodegrade any plastic out there that needs to decompose in the environment after use. Find little microbes that can break the material into something that ordinary

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Should Sustainability Include Using Farmlands for Plastics, Textiles and Dyes, or Food?

by Clare Goldsberry (Plastics Today)  A presenter at the recent ANTEC conference posed a provocative question: Are biobased materials really sustainable?  --  He (Professor Majid Sarmadi of the University of Wisconsin-Madison )pointed out that sustainability goes beyond whether or not to

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European Bioplastics Welcomes Revised EU Waste Legislation

(Plastics and Rubber Weekly)  European Bioplastics (EUBP) has backed a new European Parliament report on revised waste legislation which has emphasised the role of bioplastics to help the move to a circular economy. The report, produced by Italian MEP Simona Bonafè,

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DG-Based Resins Spring into Plastics

by Ann Bailey (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Nebraska’s Laurel Biocomposite produces biomaterials for thermoset applications.  --  Laurel Biocomposite LLC is using distillers grains to create biomaterials that will be used in lawn and gardening products across the United States this spring. The

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Indiana University Scientists Create 'Nano-Reactor' for the Production of Hydrogen Biofuel

(Indiana University Bloomington) Combining bacterial genes and virus shell creates a highly efficient, renewable material used in generating power from water  --   Scientists at Indiana University have created a highly efficient biomaterial that catalyzes the formation of hydrogen -- one

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Biodegradable Chemicals, Renewable, Abundant, Low Cost: The Digest’s 2015 8-Slide Guide to Rivertop Renewables

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Rivertop has developed a way to make glucaric acid, glucarates and other biodegradable chemicals from renewable resources in abundant quantity and at a low cost. These and other renewable chemicals can reduce society’s dependence on

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Ecofriendly Bioplastic from Inexpensive Sources of Methane: The Digest’s 2015 8-Slide Guide to Mango Materials

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Mango Materials utilizes a patent-protected process to manufacture bioplastic from inexpensive sources of methane gas. The San Francisco Bay Area-based company has proven the ability to produce the bioplastic poly-hydroxyalkanoate (PHA), which can be economically

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bioproducts biopropene bioprospecting BioRefineries/Renewable Fuel Production Biorefinery Assistance Program (BAP) old 9003 Biorefinery Renewable Chemical Biobased Product Mfgr Assistance 9003 Program BioRenewable-1 (BR-1) BioSNG Biotechnology birch bitter orange black carbon black grease black liquor black locust black soldier fly Blend wall blender blender pumps Blenders Credit blending blendstock blockchain blue carbon boat fuel boiler/furnace fuel Bolivia bolt-on Bonaire bonds book-and-claim border tax Borneo Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana BQ-9000 Brachiaria bracken brackish water brash Brassica Brazil breweries brine British Columbia broker brown grease brownfields Brunei Btu's BTX (Benzene Toluene Xylene) Bu12.5 Bu16 Budget building block chemicals Bulgaria bunker bunker oil Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Burkina Faso Burma Burundi buses Business and Industry Program (B&I) business law business resources Business/General Aviation butadiene butandeiol (bio-BDO) Butane butanediol 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college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date 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pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 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equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm 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of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO 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