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Intermediate and High Ethanol Blends Reduce Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Gasoline Direct Injection Vehicles

by Patrick Roth, Jiacheng Yang, Weihan Peng, David R. Cocker III, Thomas D. Durbin, Akua Asa-Awuku, and Georgios Karavalakis  (Atmospheric Environment) Highlights:  Higher ethanol fueling will reduce SOA formation from GDI

October 24, 2019 Read Full Article

Forest Products Industry Barriers to Producing Biofuels

(Biorenewable Deployment Consortium) BDC is a 501c3 organization focused on education and brokering partnerships in order to accelerate the deployment of economic bioprocesses and assist the forest products industry to

September 16, 2019 Read Full Article

Used Frying Fat Causes a Significant CO2 Reduction in the Transport Sector

(Dutch Emissions Authority (Google Translation)) The Netherlands is on track to reach the European target for renewable energy for transport of 10% in 2020. This means that in 2018, the Netherlands will

July 12, 2019 Read Full Article

Gasolinegate: Three Decades of Flawed Emission Reports Has Endangered Public

(Safe Gasoline Campaign)   The 263 million gasoline vehicles on American roadways are emitting significantly more harmful emissions than being reported, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)  is ignoring the

July 2, 2019 Read Full Article

National Gasoline Public Education and Consumer Awareness Campaign Launched: It’s Time—EPA: Make Gasoline SAFE!

(Safe Gasoline Campaign)  Gasoline and its emissions are one of the greatest threats to public health Americans face today. Transportation related pollution accounts for an estimated 50,000 premature deaths annually. When

June 22, 2019 Read Full Article

All I Need Is the Air that I Breathe: The Search for Better Sources for Octane and Better Uses for Aromatics

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Washington, a new report concludes that emissions from petroleum-based gasoline “are one of the biggest health threats facing the American public”. The report links a

June 12, 2019 Read Full Article

USGC Demonstrates Ethanol’s Cost Savings in Indonesia

(U.S. Grains Council/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Ethanol could generate significant cost savings while boosting octane in fuel supplies in Indonesia. That’s the message the U.S. Grains Council and its partners are conveying

May 28, 2019 Read Full Article

Houston We Have a Problem…

by Doug Durante (Biofuels Digest/Clean Fuels Development Coalition) and Dave VanderGriend (Urban Air Initiative)  Floods, horrible chemical fires, and now a barge accident in the port resulting in a chemical spill that

May 27, 2019 Read Full Article

Ethanol: Let’s Ride the Wave–Making Ethanol Part of the “Green Wave” by Debunking Environmental Misinformation.

by Dave VanderGriend (Urban Air Initiative)  Now that we are well into the current Congress, it is clear that many new members are riding in on a green wave with a

May 17, 2019 Read Full Article

What’s in Our Gasoline Is Killing Us: New Report Documents Connection Between Toxic Fuel Additives, Vehicle Emissions and Human Health Threats

(Clean Fuels Development Coalition)  The fuel we use in our vehicles may actually be killing us.   That’s the conclusion in a new report released today which calls emissions from consumer gasoline

May 7, 2019 Read Full Article

Sustainable Chemicals Produced by Vertimass Now Eligible for Iowa Renewable Chemical Production Tax Credit

(Vertimass/Cision/PR Newswire) Vertimass’ ethanol to renewable chemicals offers ethanol producers alternative product capability  —  The Iowa Economic Development Authority (IEDA) has approved the addition of four new renewable chemicals to the list

April 2, 2019 Read Full Article

South Dakota Farmers Union: Say No to E15 Rule; Farmer Leader Says We Can Do Better

(South Dakota Farmers Union)  On the eve of a public hearing to receive comments on the long awaited ruling to allow year round rvp relief for E15, the South Dakota Farmers

March 28, 2019 Read Full Article

Petrochemical Fire in Houston Reveals Much Larger Issue.

(Urban Air Initiative)  On Sunday, March 17, tanks of toluene and xylene caught fire at Intercontinental Terminal in the Houston, TX area, releasing plumes of black smoke into the air. As a

March 26, 2019 Read Full Article

E20 by 2020: Hold Your Breath!

by Ramya Natarajan (Economic Times/Center for Study of Science, Technology & Policy)  The National Policy on Biofuels 2018 sets an ethanol-blending target of E20 by 2030. However, if the dispersion

March 26, 2019 Read Full Article

Ultraviolet Light Could Provide a Powerful New Source of Green Fuel

by Robert F. Service (Science Magazine)  Methanol—a colorless liquid that can be made from agricultural waste—has long been touted as a green alternative to fossil fuels. But it’s toxic and only

February 20, 2019 Read Full Article

Octane Enhancement Cannot Come from the Oil Barrel

by Dave VanderGriend  (Ethanol Producer Magazine/ICM/Urban Air Initiative)  … Today, at 10 percent of the motor fuel pool, ethanol is displacing the most lethal components in gasoline—toxic, carcinogenic aromatics. When lead

November 21, 2018 Read Full Article

#Gasolinegate: EPA’s Role in Fair Gasoline Emissions Testing Draws Fire

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Washington, researchers for a report published by the Urban Air Initiative contend that “technical data that shows the nation has been exposed to decades of

November 13, 2018 Read Full Article

Help Wanted: Job Interview for High Octane & Low Carbon

by Doug Durante and Doug Sombke (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/South Dakota Farmers Union/Biofuels Digest)  … However, we may have a unique and perhaps unprecedented opportunity for a do-over with the proposed fuel

October 11, 2018 Read Full Article

Heard on the Floor at the BIO World Congress: Iowa, Plastics, Benzene, Queensland, Skin Care, Jet Fuel in the Mix

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  …The rounds of applause at BIO have been loud and steady but the biggest ones were heard not for a presentation or a speaker — rather,

July 18, 2018 0 comment Read Full Article

Urban Air Uncovers More Fishy Fuel Testing

(Urban Air Initiative)  Urban Air Initiative uncovered what looks to be more fishy fuel testing. Last year, we called out the Coordinated Research Council (CRC) for using flawed fuel blending practices when evaluating

May 8, 2018 Read Full Article

Urban Air Initiative: Leading Off — Why Did a Retired Oil Refinery Engineer Turn into an Ethanol Advocate?

(Urban Air Initiative)  The resistance to ethanol expansion is really about politics and a desire to squash competition. But if you weed through all of PR campaigns and simply evaluate fuel

April 27, 2018 Read Full Article

Researchers Develop Two-Step, One-Pot Process for Synthesis of Benzene from Microalgal Oils

(Green Car Congress) Benzene, an aromatic hydrocarbon, is a natural component of crude oil and is one of the elementary petrochemicals. It is used as a precursor to the manufacture of

April 10, 2018 Read Full Article

China Mixed Aromatics Imports May Wane amid High Costs

(ICIS News)  China’s imports of mixed aromatics may wane due to high costs and amid calls for a nationwide use of ethanol gasoline. … Chinese buyers favour Thailand-origin mixed aromatics with a high benzene content

January 22, 2018 Read Full Article

Make Haste Slowly: The Story of Anellotech’s Journey towards a Bio-BTX Breakthrough

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  … In it, we are reminded that innovation is a never-ending war between two brothers named Urgency and Diligence — and the conflict comes roaring back to life when we

January 5, 2018 Read Full Article

A New Years Resolution for EPA: Do Your Job!

by Doug Sombke (South Dakota Farmers Union/Biofuels Digest)  …  I am referring to the mandatory requirements in the Clean Air Act that EPA enforce section 202 (l), the “clean octane” provision designed

January 3, 2018 0 comment Read Full Article

Letter: Fuel Choice: A Right of All Auto Owners

by Orrie Swazye (Argus Leader)  This is America: Contrary to EPA statements, all auto owners have the self-evident, unalienable constitutional right to save typically several dollars/tank by choosing splash blended 94

December 15, 2017 Read Full Article

Behind the Battle for Octane

by Denton Cinquegrana (Oil Price Information Service(OPIS))  What you need to know as the refining, agricultural and auto industries gear up to vie for their piece of a multi-billion-dollar market  —

August 22, 2017 Read Full Article

Letter – We Are the Enemy

by Orrie Swayze (The Public Opinion)  … In this case government verbally declared ethanol’s optimal, lower cost best performance blend E30 is illegal. Never before has a major industry resource so

August 17, 2017 Read Full Article

Livin’ La Vida Octane: The Quest for Torque and Affordable, Sustainable Vroom

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  … In recent days. we’ve been updating some very useful industry charts relating to costs, carbon, and biofuels — and here’s another highly useful chart from

May 23, 2017 Read Full Article

Ethanol Reduces a Variety of Harmful Emissions, New Study Finds

by Rebecca Chillrud  (Energy and Environmental Study Institute)  …  Traditional biofuels like ethanol can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 19-48 percent compared with gasoline, while advanced or cellulosic biofuels can

November 1, 2016 0 comment Read Full Article

The War Against Ethanol, Part 1

by Jamie Kitman (Automobile Magazine)  Getting real about ethanol  —  …  But until solar and wind power charge our national fleet of electric and hydrogen vehicles, ethanol is worth discussing. Because

August 22, 2016 Read Full Article

Direct Conversion of Methane to Aromatics in a Catalytic Co-Ionic Membrane Reactor

(Science Magazine)  Methane gas is expensive to ship. It is usually converted into carbon monoxide and hydrogen and then liquefied. This is economically feasible only on very large scales. Hence,

August 5, 2016 Read Full Article

Use of E15 Overwhelmingly Favored in Wisconsin

(Wisconsin Corn Growers Association/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  A recent statewide opinion poll shows that Wisconsin citizens favor the use of ethanol blends in fuel up to 15 percent (E15), by a

July 19, 2016 Read Full Article

Maine Retiree Fueling Governor’s Questions about Ethanol

by Scott Thistle (Portland Press Herald)  Ralph Stevens, a retired mechanic who says ethanol emissions may have caused the state’s opioid crisis, and a legislator persuade Paul LePage to order

July 1, 2016 Read Full Article

‘Threat Map’ Aims to Highlight the Worst of Oil and Gas Air Pollution

by Zahra Hirji (Inside Climate News)  Two activist groups used government data to show 12.4 million people in the U.S. live within a half-mile of an oil and gas facility—and

June 22, 2016 Read Full Article

Fact Sheet: A Brief History of Octane in Gasoline: From Lead to Ethanol

by Jessie Stolark (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  A cornerstone of U.S. environmental policy has been the reduction of harmful tailpipe emissions from cars and trucks. Thanks to EPA regulations

April 7, 2016 Read Full Article

Science: 2015 Well Blowout Doubled Los Angeles’ Methane Leak Rate

by Meagan Phelan (AAAS.org) The first quantitative estimates of the Aliso Canyon well blowout reveal that it released more than 100,000 tons of the powerful greenhouse gas methane. A new study

February 26, 2016 Read Full Article

Opinion: South Dakotans Send Ethanol Message

by Orrie Swayze (AgWeek)  The idea that shale makes us crude oil independent is an oil industry fantasy that enables us to deny we willfully sacrifice our troops to fight endless

February 23, 2016 Read Full Article

Ethanol Backers Say Higher Blends Would Reduce Air Toxics

by Renee Schoof (Bloomberg BNA)  A group of farm-state governors and some advocates for clean energy are pressing the Environmental Protection Agency to get tougher on toxic air pollution from motor

February 2, 2016 Read Full Article

Aromatics Ascending: IFP Energies Nouvelles, Axens to Accelerate Bio-BTX via Anellotech Partnership

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In New York, Anellotech, IFPEN and Axens said they have completed construction on a fully-integrated development and testing plant, “TCat-8”, for the production of bio-based

December 18, 2015 Read Full Article

SDFU Delegates Vote to Take Pro-E30 Challenge

by Mikkel Pates (Agweek)  The South Dakota Farmers Union celebrated its 100th annual meeting by taking another step forward in history by unanimously passing a resolution that dedicates its members

December 11, 2015 Read Full Article

Protecting Public Health Through Cleaner Fuels and Lower Emissions — December 14, 2015 — Washington, DC

  Protecting Public Health Through Cleaner Fuels and Lower Emissions — December 14, 2015 — Washington, DC

The Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) invites you to a briefing examining the health impacts of current octane sources and the need for cleaner, cost-effective octane providers. Octane is

December 7, 2015 Read Full Article

Bio BTX Molecules Coming Your Way: The Digest’s 2015 8-Slide Guide to Anellotech

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Founded in 2008, Anellotech has developed a clean technology platform for inexpensively producing bio-based chemicals from renewable non-food biomass. These drop-in, green versions of widely used

November 20, 2015 Read Full Article

Pyromaniax Update: Anellotech Raises $7M from Mystery Investor, Takes on Key Scale-Up Data Task

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Will fund 25M high unit, Operational in 2016, to confirm viability of confirm viability Bio-TCat process for scale-up In New York, Anellotech revealed that it

November 20, 2015 Read Full Article

All Auto Owners Can Choose Premium E30

by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com)  Back in September I brought you a story about Orrie Swayze, an active ethanol advocate, who wants all drivers to use E30 in their cars. At

November 4, 2015 Read Full Article

Vertimass, DOE Validate Benchmarks, Process Design for High-Yield Alcohol-to-Fuels Technology

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In California, Vertimass completed its DOE technology validation that verifies the benchmark performance, initial process design and preliminary cost information for a new award of

November 2, 2015 Read Full Article

ACE Members Pressure EPA, White House; Promote Octane Benefits of Ethanol

by Brian Jennings (Ethanol Producer Magazine/A,merican Coalition for Ethanol)  ACE members will keep working to help the EPA get the RFS on track will also continuing to work on other

October 27, 2015 Read Full Article

A Message For EPA: Get Real on Emissions and Clean Fuels!

by Doug Durante (Clean Fuels Development Coalition/Biofuels Digest)  In the aftermath of revelations of how Volkswagen had their thumb on the scale as they cheated not just the EPA, but

October 23, 2015 Read Full Article

Jet Fuel from Ethanol: The Digest’s 2015 8-Slide Guide to Vertimass

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Vertimass technology was originated at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, where scientists discovered novel catalysts that convert a wide range of alcohols into various hydrocarbon blend

October 20, 2015 Read Full Article

To Be, or Not to Be…Butanol and The Case of a Global Sustainable Society

by Dr Kapil S Lokare (Biofuels Digest/Emerging Technologies Division of Lee Enterprises Consulting, Inc.)  … Globally it has been recognized that there is an urgent need to create paradigm shifting disruptive technology

October 15, 2015 Read Full Article

Gasoline Aromatics: the New Lead?

(Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  After scientists found that toxic lead particles in engine exhaust were accumulating in bodies and affecting brain health, amendments to the Clean Air Act 25 years

September 21, 2015 Read Full Article

Vertimass, Technip to Work together to Scale up ORNL Technology

(Vertimass/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Vertimass LLC announced the company has chosen Technip to provide pilot testing, scale-up, and initial plant design for their novel technology for converting alcohol to renewable gasoline,

September 21, 2015 Read Full Article

Removing Ethanol from Gas Increases Toxic Emissions

by Kim Trinchet (Urban Air Initiative)  Many gas stations are promoting E0, or gasoline with zero percent ethanol. It not only costs more than regular gasoline which contains 10% ethanol,

August 21, 2015 Read Full Article

You Want to Talk About Engine Problems? Take Ethanol out of Gasoline

by Kim Trinchet (Urban Air Initiative)  One of the great misconceptions following ethanol is that it causes compatibility issues in certain engines. But new data shows that the opposite is

August 21, 2015 Read Full Article

EPA More Enemy than Ally to Ethanol

by Mike Bryan (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  There is a long history of antagonism and sometimes outward hostility by the EPA toward ethanol, writes Mike Bryan. — Most of us find it

August 20, 2015 Read Full Article

The Pyromaniax, Class of 2015: The Top 10 Pyrolysis Projects in Renewable Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  It’s been around for a generation or so — fast pyrolysis, that is. Though in the original low-tech incarnation — known as “cooking fire” —

August 4, 2015 Read Full Article

NM Lawmakers Call on Administration to Curb Natural Gas Waste Causing Methane Hot Spot Over San Juan Basin

(Office of Senator Tom Udall (D-NM))  In a letter this week to Office of Management and Budget (OPM) Director Shaun Donovan, U.S. Sens. Tom Udall and Martin Heinrich and U.S.

July 28, 2015 Read Full Article

Urban Air Initiative: Ethanol Reduces Engine Wear

by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com)  The Urban Air Initiative (UAI) has released a study that finds ethanol free gasoline blends actually increase the wear and tear on engines including hoses, seals

June 30, 2015 Read Full Article

Urban Air Initiative: New EPA Studies Regarding Ethanol Flawed

(Urban Air Initiative/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The U.S. EPA published two studies recently; defending its stance that ethanol increases toxic emissions. However, if you follow the same flawed formula, you get

April 28, 2015 Read Full Article

Anellotech, IFP Energies Nouvelles and Axens to Develop Aromatics Technology from Non-Food Biomass

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Pyromania! Anellotech lands key European partners to commercialize its pyrolysis-based pathway to high-value renewable BTX chemicals. In New York, Anellotech, IFP Energies nouvelles and its

January 20, 2015 Read Full Article

Petroleum Ministry Inaugurates Second Experimental Phase of Ethanol Use

by Shadia Basheri   (Sudan Vision Daily)  The Ministry of Petroleum has inaugurated today in Khartoum at the station of

January 19, 2015 Read Full Article

Myths And Facts About The Renewable Fuel Standard

by Kevin Kalhoefer and Denise Robbins  (Media Matters)  The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recently announced that it will delay its decision

December 1, 2014 Read Full Article

14 for ’15: The Bioeconomy Agenda, 2015

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  14 perspectives on policy, technologies and geographies of compelling interest in the new year —

December 1, 2014 Read Full Article

Toxic Chemicals in Gasoline Are Killing Americans

by Larry Pearce (The Hill)  In 1990, Congress passed the Clean Air Act Amendments and directed the U.S Environmental Protection Agency

November 5, 2014 Read Full Article

Dead Babies Near Oil Drilling Sites Raise Questions for Researchers

by Nancy Lofholm  (The Denver Post)  … For some reason, one that is not known and may never be, Beau

October 31, 2014 Read Full Article

Surface-to-Air: How Vertimass Might Shatter Conventional Yields in Alcohol-to-Jet Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Saturated E10 ethanol markets; unmet demand in aviation biofuels: can Vertimass’ technology provide the bridge?

August 28, 2014 Read Full Article

EPA Report Shows Progress in Reducing Urban Air Toxics Across the United States

(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)  … The 2007 Mobile Source Air Toxics rule is projected to reduce toxics emitted from highway vehicles and nonroad

August 22, 2014 Read Full Article

New Strategy for Clean, High-Octane Ethanol Needed

by Dave Vander Griend (Ethanol Producer Magazine/ICM)  The industry must push for change in the way fuels are blended and tested,

August 12, 2014 Read Full Article

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drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought-resistant drought tolerant dual cropping Dubai duckweed E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E2 E3 E5 E5 price E6 E7 E8 E10 E10 price E12 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E40 E50 E55 E78 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 E100 E100 conversion kit earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecuador ED95 education educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency Egypt Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric grid electricity electricity/power generation electricity price electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants El Salvador embargo emissions emissions standards EN 228 EN 590 EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) end user Energy Bill energy cane energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine/Fuel Co-optimization Engine Development engineering engine problems England entrepreneur environment Environmentalists environmental justice environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) enzymatic conversion enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling enzymes Enzyme solicitation EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) ethane ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol benefits ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol blend wall ethanol emissions ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol tolerance Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) externalities extremophiles f F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farmers farming farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices Feedstocks feedstock storage feedstock transportation fermentation ferry fertilizer F Factor fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch/FT Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose flameleaf sumac flavors flax Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) Flightpath flight tests flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources forestry Forest Service fossil carbon fossil fuel fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) free fatty acids (FFA) French fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel additives fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon Gambia gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline-range hydrocarbons gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gas prices gas tax/highway user fee General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal Germany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government subsidies grains grain sorghum/milo grain speculators GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green/black economy green chemistry green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing GREET model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guinea Gulf states Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP Haiti Halophytes harvesting harvest site processing Hawaii hazardous waste HDCJ health health benefits health effects heat-tolerance heating oil/fuel heat of combustion heat of vaporization hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) HFS-SIP hibiscus High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project Highway Bill highway funds highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Honge tree nuts Hong Kong hops horse bedding horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 Hybrid aircraft hybrids hydrocarbon fuels hydrofaction Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogen fuel cells hydrogenolysis hydrogen pumps hydropower hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal liquefaction hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois illuppai ILUC (Indirect Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indiana Indian beech tree Indian grass indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indone Indonesia industrial ethanol industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insurance integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map internal combustion engine International international balance of payments International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isooctane isooctene Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 Jetfuel (Sustainable Alternative Jetfuel (SAJF)/Renewable Jetfuel (RJF) Jimmy Carter Jobs jojoba Jordan JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 JP-10 juniper jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kamani Kansas Kans grass Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa Kuwait Kygryzstan labels Labrador lactose Lake County lamp oil landfill methane Landfills land ownership land prices land rights landscape land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree Lebanon legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars Lipid liquefaction liquid liquidation liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louisiana low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M3 M15 M50 M100 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land Marine/Maritime Biofuel marine algae Marine Corps Marine Gas Oil (MGO) market forces marketing markets/sales market share Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane/biomethane methane leaks Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methanol price Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbe microbes microbiology microorganizms microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molybdenum Monaco mongongo Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed Myanmar n-butanol nahar Namibia nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Lab National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Transportation Safety Board Native American tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gasoline natural gas prices natural gas vehicles Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick Newfoundland new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory North Korea Northwest Territories Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds NTSB nuclear Nunavut nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol off-take agreements Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olefins olive cake olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peaches peak oil peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot scale pine pineapple pine beetle pine nut pinion pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poland Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter power-to-gas prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propanol property insurance protectionism protein protests public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps pungam Punnai tree pyrolysis Q-RIN QAP Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement quantum dots Quebec Queensland quote of the week R33 rabbits race radiata pine Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing railroad rainforest RAND rare earth metal RD20 RD30 RD99 RD100 reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae redcedar Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation refineries reforestation Reformate regenerative braking regenerative farming regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Regulatory Enhancement Growth Support (REGS) Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation remediation rice straw Renewable Chemical renewable chemical producer tax incentive renewable chemical production tax credit Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/Paraffinic Diesel Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel price renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED and RED II) Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) renewable volume obligation (RVO) replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program repurpose research and development research facility resiliency resource depletion retail retrofit return on investment R Factor RFI (Request for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island Ricardo rice rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rotation crops royalties RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass s saccharification Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC SAK sales Salicornia salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar sal tree salt water Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Policy Scotland scum sea level rise seashore mallow seawater Seaweed/Macroalgae seaweed cultivation Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed-to-wheel seed husks Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale gas shale oil sheep shipping shipping containers shipworm Sierra Leone silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smokestack soap social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar-to-fuels solar biofuels solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solid oxide fuel cell Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota Southeast Asia Southern Africa South Korea South Pacific South Sudan Soviet Union SOx (Sulfur oxides) soybean prices soybeans soy meal Spain spartina specifications sprawl spruce Sri Lanka Stakeholders standards start-up State Department Statistics steam explosion steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO or PVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve straw students sub-Saharan Africa sub-sim (substantially similar) succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar sugar-to-biodiesel sugar-to-farnesane sugar-to-jetfuel Sugar Beets/Energy Beets sugar cane sugar cane prices sugar cane straw Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar prices sugars sugars-to-fats sugar standards sulfur Sumatra sunflower supercritical fluid supercritical hydrolysis supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Suriname Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweetgum sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum swine waste Switchgrass Switzerland sycamore syngas syngas fermentation synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic methane Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall fescue tall oil tallow tallow tree Tamarix tank-to-wheel tank cars tankers tanker trucks Tanzania tariff tariffs taro tar sands Tasmania tax benefit tax credit taxes tax incentives tax parity tax policy tea teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training technical course technology transfer tech transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo Tokyo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics transition Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation Policy Treasury Department trees Trinidad and Tobago triticale trucks tubers tung tunicate Tunisia Turkey Uganda UK (United Kingdom) Ukraine UL (Underwriters Laboratory) ULSD (ultra low sulfur diesel) underground storage tanks (UST) UNESCO United Arab Emirates (UAE) United Nations' International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) United Nations (UN) United States Auto Club Unleaded 88/E15 uranium urbanization urban sprawl Uruguay USAC US Agency for International Development (USAID) USAID US Army USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) used cooking oil (UCO) used railroad ties US ethanol exports US Geological Survey US Product Safety Commission Utah utility model Uzbekistan value chain vanadium Vancouver Vanuatu Vatican VEETC vegetable oils Velocys Venezuela Vermont video Vietnam vinasse vinegar vineyard waste Virginia Virgin Islands. virgin oils viruses VLSFO (very low sulfur fuel oil) volunteers waiver Wales warranty 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