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Interest in DOE Algae Biomass Program/BETO Technologies Diminishes Because They Have Proven to Not Be Scalable Outside the Lab in Demonstration or Pilot Tests.

by Barry Cohen (National Algae Association)  After over 10 years of attempts at collaboration between the DOE Algae Biomass Program/BETO, university algae researchers and commercial algae producers over highly advertised pay-to-play

October 9, 2018 Read Full Article

From Ponds to Power: $2M to Perfect Algae as Diesel Fuel

by Nicole Casal Moore (University of Michigan) U-M becomes one of the few institutes in the world working on the problem end-to-end  —  With $2 million from the U.S. Department of Energy,

October 5, 2018 Read Full Article

New Algae Biofuel Production Method Could Someday Compete with Petroleum

by Philip T. Pienkos (R&D Magazine)  … This time, the leading force was not the DOE (U.S. Department of Energy), but the investment community acting in the belief that the power

June 18, 2018 Read Full Article

DTI Seeks Technology Partners for Algae Extraction

(Algae Industry Magazine)  Diversified Technologies, Inc. (DTI) has received a Phase II SBIR for the USDA NFIA to use pulsed electric field (PEF) processing for algal extraction and predator control. Working

March 22, 2018 Read Full Article

The Good, the Bad and the Algae

(Sandia National Laboratory)  Sandia National Laboratories is testing whether one of California’s largest and most polluted lakes can transform into one of its most productive and profitable. Southern California’s 350-square-mile

August 9, 2017 0 comment Read Full Article

Algae at Scale: Qualitas Health Triples Algae Farm Acreage for Omega-3 Now, Protein Soon

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Think beyond nanotechnology. It’s Nanno Technology, as Qualitas’ nannochloropsis strain gets deployed in New Mexico at the old Green Crude Farm (now Green Stream Farms),

May 30, 2017 Read Full Article

Scientists Make Genetically Engineered Algae That Can Thrive Outdoors

by Marlene Cimons (Nexus Media)  Look out for souped-up algae that can be made into food, fuel and pharmaceuticals.  — … Researchers at the University of California San Diego and Sapphire Energyhave

May 5, 2017 Read Full Article

Sandia Purposefully Crashing Algae Ponds

(Algae Industry Magazine)  For algal biofuels to compete with petroleum, farming algae has to become less expensive. Toward that goal, Sandia National Laboratories is testing strains of algae for resistance

March 10, 2017 Read Full Article

2016 National Algal Biofuels Technology Review

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Algae-based biofuels and bioproducts offer great promise in contributing to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office’s vision of a thriving and sustainable bioeconomy

July 21, 2016 Read Full Article

Energy Department Awards $18 Million to Develop Valuable Bioproducts and Biofuels from Algae

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The Energy Department today announced six projects that will receive up to $18 million in funding to reduce the modeled price of algae-based biofuels to less

July 17, 2016 Read Full Article

Release of the 2016 National Algal Biofuels Technology Review Charts Path Forward for Algae

by Alison Goss Eng (U.S. Department of Energy)  Since the publication of the Energy Department’s pivotal 2010 National Algal Biofuels Technology Roadmap, there have been major advancements in the field

July 15, 2016 Read Full Article

Can We Save the Algae Biofuel Industry?

by Christian Ridley (The Epoch Times) Algal biofuels are in trouble. This alternative fuel source could help reduce overall carbon emissions without taking land from food production, like many crop-based biofuels do.

May 10, 2016 Read Full Article

PHYCO2, MSU Announce Breakthrough in Algae Technology

(PHYCO2/Biomass Magazine)  PHYCO2, an emerging algae growth and carbon dioxide sequestration company, has made a technology breakthrough in Phase I of the multi-year trial with Michigan State University.  The technology

April 29, 2016 Read Full Article

Where’s the Algae?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  … This week, U.S. Senator Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI) introduced an amendment  that would provide tax credit support for carbon capture and utilization technologies that enable the

April 13, 2016 Read Full Article

PHYCO2 and MSU Make Breakthrough in Clean Air Technology, Growing Pure Algae 24/7 and Without Sunlight

(PHYCO2) PHYCO2 -an emerging algae growth and carbon dioxide sequestration company- has made a technology breakthrough in Phase I of the multi-year trial with Michigan State University (MSU).  The technology

March 21, 2016 Read Full Article

MSU, PHYCO2 Collaborate on Algae Growth Demonstration Project

(PHYCO2)  PHYCO2, an emerging algae growth and carbon dioxide sequestration company, and Michigan State University (MSU) have announced a partnership designed to generate sustainable, clean energy sources through a new method to

March 21, 2016 Read Full Article

The Business of Algae and the Dream of Algae

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Sapphire’s Jamie Levine, Matrix Genetics’ Margaret McCormick, Algal Scientific’s Geoff Horst, Heliae’s Len Smith and USCD’s Steve Mayfield reflect on the commercial progress of algae.

October 2, 2015 Read Full Article

Algae Fuel, Algae Research Clusters: The Digest’s 2015 8-Slide Guide to BIOFAT

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  BIOFAT is a microalgae-to-biofuel FP7 demonstration project that integrates the entire value chain of algae process from optimized growth, starch and oil accumulation, to downstream

September 21, 2015 Read Full Article

BETO Seeks Stakeholder Input on Achieving High Yields from Algal Feedstocks

(US Department of Energy)  The U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) has released a Request for Information (RFI) titled “High Yields

September 4, 2015 Read Full Article

Algae Fuels, the Earth Room Problem, and Osmotic Shock Around the Clock

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  What is the Earth Room Problem and how is osmotic shock helping us to solve it? You may have wondered to yourself — at some

August 27, 2015 Read Full Article

State-of-the-Art Algae PBRs

by Ron Kotrba (Biomass Magazine)  Photobioreactor manufacturers detail their latest designs and performance metrics and provide project updates from around the globe. … Whether through open ponds, raceways or closed photobioreactors

August 10, 2015 Read Full Article

$1 Million Fund to Develop Algae Biofuels

(Biofuels International)  A research team from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, a multi-program US security laboratory, has received an additional $1 million (appr. €907,000) to protect algal crops by developing ‘probiotic’

July 31, 2015 Read Full Article

Funds Bolster Algae Biofuel Development

by Greg Watry (R&D Magazine) Rotifers are semitransparent microscopic animals. Watching them feed under a microscope, one can’t help but feel a sense of awe at nature’s complexity. Its oval-shaped body rotates

July 28, 2015 Read Full Article

Energy Department Awards $18 Million to Develop Valuable Bioproducts and Biofuels from Algae

(US Department of Energy)  The Energy Department today announced six projects that will receive up to $18 million in funding to reduce the modeled price of algae-based biofuels to less

July 10, 2015 Read Full Article

A.I.M. Interview: Sapphire Energy’s Bryn Davis

by David Schwartz (Algae Industry Magazine) In January of this year, after six months of plummeting oil prices, Sapphire Energy CEO James E. Levine announced that the company – with

April 24, 2015 Read Full Article

OriginOil Joins Idaho National Laboratory In Project Proving Algae For Biofuels

(OriginOil) Disinfection capabilities of OriginOil technology may help make giant open-air ponds feasible for large-scale fuels production OriginOil Inc. (OTC/QB: OOIL), developer of Electro Water Separation™ (EWS), the high-speed, chemical-free process

February 6, 2015 Read Full Article

The DOE’s Shifting Worldview for Biofuels Deployment, Now through 2030

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Feedstock costs and challenges come under the microscope as the DOE reports new data on algae-based feedstocks and terrestrial crops too. Can algae-based biofuels reach

December 29, 2014 Read Full Article

Where Are We with Algae Biofuels? Parts 1 and 2

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The state of R&D so far. 4 NAABB advances  have brought the cost of algae biocrude oil down to $7.50 per gallon.  3 roadblocks remain between today’s

October 14, 2014 Read Full Article

The 10 Hottest Trends in Algae

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Algae has been touted as the ultimate platform for fuels, chemicals, nutraceuticals, proteins — even cancer therapies. There’s been a rate of progress that would

March 4, 2014 Read Full Article

Fast Swimmers: 10 Algae Technologies, Where Are They in the Race for the Summit?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  … The Summer of Algae has passed, but dozens of companies have remained hot in pursuit of a solution for fuels, feed, nutraceuticals, fragrances, flavorings and

July 23, 2013 Read Full Article

Crazy 8s: Algae’s 8 Crazy-Fast Cores of Innovation

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Who’s behind the 8-ball, the algae optimists or pessimists?   It all comes down to the pace of innovation in 8 cores. … In a recent survey

May 6, 2013 Read Full Article

Monitoring, Diagnostics Tackle Algae Biofuel Pond Crash Problem

(Sandia National Laboratories/Biodiesel Magazine)  Sandia National Laboratories is developing a suite of complementary technologies to help the emerging algae industry detect and quickly recover from algal pond crashes, an obstacle

April 18, 2013 Read Full Article

A Crash of Algae, Bioterrorism and the Future of Biofuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  …You’ve probably seen it, in some way, for years — a local pond seems suddenly crowded with algae — or there’s news of a “red

April 9, 2013 Read Full Article

Bill Russell vs Wilt Chamberlain, the Algae Biofuels Angle

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  …Nature hasn’t (so far) selected algae for long life. Generally, the little one-celled growth factories survive by blooming slightly faster than they get eaten. Making

February 22, 2013 Read Full Article

A.I.M. Interview: Sapphire Energy’s CJ Warner and Tim Zenk

by David Schwartz (Algae Industry Magazine)   … So now that Green Crude Farm is in operation, what’s the current activity there? CJ: We are about to do the next big

October 24, 2012 Read Full Article

Change the World: Sapphire Energy’s Green Crude Farm, Illustrated

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Growing crude oil as a crop – Sapphire Energy and its Green Crude Farm – can it be the sunlight in your universe and change the

October 2, 2012 Read Full Article

In Race to Algae Fuel, Sapphire Scores Point for Open Ponds

Martin Lamonica  (MIT Technology Review)  Sapphire Energy has started operation of its demonstration-scale algae farm, a project which perhaps brings more clarity to an industry debate over the best way

September 7, 2012 Read Full Article

Major Changes in the Algae Production Industry

(National Algae Association/PR Log)  Raceway ponds were never meant to be used for industrial algae production. When the Department of Energy initiated the Aquatic Species Program years ago, there was

September 4, 2012 Read Full Article

NAA Announces Breakthrough in New Algae Production Growing System

(Algae News/National Algae Association)  National Algae Association is pleased to announce a new commercial production growing system has been developed at its test center. The new growing system will eliminate

August 26, 2012 Read Full Article

A.I.M’s Interview: Sapphire Energy’s C.J. Warner and Tim Zenk

by David Schwartz (Algae Industry Magazine)  …C.J. (Warner, Sapphire Energy’s President and Chairman) keynoted at the recent Algal Biomass Summit, attending along with Tim Zenk, Sapphire’s Vice President of Corporate

October 31, 2011 Read Full Article

38 Reasons Algae Will Never Replace Oil

(EnergySkeptic.com)  …  This is a quick summary of the problems with making fuel from algae: Is more energy used to make algae biofuel than is created? (EROEI) 1)  Keep water

October 30, 2011 Read Full Article

Farming for Energy Starts to Gain Ground

by Sonya Kolesnikov-Jessop  (New York Times)  Pahang State in central Malaysia is about to becomehome to the world’s largest commercial farm project producing microalgae for biofuel. The farm will start to

October 28, 2011 Read Full Article

OriginOil Develops Real-Time Control Network for Large Scale Algae Harvesting

(OriginOil)  Sensor array will manage hundreds of interactions critical to large production operations. OriginOil, Inc., the developer of a breakthrough technologyto extract oil from algae and an emerging leader in the

August 10, 2011 Read Full Article

Oozing Biofuel: Algae Could Solve World’s Fuel Crisis

by Von Philip Bethge (Der Spiegel Online)  Genetically modified blue and green algae could be the answer to the world’s fuel problems. Bioengineers have already developed algae that produce ethanol,

August 1, 2011 Read Full Article

The A.I.M. Interview: Martin Sabarsky, Cellana’s CEO

by David Schwartz (Algae Industry Magazine) Martin Sabarsky was promoted to President and CEO of Kona, Hawaii-based Cellana in April of 2011. He now has the challenging and, if all

July 25, 2011 Read Full Article

Cellana's Kona Demonstration Facility and Patented Algae Production Process Showing Promising Results

(Cellana)  Company Is Leveraging Technology Investments to Date of Over $100 Million; Company Is Focused on Government Programs and New Corporate Partnerships; Plan for Maui Commercial Algae Facility on Track

May 4, 2011 Read Full Article

How to Decrease Algae Culture “Crashes”

by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com)  Arizona State University through a $1 million grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is studying the factors involved in algal crop failure known as

April 28, 2011 Read Full Article

A.I.M. Interview: CEHMM's Doug Lynn

(Algae Industry Magazine)  Southeastern New Mexico’s Center of Excellence for Hazardous Materials Management, better known as CEHMM, was established in May of 2004 as a 501(c)(3) organization dedicated to reducing

April 11, 2011 Read Full Article

Economics, Physics Are Roadblocks for Mass-Scale Algae Biodiesel Production, Study Finds

(EurekAlert/Kansas State University)  “Fossil fuels are limited, and since we can’t use more than what Earth offers, a lot of people are looking for alternative fuel sources like algae,” said

April 8, 2011 Read Full Article

Are Genetically Modified Algae a Threat?

by Stephen Lacey (Renewable Energy World)  No one knows. And that’s what scares some people. …Tom Allnut, the senior vice president of R&D at the algae start-up Phycal, believes some of

April 5, 2011 Read Full Article

BARD Moves towards Commercial Algae Production

by Erin Voegele (Biorefining Magazine)    Morrisville, Penn.-based BARD Holdings Inc. recently announced its shift from research and development to the commercialization phase of its algae production technology. According to

March 24, 2011 Read Full Article

OriginOil Announces Breakthrough Innovation to Increase Algae Yield

(OriginOil)  Algae Screen technology protects algae from microscopic predators, integrates with Live Extraction OriginOil, Inc., the developer of breakthrough technology to transform algae, the most promising source of renewable oil, into

March 23, 2011 Read Full Article

A.I.M. Interview: Sapphire Energy’s CEO Dr. Jason Pyle

by David Schwartz   (Algae Industry Magazine)   Dr. Jason Pyle, the high profile CEO at the even more high profile “green crude” developer, Sapphire Energy, holds a Ph.D. in

January 24, 2011 Read Full Article

The Goldilocks Challenge: Getting It ‘Just Right’ at Aurora Algae

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  …Oak Investment venture partner (and now Aurora chairman) Brian Hinman noted that “Aurora Biofuels has made a significant genetic engineering achievement in doubling the productivity

December 12, 2010 Read Full Article

Benefits of GE Guidelines for the Algae Industry

(Algae Industry Magazine)  Algae are an agricultural product and algae producers should consider the Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) guidelines developed in Europe and Asia as well as the US guidelines

November 11, 2010 Read Full Article

A.I.M. Interview: UTEX’s Dr. Jerry Brand

by David Schwartz (Algae Industry Magazine)  Dr. Jerry Brand, a PhD biologist and photosynthesis researcher, began his association with the UTEX Culture Collection of Algae in 1987, when he performed an

November 4, 2010 Read Full Article

Sapphire Energy Poised to Make ’Super Algae’ a Competitive Energy Source

by Bryant Furlow  (New Mexico Independent)  …Sapphire has inserted genes into its algae that alter the hydrocarbons algae normally produce, making it more like petroleum from which jet fuel and

August 10, 2010 Read Full Article

Rosetta Green and Seambiotic to Collaborate for Algal Biofuel

(Algae Industry Magazine)   Rosetta Green, a company specializing in the identification of unique genes in plants and algae for the cleantech and plant biotech industries, and Seambiotic, a company specializing

July 28, 2010 Read Full Article

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Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia geothermal Germany Gerogia Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government subsidies grains grain sorghum/milo grain speculators GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green/black economy green chemistry green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green Racing GREET model Grenada gribble ground nut groundnut growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guinea Gulf states Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP Haiti Halophytes harvesting harvest site processing Hawaii hazardous waste HDCJ health health benefits health effects heat-tolerance heating oil/fuel heat of combustion heat of vaporization hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb HFS-SIP hibiscus High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard high performance regular high school project highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Honge tree nuts Hong Kong hops horse bedding Horse manure horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HOV High Octane Vehicles HRJ human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 Hybrid aircraft hybrids hydrocarbon fuels hydrofaction hydrogen hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen pumps hydropower hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal liquefaction hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois illuppai ILUC (Indirect Land Use Change) import/export inadequate domestic supply incinerator ash India Indiana Indian beech tree Indian grass indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial ethanol industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map internal combustion engine International international balance of payments International Energy Agency (IEA) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species invest Investing investment tax credit ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isooctane isooctene Israel Italy Ivory Coast JA1 JAA jackfruit Jamaica Japan Jatropha Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 Jetfuel (Sustainable Alternative Jetfuel (SAJF)/Renewable Jetfuel (RJF) Jimmy Carter Jobs jojoba Jordan JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 JP-10 juniper jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kamani Kansas Kans grass Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa Kuwait labels Labrador lactose Lake County lamp oil landfill methane Landfills land ownership land rights landscape land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree Lebanon legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis lignin Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars Lipid liquefaction liquidation liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louisiana low carbon emissions low sulfur diesel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg Luxemburg lysis M15 M50 macadamia macauba Macedonia Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine maize Malawi Malaysia Mali mallees Malta mamona management changes mandates manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land Marine/Maritime Biofuel marine algae Marine Corps Marine Gas Oil (MGO) market forces marketing markets/sales market share Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methane/biomethane methane leaks methanol/biomethanol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbe microbiology microorganizms microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molybdenum Monaco mongongo Montana Montenegro morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) muck multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed Myanmar n-butanol Namibia nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Lab National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Transportation Safety Board Native American tribes natural gas Natural Gas Act natural gas input natural gasoline natural gas prices natural gas vehicles Navy Nebraska neem neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick Newfoundland new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory North Korea Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds NREL NTSB nucle nuclear nutraceuticals nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obama Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol off-take agreements Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olive cake olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course oxygen oxygenate ozone p Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama panda pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peaches peak oil peanut peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin pellets Pennsylv Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose perennial grains perennial grasses performan Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests petition pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot scale pine pineapple pine nut pinion pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poland Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyfuel polymer polymerization polysaccharides pomace pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal poster sessions potamogeton potassium potato poultry litter power-to-gas power/electricity generation prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island private educational business process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance propagating propane propanol property insurance protectionism protein protests public comments Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit 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RME180 RNA roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rotation crops royalties RSF2 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda rye Rye grass s saccharification Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago sago pond weed SAIC SAK sales Salicornia salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar sal tree salt water Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Policy Scotland scum sea level rise seashore mallow seawater Seaweed/Macroalgae seaweed cultivation Section 526 Securiti Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale gas shale oil sheep shipping shipping containers shipworm Sierra Leone silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver silver maple simarouba Singapore sisal SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration small engines smokestack soap social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar-to-fuels solar biofuels solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solid oxide fuel cell Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota Southeast Asia Southern Africa South Korea South Pacific South Sudan Soviet Union SOx (Sulfur oxides) soy soybean prices soybeans soy meal Spain spartina specifications sprawl spruce Sri Lanka Stakeholders standards start-up State State Department Statistics steam explosion steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve straw students sub-Saharan Africa succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar sugar-to-farnesane sugar-to-jetfuel Sugar Beets/Energy Beets sugar cane sugar cane prices sugar cane straw Sugar kelp sugar palm sugar platform sugar prices sugars sugars-to-fats sugar standards sulfur Sumatra sunflower supercritical fluid supercritical hydrolysis supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Suriname Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweetgum sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum Switchgrass Switzerland sycamore syngas syngas fermentation synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic methane Syria Tailoring Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall fescue tall oil tallow tallow tree Tamarix tank cars tankers tanker trucks Tanzania tariffs taro tar sands Tasmania tax benefit tax cred tax credit taxes tax incentives tax parity tax policy tea teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training technical course technology transfer tech transfer telephone utility poles Tennesee Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft 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