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Iran’s 1st Bioethanol Plant Complete by 85%

(Islamic Republic News Agency) The construction of Iran’s first bioethanol plant has made 85% progress, according to Deputy Minister of Industry, Mine, and Trade. Once completed, the plant which is the biggest of its kind in the region, will save Iran some $65 million a year, Ali Nabavi said.   He

June 23, 2022 Read Full Article

South Korean-Flagged Tanker Seized by Iran, Seoul Demands Release

by Parisa Hafezi, Hyonhee Shin  (Reuters)  Iran’s Revolutionary Guards Corps seized a South Korean-flagged tanker in Gulf waters and detained its crew, Iranian media said on Monday, amid tensions between Tehran and Seoul over Iranian funds frozen in South Korean banks due to U.S. sanctions. … “According to initial reports

January 4, 2021 Read Full Article

Biden Energy Plan May Be More Similar to Trump Policy than Expected

by Patti Domm (CNBC) • Former Vice President Joe Biden may have greener goals for U.S. energy, but he will not end or sharply curtail oil and gas fracking, energy experts concur.  • His $2 trillion plan would encourage investment in infrastructure, electric vehicles, renewable energy, efficient buildings and in

November 3, 2020 Read Full Article

Crude Oil: Has the United States Really Achieved Independence?

by Scott Richman (Renewable Fuels Association) The recent conflict with Iran and its proxies in Iraq has served as a reminder of the enduring potential for geopolitical risk to unsettle petroleum markets – not just globally but also in the U.S.  While the U.S. has become significantly more energy-secure over the

January 13, 2020 Read Full Article

Producer Says Middle East Tension Shows Why U.S. Should Focus on Ethanol

by Larry Lee (Brownfield Ag News) An ethanol producer says events in the Middle East are again showing why home-grown renewable fuel is good for America.  Erik Huschitt with Badger State Ethanol of Monroe, Wisconsin tells Brownfield the sudden rise in crude oil prices after a U.S. military strike in Iran

January 6, 2020 Read Full Article

In Wake of Saudi Attacks, Ethanol Can Help Provide Real Energy Security

(Renewable Fuels Association) Drone attacks Saturday in Saudi Arabia destroyed oil fields and caused a record spike in oil prices overnight, again calling into question claims that increased U.S. oil production has made America energy independent. The following is a statement from Renewable Fuels Association President and CEO Geoff Cooper: “The

September 16, 2019 Read Full Article

Biodiesel Curbs 160,000 kg of Carbon Emissions

(Tehran Times)  The first phase of the scheme on using biodiesel in Tehran bus transport fleet which was piloted some three years ago, has resulted in reduction of carbon emissions by 160,000 kilograms, Mehr news agency reported on Saturday.  The second phase of the scheme will soon go into effect, which is

July 9, 2019 Read Full Article

Ed Lotterman: Oil Prices, War, and a Bad Corn Crop

by Ed Lotterman (Bismarck Tribune)  Unless National Security Adviser John Bolton and Secretary of State Mike Pompeo manage to gin up a war with Iran, the terrible crop conditions across much of the Midwest this year means that some fuel ethanol distillers will be shutting down operations. Quibbles about the

July 1, 2019 Read Full Article

Biobased Credit Cards, Useful Products from Diapers, Chicken-Fat Biodiesel, Mobile-Based Precision Ag, Biodegradable Insulation, Soy Synth Meat, Algae-Based Straws: The Digest’s Top 10 Innovations for the week of November 1st

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The pace of bioeconomy invention and change continues at a frenetic pace. Here are the top innovations for the week of November 1st In today’s Digest, biobased credit cards, useful products from diapers, chicken-fat biodiesel, mobile-based precision ag, biodegradable insualtion, soy synth meat, algae-based straws —

November 2, 2018 Read Full Article

Iranian Researchers Use Chicken Fat to Produce Biodiesel

(Iran Front Page)  A group of Iranian researchers have developed the knowhow to produce biodiesel out of chicken fat. … In a laboratory project, Iranian researchers managed to carry out nanocatalysis-based synthesis which makes it possible to turn chicken fat into biodiesel. … “In recent years, researchers working in this field have

October 25, 2018 Read Full Article

Saudi Arabia Shows Need to End Addiction to Middle Eastern Oil

by Jim Talent (The Hill/Americans for Energy Security and Innovation)  Following the mysterious death of columnist Jamal Khashoggi, Washington was hit with a stark reminder that America remains glaringly vulnerable to economic threats from the oil oligarchs of the world. Saudi Arabia quickly issued a warning that any sanctions will be met with

October 24, 2018 Read Full Article

Oil’s Well?

by Kelsey Tamborrino (Poltico’s Morning Energy) Does the world have enough oil to go around if 2.5 million barrels of Iranian petroleum is put behind a wall of U.S. sanctions? That’s the questions oil traders are trying to answer after the Trump administration said it would be resuming sanctions on

August 7, 2018 Read Full Article

Iran to Trump: Oil Will Cost $100 per Barrel, and It Is Your Fault

by Alex Lawler (Reuters)  Oil will soon cost $100 per barrel due to supply disruptions caused by U.S. President Donald Trump, Iran’s OPEC Governor told Reuters on Thursday, as he warned expectations that Saudi Arabia and Russia would help bring down prices were in vain. Trump again accused the Organization of

July 6, 2018 Read Full Article

India-Iran Proposals for Joint Research Projects into Biofuels, Waste and Agriculture

(Biofuels International)  The governments are calling for cooperative research into subjects including cellulosic biofuel, management of waste resources, crop productivity and transgenetic crops. According to the Iranian Ministry of Science Research and Technology, the goal of the programme is to strengthen ties between national scientific communities and to promote the findings of

January 24, 2018 0 comment Read Full Article

Techno-Economic Analysis of Biofuel Production from Macroalgae (Seaweed)

by Mohsen Soleymani and Kurt A. Rosentrater (Bioengineering)  A techno-economic evaluation of bioenergy production from macroalgae was carried out in this study. Six different scenarios were examined for the production of different energy products and by-products. Seaweed was produced either via the longline method or the grid method. Final products of

November 28, 2017 Read Full Article

OPEC Will Extend The Cut

by Zainab Calcuttawala (OilPrice.com)  There will be an OPEC deal extension—no matter the public tussling between opposing forces in the industry cartel—if the world’s largest oil producers are really determined to end the supply glut. A failure to agree on the market remediation would cause oil prices to plummet immediately, forfeiting

November 27, 2017 0 comment Read Full Article

Tehran City Buses to Run on Biodiesel

(Tehran Times)  … About 300 diesel buses are running in Tehran and 20 buses are now running on biodiesel, he (Peyman Sanandaji, the director of Tehran bus transport company affiliated with the municipality) added. …  It has proven a reliable and effective fuel for transport fleet and buildings and has helped

October 24, 2017 Read Full Article

Italy to Invest $450m in Biofuel Project in Iran

(Tehran Times)  The Italian private sector will invest $450 million in the establishment of a bioethanol fuel production plant in the Amirabad Special Economic Zone (ASEZ), north of Iran. … As per the agreement, biofuel will be produced from inedible wheat, he added.  …  Some one million tons of wheat

August 3, 2016 Read Full Article

AP Interview: Corruption Probe Holds Lessons for Monaco

by Angela Charlton (Associated Press/Washington Post)  Monaco’s government says it’s investigating how an alleged vast oil corruption scandal involving a Monaco-based company long went unnoticed, even though the principality has opened up its financial sector and cracked down on tax dodging. Monaco police carried out several raids and detained executives

April 1, 2016 Read Full Article

Biodiesel in a Caustic Flash

(AlphaGalileo.org)  Biodiesel represents a potentially cleaner and more sustainable fuel than those derived from crude oil. Now, scientists have developed a high-speed conversion that turns waste cooking oil into fuel using ultrasound and caustic soda. Details are reported in the International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Technology. Ehsan Khosravi,

February 29, 2016 Read Full Article

To Have and Have Not: Energy Security vs Energy Independence in a World Awash in Cheap Oil

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The following slides and comments are excerpted and expanded from remarks by Digest editor & publisher Jim Lane at the Energy Security Breakfast at ABLC 2016, held last week in Washington. The premise I’d like to explore today is a simple one to describe, and

February 24, 2016 Read Full Article

Mixed-Growth Microalgae Starch for Biodiesel

(Algae Industry Magazine)  The MEHR News Agency reports that two Iranian researchers, Morteza Hassanpour and Mahsa Abbasabadi, are pursuing a project to enrich starch-producing microalgae in a mixed growth medium for manufacturing biodiesel fuel. The starch stored in microalgae is the basic substance for the fermentation process in producing bioethanol and

February 8, 2016 Read Full Article

Oil Rout Threatens to Scupper Demand for Palm Oil in Biofuel

by Anuradha Raghu and Yoga Rusmana  (Bloomberg Business)  Crude oil’s slump has been so severe that it’s now threatening the government-aided biodiesel programs in the world’s top producers of palm oil. Indonesia may miss its target of raising blending to 20 percent if crude stays below $30 a barrel, according to

January 19, 2016 Read Full Article

Why Oil Is Cheap in October 2015 (Part 1 of 2)

by Robert E. Kozak* (Advanced Biofuels USA) Conventional wisdom about declining oil prices, mostly originating from US Department of Energy/Energy Information Administration (DOE/EIA), says the fall of oil prices over the past fifteen months is simply a result of an increase in oil supply, mostly from Saudi Arabia. As is

October 27, 2015 0 comment Read Full Article

A Biorefinery Approach for Castor Biodiesel — Whole Plant Used for 100% Renewable Biodiesel

by Helen Tunnicliffe (The Chemical Engineer Today)  Chemical engineers from Iran have found a way to produce biodiesel from castor oil without the need for extra petrochemical methanol, using a biorefinery set-up. Producing biodiesel from vegetable oils is not completely renewable, as the standard transesterification process requires the use of

September 30, 2015 Read Full Article

Iran Researchers Make Biodiesel from Weed

(Press TV)  Iranian researchers have produced biodiesel from the flixweed crop as a potential renewable energy substitute for non-renewable fossil fuels. Under a project to deliver a new generation of green transport fuel, researches at the Islamic Azad University produced 2 liters of biomass with a capacity to turn into a

August 10, 2015 Read Full Article

Top 6 Myths Driving Oil Prices Down

by By Leonard Brecken (OilPrice.com)  … Earlier in the year I documented half a dozen media reports which turned out to be 100 percent false. Now I expose another half dozen in just the past few weeks. Prices remain unchanged as a result of the largest drop in production in a year,

August 4, 2015 Read Full Article

Iran’s Algiran Teams with Indian Scientist

(Algae Industry Magazine)  lgiran, an Iranian algal biotech company, has recently established a pilot scale algal cultivation demonstration facility at the Chabahar Free Zone, in the Baluchistan Province of Iran. … … The team is looking at products like beta carotene and dried algal biomass with high calorific value, as

July 20, 2015 Read Full Article

Iranian Scientists Synthesize Biodiesel Fuel from Soya Oil Using Nanocatalysts

(Fars News)  Iranian researchers from Ferdowsi University of Mashhad succeeded in the production of biodiesel fuel from soya oil to reduce pollutions caused by fossil fuels.  They have suggested a nanocatalyst that facilitates and speeds up the synthesis process. … The production of biodiesel fuel with homogenous catalyst has so

January 5, 2015 Read Full Article

QMAB Launches BAYA® Microalgal Biofuel

(Algae Industry Magazine)  ran-based Qeshm Microalgae Biorefinery Co. (QMAB) has launched a biofuel being marketed as BAYA®, produced from a species of Nannochloropsis (strain 6016) isolated from the Persian Gulf, and employing QMAB’s unique process of scaled up cultivation and biofuel production. … The seawater’s salinity ranges from 35 to

November 17, 2014 Read Full Article

Biodiesel Production Plant Opens in Central Iran

(Press TV)  Iran has inaugurated a biodiesel production plant in the central province of Isfahan as the country attempts to increase reliance on environment-friendly fuels. … The Tiran and Karvan plant has been built at the cost of over USD12 million.   READ MORE

March 1, 2013 Read Full Article

IKCO Adapts Engines for Ethanol

(AMEInfo.com)  A mutual collaboration between IKCO (Iran Khodro) and Bio-energy Research Center of Tarbiat Modares University, has provided the ability of using ethanol in IKCO cars. Mehrdad Elyasi, design manager of powertrain and control systems in IKCO R&D center said that in order to comply with environmental standards, IKCO intends to

January 1, 2013 Read Full Article

Iran Plans to Produce Biodiesel

(FARS News Agency)  Head of Iran’s Fuel Conservation Company (IFCO) Abbas Kazzemi announced that his company has set up a specialized workgroup in cooperation with Ministry of Agricultural Jihad to produce biodiesel. …”With regard to increasing the number of diesel vehicles in the country, widespread programs have been defined for

December 27, 2012 Read Full Article

Iran to Start Making Bio-Ethanol from Cellulose Material

(Payvand Iran News) Iran will start producing industrial bio-ethanol from cellulosic material soon. Bio-ethanol can be used as petrol supplementary and it will increase the octane number of petrol as it is added to the fuel. It will lead to the decrease of greenhouse fuel production. Bio-ethanol will be manufactured from cellulose material including wood,

May 21, 2012 Read Full Article

Iran Becomes Biofuel Producer

(Trend)  …Iran produced a sample of biofuel six months ago and is preparing to start its production. Located in the Khuzestan Province’s Haft-Tapeh, a new 10,000 liter capacity biofuel facility will begin operating in the near future. Iran’s biofuel, or bioethanol, is to come from the 12 million tons of

March 27, 2012 Read Full Article

Iran Produces Biodiesel Fuel

(Trend)  Iranian experts and scientists for the first time managed to produce biodiesel fuel using the oil extracted from Jatropha curcas plant cultivated in Southern Iran, FARS news agency reported. “Iran could produce biodiesel fuel through extracting oil from Jatropha plant which was grown in Bandar Abbas in a pilot

February 21, 2011 Read Full Article

14.4 Mgy Iranian Ethanol Project Advances

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Iran, IranOilGas.com reports that Iran Ethanol is underway with construction at its 14.4 Mgy ethanol plant in Khuzestan province, which could be used as a big potential source of energy.   READ MORE  and MORE

August 23, 2010 Read Full Article

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policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources forestry Forest Service forklifts fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) free fatty acids (FFA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium games gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasificatio gasification gasoline gasoline-range hydrocarbons gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gas prices gas tax/highway user fee Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo gliricidia sepium global warming glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grains grain sorghum/milo grain speculators GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grease Great Green Fleet Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy Green Jobs Greenland Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana gypsum Haiti Halophytes harvesting harvest site processing Hawai'i hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ health health benefits health effects heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel heat of combustion heat of vaporization Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras Honge tree nuts Hong Kong horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO20 HVO100 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrids Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrocarbon fuels hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen hydrogen aircraft hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogenolysis hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps hydrogen terminal hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export India Indiana Indian grass indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesi Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine internal combustion engine/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA Jamaica Japan jatobá Jatropha Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 JP-10 Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education kalanchoe kamani Kansas Kans grass Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid Lake County lamp oil landfill methane Landfills land ownership land prices land rights landscape land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna Lesotho lesquerella leucaena Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logist logistics long-term contracts Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg M3 M15 M100 macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona mandate mandates manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maps marginal land Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Gas Oil (MGO) market forces marketing markets/sales market share Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute Massachusetts mass balance standard Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritius meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methan methanation methane/ methane/biomethane methane leaks methani 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substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Environmental Policy Act National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Native American tribes natural g natural gas natural gas input natural gasoline natural gas prices natural gas vehicles Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherland Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand next generation biofuels next generation vehicles Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakora North Dakota Northeast Northern Ireland Northern Territory North Korea Northwest Territories Norway Noth Dakota Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil/gas terminals oil embargo oil exploration oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil ref oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree peaches peach shell peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot pilot scale pine pineapple pine beetle pine needles pine nut pipelines PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid 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Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED/RED II/RED III) Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBO) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) renewable volume obligation (RVO) RenovaBio replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program repurpose research and development research facility resiliency retail retrofit return on investment R Factor RFI (Request for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island rhododendron Ricardo rice rice bran rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw/paddy straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia rutabaga Rwanda rye Rye grass s saccharification saf SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower SAF pipeline sago pond weed SAIC SAK Salicornia salt-tolerant saltbush salt water Sanctions Santa Monica Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science 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