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International Aviation Climate Ambition Coalition COP26 Declaration

(UN Climate Change Conference 2021 UK) We, the ministers and representatives of states, participating in the inaugural meeting of the International Aviation Climate Ambition Coalition at the 26th Conference of the Parties (COP26) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, in Glasgow this 10 November 2021. Being both parties

November 11, 2021 Read Full Article

U.S. Agrees to End Fossil Fuel Financing Abroad

by Sara Schonhardt (E&E News) The United States committed today with other countries to stop financing fossil fuel projects abroad by the end of next year, in a seismic shift that could stem the construction of natural gas and oil facilities in lower-income nations. The pledge, announced at the global climate

November 4, 2021 Read Full Article

Trash and Burn: Big Brands Stoke Cement Kilns with Plastic Waste as Recycling Falters

by Joe Brock, Yuddy Cahya Budiman, John Geddie and Valerie Volcovici  (Reuters) Consumer goods giants are funding projects to send plastic trash to cement plants, where it is burned as cheap energy. They’re touting it as a way to keep plastic out of dumps and use less fossil fuel. Critics

October 29, 2021 Read Full Article

Aeromexico Recognizes International Day of Climate Action with SAF

(Aeromexico/Biobased Diesel Daily) As part of the International Day of Climate Action Oct. 24, Aeromexico operated its first flights between the U.S. and Mexico with sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), reducing 27 tons of CO2 emissions, equivalent to making more than 3,800 cars zero-emission for one day in Mexico City. The flights

October 27, 2021 Read Full Article

USGC: Higher Ethanol Blends Can Benefit Latin America

(U.S. Grains Council/Ethanol Producer Magazine) The United States has continued to share its experience with E15 usage with other nations as they move toward higher blend options. For Latin America, the U.S. Grains Council continues to encourage increased ethanol blend levels by emphasizing environmental, octane enhancement and cost-reduction benefits. “E15 is

September 10, 2021 Read Full Article

Denmark, Costa Rica Seek Alliance to Speed up the End of Oil and Gas

by Kate Abnett and Stine Jacobsen (Reuters) Denmark and Costa Rica are trying to forge an alliance of countries willing to fix a date to phase out oil and gas production and to stop giving permits for new exploration, government ministers said and documents showed. Burning fossil fuels is the main

August 26, 2021 Read Full Article

The Digest’s Biofuels Mandates Around the World 2021

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In Florida, the Digest today releases its annual review of biofuels mandates and targets around the world, looking at the state of biofuels mandates in 65 countries. Get the latest up to the minute new information on the Canada Clean Fuels Standard as well as a

January 8, 2021 Read Full Article

Op-Ed: Treat Fossil Fuels Like Nukes. Endorse a New Nonproliferation Treaty

by Jacques Leslie (Los Angeles Times)  The Los Angeles City Council is poised to endorse a call for a global Fossil Fuel Non-Proliferation Treaty. … Signatory governments would agree to stop further expansion of the fossil fuel industry within their boundaries. … The treaty addresses a nearly universal failing of climate change

January 5, 2021 Read Full Article

Transatlantic Trade-Offs: Europe Faces a Potential Flood of Imports

by Emmanuel Desplechin (ePURE/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The recent U.S. presidential election has spurred a lot of talk about what the new administration will mean for the transatlantic trade relationship after four years of on again, off again tariff wars. … Europe faces a potential flood of imports from countries that

December 30, 2020 Read Full Article

From Americas to EU, Asia, Africa, Who’s Got What?: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Biofuel Mandates Around the World 2020

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Today, biobased mandates around the world. Where are the markets you can count on, how much can you count on? 65 countries in all, We’ll be focusing especially on new information out of Argentina, Brazil, Britain after Brexit, Canada, the European Union, China, India, Indonesia,

September 7, 2020 Read Full Article

Indonesia Picks Up Allies In WTO Palm Fight

(Palm Oil Monitor)  Indonesia has picked up a number of allies in its battle with the EU over the bloc’s ban of palm oil in its renewable energy scheme. An additional 18 countries have reserved their rights to participate in the proceedings as third parties. These include palm producers Malaysia, Thailand, Guatemala,

August 11, 2020 Read Full Article

Recope Plans to Sell Super Gasoline with 8% Ethanol Starting in June

by Rico  (Q Costa Rica)  Recope will resume initiative 10 months after it was postponed by the Government due to user doubts and lack of information  —  After nine failed attempts, the Refinadora Costarricense de Petróleo (Recope) – the State gasoline distributor – will resume this year the idea of

January 23, 2020 Read Full Article

The Digest’s Biofuels Mandates Around the World 2020

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) 64 countries have targets or mandates – but how much where, and when, and what?  Besides the EU, the major blending mandates that will drive global demand are those set in the US, China and Brazil – each of which has set targets – or, in

January 2, 2020 Read Full Article

USGC Team Explores Ethanol Potential for Latin America U.S. Grains Council

(U.S. Grains Council/Farm Forum)  … This goal of enabling expanded conversations on ethanol blending is why the U.S. Grains Council (USGC) organized a trade team in July to connect representatives from national refineries, ministries of energy and other key stakeholders in Latin America with U.S. refiners currently blending ethanol with

August 12, 2019 Read Full Article

Recope’s Plan For Ethanol Faces Appeals And Objection From Politicians

by Rico (Q Costa Rica)  Five appeals have been filed with the Constitutional Court, while opposition party calls for accounts  —  The plan by the State refinery RECOPE to replace super gasoline with an ethanol mix called Eco95 starting at the end of May faces appeals before the Constitutional Court or Sala IV and

April 9, 2019 Read Full Article

Decision to Mix Gasoline with Ethanol Goes Ahead

(MENAFN – The Costa Rica News)  The Government is moving forward in its proposal to mix super and regular gasoline with ethanol (gasohol) and place it on the market the current year. The environment minister (Minae) Carlos Manuel Rodríguez said that they are making adjustments before making the mix available. “The

February 27, 2019 Read Full Article

Biofuels Mandates around the World 2019

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Florida, the Digest today (January 1, 2019) releases its annual review of biofuels mandates and targets around the world, looking at the state of biofuels mandates in 65 countries. The bulk of mandates continue to come from the EU-27, where the Renewable Energy Directive (RED)

January 2, 2019 Read Full Article

Costa Rica’s State Refinery Will Start Mixing Gasoline with Ethanol as of May 2019

by Laura Alvarado  (Costa Rica Star) Costa Rica’s state refinery, RECOPE, announced they will be mixing the “super” gasoline with ethanol as of May 2019. According to Alejandro Muñoz, president of RECOPE, the plan is to include a 10% of alcohol per liter of super gas; at a later date, the

November 21, 2018 Read Full Article

USGC: Ethanol Summit Sparks Engagement on Ethanol Policy

(U.S. Grains Council/Ethanol Producer Magazine)  ..Countries shared their experiences with implementing biofuels policy and discussed how best to support the development and implementation of ethanol policies with a role for trade. Recognized scientists and ethanol experts demonstrated how ethanol use in transportation fuels improves air quality, extends the current fuel

October 15, 2018 Read Full Article

Chinese Ethanol Buyers Turn to Central, South America for Arbitrage Supply

by Christina Siantar (Platts)  Chinese ethanol buyers are turning to Central and South America for arbitrage supply, after Beijing’s imposition of additional 15% import tax on US ethanol has priced US cargoes out of the Chinese market. A Chinese oil refiner has bought 16,000-17,000 mt of fuel ethanol from Costa Rica this week, for

May 30, 2018 Read Full Article

Biofuels Mandates Around the World 2018

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Florida, the Digest today releases its annual review of biofuels mandates and targets around the world, looking at the state of biofuels mandates in 65 countries. The bulk of mandates continue to come from the EU-27, where the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) once specified a

January 2, 2018 Read Full Article

Leaders Across the Americas Vow to “Make the Planet Great Again” by Establishing a Price on Carbon

by Waldo del Bosque (EcoSystem Marketplace)  The United States may have withdrawn from the Paris Climate Agreement, but national and regional leaders from across the Americas have vowed to “Make the Planet Great Again” by embracing a price on carbon at the One Planet Summit in Paris. Two years to the

December 13, 2017 Read Full Article

KLM and Costa Rica Start Unique Cooperation to Make Aviation More Sustainable

(KLM) The Costa Rican government and KLM have joined hands to combat carbon dioxide emissions. Over the coming months, they will research the possibilities of flying from San Jose using bio-based jet fuel. Right now, sustainable aviation fuel is the most effective way to reduce CO2 emissions and, in so doing,

November 7, 2017 Read Full Article

Industry Teams Learn About U.S. Ethanol Value Chain Firsthand

(U.S. Grains Council)  Three ethanol trade teams consisting of ministry and industry delegates traversed the U.S. ethanol value chain from the field to the pump ahead of the Ethanol Summit of the Americas. The three teams included representatives from 12 countries that explored the U.S. ethanol industry in Missouri, South Dakota

October 29, 2017 Read Full Article

Costa Rican Researchers Use Coffee Waste to Brew Biofuel

(Xinhua)  Costa Rican researchers have found a way to turn coffee waste into electric energy, the University of Costa Rica (UCR) announced on Wednesday (June 28, 2017). The process also prevents ozone-depleting greenhouse gases, such as methane, from entering the atmosphere by capturing the gases emitted by decomposing coffee waste

August 14, 2017 Read Full Article

Global Survival at a Crossroads

by Larry R. Knight* (Reciclaje Pura Vida for Advanced Biofuels USA) There are those who would argue that global warming is not occurring.  While the evidence suggests otherwise, it would be political and intellectual suicide to argue that our global population is not outgrowing the neighborhood.  In the process, the availability

April 12, 2017 Read Full Article

Biofuels Mandates Around the World 2017

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In Florida, the Digest today releases its annual review of biofuels mandates and targets around the world, looking at the state of biofuels mandates in 64 countries. The bulk of mandates continue to come from the EU-27, where the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) specified a 10

December 29, 2016 Read Full Article

Costa Ricans Seeking to Produce Biodiesel from Whey

(Revista Summa (Google Translation)) In order to generate an alternative and friendly fuel with the environment, a group of graduates biotechnologists Technology of Costa Rica (TEC) is, for four years, conducting research with whey and its transformation potential in biodiesel. This entrepreneurial project is called Cibus 3.0 and the professionals who

November 25, 2016 Read Full Article

Accepting Applications for 2017 Borlaug Global Research Alliance Fellowships

(US Department of Agriculture)  The U.S. Department of Agriculture is now accepting applications for the 2017 Borlaug Global Research Alliance Fellowships. Fellows will work with a mentor at USDA’s Agricultural Research Service or a U.S. university for up to 12 weeks on climate change mitigation research. The U.S. mentor will

October 21, 2016 Read Full Article

Entrepreneur Makes Hemp-Based Fuel in Costa Rica

by Elizabeth Lang (Tico Times)  Transforming hemp into the surfboard beneath your feet or the plane that takes you skyward: That’s the mission of the Canadian company Hempearth, which has made Costa Rica a key player in its operations. Hemp is the non-psychoactive variety of the Cannabis sativa plant, and

July 19, 2016 Read Full Article

Biofuels Mandates Around the World: 2016

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Who mandates what in biofuels? 64 countries have targets or mandates — but how much where, and when, and what? In Florida, the Digest today releases its annual review of biofuels mandates and targets around the world, looking at the state of biofuels mandates in 64

January 4, 2016 Read Full Article

Biofuels Mandates Around the World: 2015

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Who mandates what in biofuels? 64 countries have targets or mandates — but how much where, and when, and what?  In Florida, the Digest today releases its annual review of biofuels mandates and targets around the world, looking at the state of biofuels mandates in

January 5, 2015 Read Full Article

Biofuels Mandates Around the World: 2014

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Florida, the Digest today releases its annual review of biofuels mandates and targets around the world, looking at the state of biofuels mandates in 62 countries. The bulk of mandates continue to come from the EU-27, where the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) specified a

January 2, 2014 Read Full Article

AFAI Initiates 3-Phase Trial Production Run of Jatropha Biodiesel

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  Alternative Fuels Americas Inc. announced it is beginning a three-phase trial production run of jatropha-based biodiesel to verify its processes and procedures. The jatropha oil feedstock for biodiesel production in Phase 1 will come from AFAI’s plantation in Tempate, Costa Rica. The biodiesel produced will

December 16, 2013 Read Full Article

Alternative Fuels Americas Initiates Jatropha Based Biofuel Production Trials

(Sacrament Bee)/PR NewsWire)    Alternative Fuels Americas, Inc. (OTCQB: AFAI) announced today that it has initiated trial production runs of Jatropha based biodiesel to verify the Company’s processes and procedures. The trial production runs will be conducted in 3 phases, the first of which is set to begin immediately. The

December 11, 2013 Read Full Article

Alternative Fuels Americas' Planned $20+ Million Annual Biofuel Operation Advanced by 150 Supply Contracts

(PR NewsWire/Alternative Fuels America)  Alternative Fuels Americas, Inc. (OTCQB: AFAI), an advanced biofuels company, confirmed the extension of 150 agreements with private landowners in Costa Rica, providing immediate access to sufficient raw material for up to 2 million gallons of biodiesel annually and accelerating the timeline to revenue. At full capacity

December 5, 2013 Read Full Article

Alternative Fuels Americas Successfully Concludes Biodiesel Research Trials, Moves Towards Production

(Alternative Fuels Americas/PR NewsWire)  Alternative Fuels Americas, Inc. (AFAI) announced today (May 22, 2013) that it has successfully completed research trials targeting Jatropha trees as a feedstock source for profitably produced, sustainable biodiesel, and is moving to establish above ground oil fields in Central America as a staged entry into a market

May 28, 2013 Read Full Article

Biofuels Mandates Around the World: 2012

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Brazil, India, the US, China and the EU point the way towards a 60 billion gallon biofuels market by 2022 – but can the capacity be built, and can the mandates survive pressure from opponents? In Florida, the Digest today releases its annual review of

November 28, 2012 Read Full Article
  2012 United Biofuels of America Sustainable Energy Conference November 7-10 Costa Rica

2012 United Biofuels of America Sustainable Energy Conference November 7-10 Costa Rica

Planned Topics Addressed Jatropha Market Potential Opportunities for achieving commercial success of jatropha production Production costs and environmental impacts Oil characteristics Latest status of research and development Plantation & Cultivation (Jatropha and other feedstocks) Improving plantation methods and productivity yields New systems of pruning to increase production Social & economic

August 28, 2012 Read Full Article

The Future of Costa Rica: Leading Biofuel Production

(The Costa Rica News)  …Blame it on increased awareness of climate change or on the fact that humans have found this new appreciation for nature but biofuel production is the newest craze to hit Costa Rica! Renewable Energy Farms are by no means a new concept, what is new however,

February 1, 2012 Read Full Article

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feedstock material feedstock prices Feedstocks feedstock storage feedstock transportation fermentation ferr ferry fertilizer F Factor fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch/FT Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax Fleets fleet turnover fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) Flightpath flight tests flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources forestry Forest Service fossil carbon fossil fuel fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) free fatty acids (FFA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon Gambia gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline-range hydrocarbons gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gas prices gas tax/highway user fee General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government subsidies grains grain sorghum/milo grain speculators GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green/black economy green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery GREET model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP h Haiti Halophytes harvesting harvest site processing Hawai'i hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ health health benefits health effects heat-tolerance heating oil/fuel heat of combustion heat of vaporization Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Honge tree nuts Hong Kong hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 Hybrid aircraft hybrids Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrocarbon fuels hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen hydrogen aircraft hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogen fuel cells hydrogenolysis hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indiana Indian beech tree Indian grass indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial ethanol industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine internal combustion engine/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs jojoba Jordan JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 JP-10 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kansas Kans grass Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactose Lake County lamp oil landfill methane Landfills land ownership land prices land rights landscape land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquidation liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louisiana low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M3 M15 M50 M100 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Gas Oil (MGO) market forces marketing markets/sales market share Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute Massachusetts mass balance standard Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methan methanation methane/biomethane methane leaks methanization Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methanol fuel cells methanol price Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National 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weeds nuclear Nunavut nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil/gas terminals oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru 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