Biodiesel Taking a Bite out of Emissions in the Big Apple

by Tom Slunecka (Biodiesel Magazine/Minnesota Soybean Research & Promotion Council) ... For those of us old enough to remember the 1970s (I thought I’d never be old enough to write that), America’s cities often fought a losing, or possibly lukewarm, battle against air pollution. The images of smog and black air rising from smokestacks could describe any number of major metropolitan areas in that decade. Many may recall the public service announcements during Saturday cartoons of the “Keep American Beautiful” campaign during this time.

Fast forward four decades, and New York City is touting the cleanest air in 50 years. According to the Mayor’s Office on Sustainability and the Mayor’s Office of Recovery and Resiliency, the city has experienced a 19 percent reduction in carbon emissions since 2005, on track to reaching an 80 percent reduction by 2050. Many give credit to the city’s Clean Heat program, which pushed for a phasing out of the more heavily polluting heating oils. A 2013 report by the city found the cleaner air prevented 800 deaths and led to 2,000 fewer emergency room visits and hospitalizations from lung problems, compared with 2008.

New York City Councilman Costa Constantinides is a leading biodiesel proponent, pushing the city to raise the fuel standards from B2, or 2 percent biodiesel, to B5 for non-city vehicles. Several government agencies, including the New York Department of Sanitation, the New Jersey and New York Port Authority and the NYC Department of Parks & Recreation already run on blends of B5 up to B20.

New York City has been a trailblazer in its approach to improving air quality. The city blends biodiesel with its standard heating fuel to create Bioheat for its buildings. They have a citywide fuel standard of B2, which will likely increase to B5 in 2016, and they are piloting a program to have all city ferries run on B5. The New York Port Authority runs B20 year around, and they have different city fleets running higher blends of biodiesel.

One thing where we both could find agreement: the move to B100 to heat NRDC’s building has been an unqualified success.

The NRDC facilities manager was a tad skeptical at first, but testing made him a believer. He reported that there were zero fumes in the basement, and regular maintenance showed that the NRDC boiler went from 12-15 pounds of carbon soot to approximately two. Additional tests shined a light on the differences between standard diesel and biodiesel, a significant comparison regarding the burning efficiency. With No. 2 diesel, the NRDC boiler had an 86 percent efficiency rating when burned on a low flame, and an 87 percent efficiency rating when burned on a high flame. With biodiesel, the burner has a 90 percent efficiency rating on the low flame and a 93 percent efficiency rating on the high flame.

The advantages of Bioheat are clear, as it offers a safe and more complete energy-efficient burn, it is a renewable energy source that reduces emissions and is biodegradable, it may actually extend equipment life and reduce periodic maintenance intervals, and Bioheat reduces dependence on foreign oil and creates jobs in the U.S. READ MORE