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Fueling the “Balance” A Defense Energy Strategy Primer

by Jerry Warner and P.W. Singer (Brookings Institution)  … Underlying this effort are two complementary objectives. First, a significant percentage of the overall reduction in baseline energy will come from

August 31, 2009 Read Full Article

Fueling Our Security: The Need for a Defense Energy Strategy

by Peter W. Singer (The Washington Examiner)  … Our Department of Defense is the largest consumer of energy not just in America, but the world. It burns more petroleum in

August 31, 2009 Read Full Article

Algae Biofuels Economic Viability: A Project-Based Perspective

by Jeff H. Hassannia  (Diversified Energy Corporation)  … Instead of forecasting the likely costs for capital and O&M for a given architecture and its reported yield, let’s assess what a project

August 30, 2009 Read Full Article

Ethanol Race Fuel – Why Ethanol? Because It Will Save You Money With No Performance Loss

By Rob Fisher, Forrest Jehlik   (Circle Track)     Shortly after the first installment of Circle Track’s Project G.R.E.E.N. hit the newsstand it became apparent that the project had a multitude of different

August 30, 2009 Read Full Article

Native Hawaiian Owned Company To Invest $200 Million in Vietnam Ethanol Plants

(FullOn Holdings, Inc./MMD Newswire)  Richard Kamahele Figueroa, President and CEO of FullOn Holdings, Inc., a Native Hawaiian owned company, announed today that its Honolulu based division, Golden State Biofuels, has

August 30, 2009 Read Full Article

The Rise of Biofuels from Algae

(ClearSkies.com)  Clean Skies News Dipka Bhambhani reports on the rise of biofuels from algae as part of the nation’s energy portfolio.  WATCH VIDEO

August 30, 2009 Read Full Article

Rethinking the Value of Corn Ethanol Co-Products in Lifecycle Assessments

by Dave Vander Griend (Ethanol Across America)  …As commodity prices have returned closer to norms prior to the dramatic speculation-driven increase, we need to take a deep breath and understand

August 29, 2009 Read Full Article

USU Research: Algae May Fix Logan’s Sewage Mess

by Brian Maffly (Salt Lake Tribune)  For the past several years, detergents and agricultural runoff have turned Logan’s five wastewater lagoons into a phosphate-filled soup, posing a menace to sensitive

August 28, 2009 Read Full Article

Mexico Plans Ethanol Push to Reduce Pollution

(Latin American Herald Tribune)  The Mexican government said it will invite tenders next month for a contract to produce 176 million liters (46 million gallons) of ethanol for use as

August 28, 2009 Read Full Article

Anellotech Launches; Latest Fast Pyrolysis Venture Expands Growing Field of Biocrude Companies

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Massachusetts, the University of Massachusetts at Amherst recently granted a biofuels startup company, Anellotech, exclusive global rights to the university’s catalytic fast pyrolysis technology

August 28, 2009 Read Full Article

Secretary Chu Announces Nearly $300 Million in Clean Cities Grants to Support Clean Fuels, Vehicles, and Infrastructure Development

Energy Secretary Steven Chu today announced the selection of 25 cost-share projects under the Clean Cities program that will be funded with nearly $300 million from the American Recovery and

August 28, 2009 Read Full Article

Life-Cycle Assessment of Biodiesel

by Laurent Lardon, Arnaud Helias, Bruno Sialve, Jean-Philippe Steyer and Olivier Bernard (Environmental Science and Technology)  This paper provides an analysis of the potential environmental impacts of biodiesel production from microalgae.

August 28, 2009 Read Full Article

Industry Responds to Biodiesel Tax Reform Proposition

by Nicholas Zeman  (Biodiesel Magazine)  The National Biodiesel Board said last week that the Biodiesel Tax Incentive Reform and Extension Act, a piece of legislation introduced to the U.S. Senate

August 28, 2009 Read Full Article

BEI International Demonstrates Mechanical Jatropha Harvester; Potential Breakthrough in Productivity

In Honduras, BEI International has demonstrated its mechanical harvesting of jatropha at Agroipsa Farm in Choluteca, Honduras this month, harvesting 550 hectares. “If your field conditions are accommodating you can

August 28, 2009 Read Full Article

Debunking The PHEV Mythology

by John Petersen (Alt Energy Stocks)  … We’ve all heard the mythology that PHEVs will save users buckets of money by using cheap electricity instead of expensive gasoline. The hard

August 27, 2009 Read Full Article

Biochar’s Likely Market Impacts

by Tom Konrad, Ph.D., CFA (Alt Energy Stocks)  Biochar, or amending soil with biomass-derived carbon, shows great potential to improve the productivity of soils, as well as to increase the

August 27, 2009 0 comment Read Full Article

New Vision on Biofuels is Urgently Needed

…  (Christian Aid’s report)Growing Pains urges governments to adopt a new vision on biofuels, seeing them as a force for rural development in poor countries, rather than a silver bullet

August 27, 2009 Read Full Article

Missouri Cooperatives Partner with Universities on Carbon Capture Research

… Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. (AECI) and Central Electric Power Cooperative (CEPC) are partnering with Lincoln University and Missouri University of Science and Technology to grow algae using the carbon

August 27, 2009 Read Full Article

U.S. Biofuel Boom Running on Empty

by Ann Davis and Russell Gold (Wall Street Journal)   The biofuels revolution that promised to reduce America’s dependence on foreign oil is fizzling out.  Two-thirds of U.S. biodiesel production capacity

August 27, 2009 Read Full Article

Resource Documents on Ethanol Importation and Tariffs

Doug Newman, Ethanol Trade Analyst for the US International Trade Commission, has provided tables and a presentation which summarize amounts of ethanol imports to the US by source location and

August 27, 2009 Read Full Article

Applications Being Accepted for Recovery Act 1603 Cash Grants in Lieu of Tax Credits

U.S. Department of the Treasury and the U.S. Department of Energy announced at the end of July that they would be accepting applications for a program that will make direct

August 26, 2009 Read Full Article

Australians Evaluate Native Oil-Bearing Tree

by Susanne Retka Schill (Biodiesel Magazine)  Early tests by Australia’s CQUniversity researchers show promise for a new biodiesel feedstock – the native Australian Beauty Leaf Tree. The wild tree grows

August 26, 2009 Read Full Article

Microbiogen Develops Yeast that Can Utilize Both C5 and C6 Sugars

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Microbiogen, an Australia-based developer of non-genetically modified yeast, recently announced it has secured a $2.5 million government grant. The grant, which was awarded under

August 26, 2009 Read Full Article

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology ‘Algae Platform’ Develops Efficient Photoreactors and Novel Cell Decomposition Methods

… (C)ultivation of microalgae may contribute decisively to tomorrow’s energy supply. For energy production from microalgae, KIT scientists are developing closed photo-bioreactors and novel cell disruption methods. … Professor Clemens

August 26, 2009 Read Full Article

Ghana Debates Viability of Biofuels

by Scott Stearns (Voice of America News)  Africa is central to the worldwide growth in biofuels, with Dutch, American, Swedish, Japanese, German, and British firms all competing for farmland to

August 26, 2009 Read Full Article

Biofuel projects in South Florida Have Promising Future, Challenging Present

by Doreen Hemlock and Jaideep Hardikar (South Florida Sun-Sentinel)  The neatly planted rows of jatropha trees in Delray Beach are sprouting round, green fruit that can be crushed into oil

August 26, 2009 Read Full Article

Synthetic Life By the Year’s End? Yes, Proclaims Craig Venter.

(Discover)  …   Synthetic biology experts say that re-engineered microorganisms may take on all sorts of jobs. For now, gene researchers are particularly excited about using energy-producing microbes as single-celled refineries

August 26, 2009 Read Full Article

AdvBiofUSA Disappointed in DOE Failure to Include Advanced Biofuels in SBIR/STTR Grant Program

by Joanne Ivancic   Although U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu claimed to “(emphasize) the Department’s commitment to developing near-term, clean energy technologies while allowing small businesses (to) take part in the

August 25, 2009 0 comment Read Full Article

DOE Announces $37 Million for Small Business Research and Technology

U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu announced that $37 million in funding from the Recovery Act will be made available to qualified small businesses through the Department’s Small Business Innovation Research

August 25, 2009 Read Full Article

25 x 25 Publishes Assessement of Ag/Forestry Costs Due to Proposed Climate Change Legislation

From the report: … Objective independent studies now emerging on the American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009 suggest that the costs to the agriculture and forestry sectors from

August 24, 2009 Read Full Article

US DOE Accepting Applications for Loans to Leading Edge Biofuels Projects

 Section 1705 of Title XVII authorizes the Secretary of Energy (“Secretary”) to make loan guarantees under this section, notwithstanding Section 1703, for only three categories of projects that commence construction

August 24, 2009 0 comment Read Full Article

Harvesting Hemp at Hartacre Farms for Biofuel

by Aimee Pianosi (NapaneeGuide.com)  In a white cloud of pollen, 43 acres of hemp was harvested from Hartacre Farms last Tuesday. Herb Hart grew the crop in partnership with Performance

August 24, 2009 Read Full Article

Ethanol Plant Project Runs Out of Gas

by Colin Bettles (FarmWeekly)  WestPetro, the proposed ethanol production plant to be built in East Rockingham, changed ownership last week.   The Oswal Group, who built the Burrup fertiliser plant, has

August 24, 2009 Read Full Article

Scripps Photobiology Group Presentations on Algae

The Scripps Photobiology Group has been hosting a series on the commercialization of algae, with a focus on the possible production of biofuels from algae.  The purpose of this forum

August 24, 2009 Read Full Article

Volkswagen Jetta TDI Cup Series Powers Ahead on Biodiesel Blends

(Biodiesel Magazine)  The 2009 Volkswagen Jetta TDI Cup racing series had just passed the half way point at press time, when race organizers, drivers, and fans alike acclaimed this biodiesel-powered

August 21, 2009 0 comment Read Full Article

Michigan Researchers Look at Rutabagas for Biofuel

by David Runk (AP)  Researchers at Michigan State University are working to turn the rutabaga into an oil-producing powerhouse that could make the turnip-like vegetable a better source of biofuel

August 21, 2009 Read Full Article

Nigerian,Oni, Donates Land for Chinese Ethanol Project

by Toba Suleiman (This Day)  Ekiti State Governor,  Segun Oni, has donated 15,000 hectares of land to  Chinese investors handling the ethanol project at Oke-Ayedun, Ikole Local Government area of the

August 21, 2009 Read Full Article

Researchers Boost Production of Biofuel that Could Replace Gasoline

(Newswise)  Engineers at Ohio State University have found a way to double the production of the biofuel butanol, which might someday replace gasoline in automobiles.  The process improves on the

August 21, 2009 Read Full Article

Semi-Serious Quiz: How to Rate An Algae Company

by Michael Kanellos  (Greentech Media)  Five years ago it was easy to divide up companies trying to make fuel out of algae. There were only a handful in the market

August 21, 2009 Read Full Article

Potential for Sweet Sorghum Ethanol is Very Sweet, Indeed

by Barney DuBois (BioBasedNews.com)  …  Sorghum – and particularly sweet sorghum – seems finally prepared to emerge from behind the dense biomass shadows it casts with its giant 15-foot stalks!  

August 20, 2009 Read Full Article

Automotive Materials Life Cycle Assessment Model Released for Use

WorldAutoSteel has released a 2nd iteration of the automotive materials parametric Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) model, which allows for broader evaluations of automotive materials, powertrains, fuels and vehicle total energy

August 20, 2009 Read Full Article

Tanzanian Jatropha Agriculture Gains Momentum with USAID

by Happy Lazaro (Arusha Times)  The United States of America has given Tanzania Tsh.6.5 billion (US Dollars 5.4 million) for development of Jatropha farming in rural areas.  The American government

August 20, 2009 Read Full Article

Company Planting Camelina Crops for Biodiesel

by Nathan Phelps  (Green Bay Press Gazette)  An upstart seed and biodiesel plant is harvesting the first seed crop of camelina — the plant that makes up the basis of the

August 20, 2009 Read Full Article

U.S. Biofuel Makers Want CO2 Credits in Climate Bill

(Reuters)    Makers of biofuels and plastics and chemicals made from crops want U.S. senators to change the climate bill to give them free pollution permits that would be needed to

August 19, 2009 Read Full Article

NASA Looks at Plant Biomass as New Source of Biofuel in Space

by Lisa Sibley(Cleantech Group)    NASA research scientist Chad Paavola has a problem to solve: When astronauts leave the earth for long periods of time, they’re going to need to produce

August 19, 2009 Read Full Article

Aurora Biofuels Breakthrough Doubles CO2 Uptake and Fuel Production

 Through a series of biotechnology achievements, Aurora has succeeded in optimizing its base algae strains to more than double CO2 consumption and fuel production, and has proven these results in

August 19, 2009 Read Full Article

Banned in Boston: Massachusetts Moves to Strike Algae, Miscanthus, Switchgrass, Oil from Microorganisms, from Qualifying Under Clean Energy Biofuels Act

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Massachusetts, the state Department of Energy Resources, in coordination with the Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs, announced that it would ban all

August 19, 2009 Read Full Article

Advanced Biofuels Non-Profit Receives Tax Exemption Status

by Rachel Gantz (Oil Price Information Service)  …   As Ivancic explained to OPIS, Advanced Biofuels USA launched in April 2008 with the intention of being a new trade organization representing

August 18, 2009 Read Full Article

Greener Dawn Research Releases 90-Page Algae Biofuels Report

A report by Greener Dawn Investment Group’s research arm “aims to provide an in-depth and unbiased review of the algae industry’s market potential, current technologies and processes, from the point

August 17, 2009 Read Full Article

G20 Countries Practice ‘Agricolonialism’ in Developing Countries

by Betsey Piette (Worker’s World)  Collectively the countries which participate in the Group of Twenty comprise 85 percent of the global gross national product, 80 percent of world trade and

August 17, 2009 Read Full Article

Pakistani State Oil Launches Ethanol Blended Fuel in Karachi

(The International News)  The Pakistan State Oil (PSO) launched ethanol blended fuel called ‘E10 gasoline’ here on Saturday which would be cheaper by Rs2.40 per litre compared to petrol.   … 

August 17, 2009 Read Full Article

Trillium FiberFuels Awarded $750,000 Grant to Develop Cellulosic Ethanol Technology

The United States Department of Energy (DOE) has just announced the 2009 awardees of the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program. This award is a Phase II continuation that follows

August 17, 2009 Read Full Article

Embracing Pond Scum: Algae Farms Taking Root in High Desert

by Brooke Edwards and Natasha Lindstrom  (Victor Valley Daily Press)   That green, slimy scum that makes swimmers and pool owners cringe may soon grow the High Desert into a hotbed

August 17, 2009 Read Full Article

Scientists Explore How the Humble Leaf Could Power the Planet

by Alok Jha (Guardian)  At Imperial College London, researchers have embarked on a £1m project to study, and eventually mimic, photosynthesis. Part of a project called the “artificial leaf”, involves

August 14, 2009 Read Full Article

Row Over US Biofuel Rules Intensifies

by Cath Everett (BusinessGreen.com)  Corn ethanol industry accuses EPA of influencing independent panel to boost support for controversial biofuel carbon life cycle regulations.  An independent peer review of proposed US

August 14, 2009 Read Full Article

Biochar as the New Black Gold

by Bill Hewitt  (Grist)  Imagine a system that can: (potentially) store billions of tons of carbon in soil for centuries; dramatically reduce agricultural waste, forest debris and some municipal solid

August 14, 2009 Read Full Article

BP and Martek Biosciences Enter a Joint Development Agreement to Deliver Advanced Biodiesels

BP and Martek Biosciences Corporation announced the signing of a Joint Development Agreement (JDA) to work on the production of microbial oils for biofuels applications. The partnership combines a broad

August 14, 2009 Read Full Article

Egypt to Cultivate Jatropha Plant for Biofuels

(Reuters) Egypt plans to expand the cultivation of the jatropha plant to produce biofuels, the state news agency said.  The agency quoted an Agriculture Ministry official as stating that 200

August 14, 2009 Read Full Article

Picking Biofuel Starters: Government Tops Off the Tank

by Simon Grose  (tcetoday news)  Algae, wood and sugarcane shared the honours in the bidding for funding through the Australian government’s Second generation Biofuels research and development program.   Announcing matching

August 14, 2009 Read Full Article

Will ‘Energy Crops’ Become the Next Kudzu?

by Jessica Leber (New York Times and ClimateWire)  U.S. policies are subsidizing new energy crops that are likely to spread off the farm and wreak economic and ecological havoc, a

August 14, 2009 Read Full Article

Start-Up Goes Fishing for Biofuels

by Candace Lombardi  (Green Tech)  LiveFuels, an algae biofuel start-up, announced a pilot project to grow and harvest algae biofuels

August 14, 2009 Read Full Article

Who’s Your Daddy’s Daddy?: A Look at Bioenergy and Washington Lobbying

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Washington, the Center for Public Integrity released a report on lobbying over the impending

August 13, 2009 Read Full Article

Bioenergy to Fuel Growth in Regional Australia

(The Land FarmOnline)  A new analysis on second generation biofuels, conducted by Southern Cross University’s Centre for Plant Conservation Genetics,

August 13, 2009 Read Full Article

Scientists Force Fungus to Have Sex to Create Biofuel

by Bryan Nelson  (CleanTechnica.com)  Originally discovered in the Solomon Islands during World War II eating away at the canvas and

August 12, 2009 Read Full Article

Nigeria to Produce Biodiesel Commercially

(Biofuels International)  Nigeria will start producing biodiesel commercially at some point next year, say scientists.  Nigeria has been experimenting with

August 12, 2009 Read Full Article

ARIES Portable Biodiesel System Successfully Demonstrated

A collaborative effort by the U.S. Navy, Biodiesel Industries, Inc. and Aerojet successfully demonstrated methods to produce cleaner and more

August 12, 2009 Read Full Article

Agricultural Marketing Resource Center Publishes Study of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Corn and Ethanol Production

Don Hofstrand “focus(es) on GHG emissions including a detailed analysis of the sources of these emissions from corn and ethanol

August 12, 2009 Read Full Article

Richard Branson Launches Green Venture

by Rebecca Burn-Callander  (Real Business)  It’s one of the few private equity ventures to raise its target amount this year.

August 12, 2009 Read Full Article

24 Senators Ask President Obama for Volume Mandates for Biodiesel

  … (W)e request that the Administration exercise its authority immediately, either by Executive Order or through Agency action or

August 12, 2009 Read Full Article

Growth Energy Announces Biofuels Road Map at Clean Energy Summit

General Wesley Clark (Ret.), co-chairman of Growth Energy, introduced a renewable fuels road map designed to put the nation on

August 12, 2009 Read Full Article

EPA Announces Peer Review Findings on the Lifecycle Analysis for the Proposed Rule to Implement the Expanded Renewable Fuel Standard Program

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (”EPA”) announces the availability of documents pertaining to the expert peer review record completed on

August 12, 2009 Read Full Article

Perdue AgriBusiness to Supply Barley for Hopewell Ethanol Plant

(Richmond Times-Dispatch)   Osage Bio Energy, the company building an ethanol plant in Hopewell, is partnering with Perdue AgriBusiness to source

August 12, 2009 Read Full Article

DOE Awards $377 Million in Funding for 46 Energy Frontier Research Centers

In a major effort to accelerate the scientific breakthroughs needed to build a new 21st-century energy economy, U.S. Energy Secretary

August 12, 2009 Read Full Article

A “Shrimp Cocktail” To Fuel Cars and Trucks

Call it a “shrimp cocktail” for your fuel tank. Scientists in China are reporting development of a catalyst made from

August 11, 2009 Read Full Article

Biofuel-Producing Bacteria, Insect Gut Microbes, ~ 70 other Projects Fill DOE Joint Genome Institute 2010 Pipeline

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Joint Genome Institute (JGI) has selected 71 new genomic sequencing projects for its 2010

August 11, 2009 Read Full Article

Safflower Topping Rest as Best Oilseed for Biodiesel

by Sue Roesler (The Priairie Star)  Just ask Chuck Flynn, research chemist at Montana State University’s Eastern Ag Research Center,

August 11, 2009 Read Full Article

Growth Energy: GAO Report Clearly Refutes Big Food’s Claim That Ethanol was Behind Higher Food Prices

Tom Buis, CEO of Growth Energy, evaluated a recent US Government Accountabilty Office report, ““Now it’s the GAO that is

August 11, 2009 Read Full Article

Renewable Fuels Association Team, Other Stakeholders Unable to Verify EPA ILUC Analysis Results

In a letter to the US Environmental Protection Agency Administrator, the Renewable Fuels Association explains that stakeholders are unable to replicate or

August 11, 2009 Read Full Article

Solazyme Awarded California Energy Commission Grant to Develop Clean Fuel from Local Cellulosic Feedstocks

Solazyme, Inc., a renewable oil production company and algal biotechnology company, was awarded a $789,697 Biosynthetic Transportation Fuel Production grant

August 11, 2009 Read Full Article

Biofuels Innovator Forms Division in Charleston to Capture Carbon

by Andy Owens (Charleston Regional Business Journal) Opposition to coal-fired power plants in the South has spurred a producer of microalgae-based

August 11, 2009 Read Full Article

EERC Awarded Subcontract by SAIC to Help Produce Military Renewable Jet Fuel from Algae

(GreenAirOnline.com)  The Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) at the University of North Dakota has been awarded a subcontract by

August 11, 2009 Read Full Article

W2 Energy Completes Algae Bioreactor

(Energy Current)  W2 Energy Inc., has successfully completed a commercial scale algae bioreactor.  The Sunfilter bioreactor will be used to

August 11, 2009 Read Full Article

University of Minnesota Researchers Discover Breakthrough Method for Chemical Separations

A team of researchers, led by chemical engineering and materials science professor Michael Tsapatsis in the University of Minnesota’s Institute

August 5, 2009 Read Full Article

Algae Oil Lipid Trigger Breakthrough Sustainable Green Technologies Inc. Announces Innovative Way to Increase Algae Oil Production

Sustainable Green Technologies (SGT) a start-up company in Escondido, California announced today that it has discovered a highly effective and

August 5, 2009 Read Full Article

NASA Studies Cellulose For Food And Biofuel Production

For long-duration space missions, astronauts someday will grow plants for food and the air they breathe, while transforming inedible parts

August 5, 2009 Read Full Article

Emami Biotech to Set Up Biofuel Project in Ethiopia

(Business Standard)  Emami Biotech, a part of the Rs 2,000-crore Emami Group, will invest Rs 400 crore in a plantation

August 5, 2009 Read Full Article

Biggie Smalls: Microcrops Go Mainstream and Head for the Big Time

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  All microalgae are microcrops, but not all microcrops are microalgae: a larger family of diatoms,

August 5, 2009 Read Full Article

Western Australia Government Supports Hazardous Waste Biodiesel Project

Regional Development Minister Brendon Grylls has announced funding of $145,000 from the Pilbara Regional Grants Scheme to support the Ashburton

August 5, 2009 Read Full Article

The Water Footprint of Bioenergy

All energy scenarios show a shift toward an increased percentage of renewable energy sources, including biomass. This study gives an

August 5, 2009 Read Full Article

Jatropha: Not a Miracle Biofuel Crop After All?

(Discover)  The oil-rich and weedy plant jatropha has been hailed as the most promising source of biofuel on the planet,

August 5, 2009 Read Full Article

Manufacturers’ Electric Dreams Likely to Stumble on Forecaster’s Reality

by Neil Winton  (Detroit News) While manufacturers like Nissan of Japan jostle for the lead in the race to saturate

August 5, 2009 Read Full Article

Corn Farmers Coalition Publishes The Corn Fact Book

….  There is plenty of corn to eat and plenty for making ethanol and plenty for feeding cattle and plenty

August 5, 2009 Read Full Article

Researchers Discover New Way to Deoxygenize Biomass

by Lisa Gibson  (Biomass Magazine)   University of California Berkeley and Berkeley Lab researchers have discovered a relatively inexpensive way to

August 3, 2009 Read Full Article

Ceres Publishes Online Crop Radius Calculator

For biofuels and biopower to be competitive and sustainable, high-yielding energy crops will be required in most areas. That is

August 3, 2009 Read Full Article

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sequestration carbon capture and storage (CCS) carbon capture and utilization (CCU) carbon cost carbon credit carbon credit markets carbon cycle carbon debt Carbon Dioxide (CO2) carbon efficiency carbon emissions carbon fiber carbon insets Carbon Intensity (CI) carbon life cycle carbon markets Carbon Monoxide (CO) carbon negative carbon neutrality carbon offsets carbon pipeline carbon price carbon recycling carbon removal carbon sink carbon standard carbon tax carbon tax-and-dividend Carbon tax border adjustments carbon user fee Carbon Utilization and Biogas Education Program carcinogens cardoon Caribbean carinata carinata/brassica carinata cashew cashew apple CAS Registry Cassava cassava price cassava pulp cassava stalk castor bean castor stalk catalysis catalysts catalytic hydrothermal conversion catalytic hydrothermal conversion-to-jet (CHCJ) catalytic hydrothermal gasification catalytic hydrothermolysis jet CHJ pathway cattails cattle CBD (cannabidiol) CBG (compressed biogas) cellulase enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program Certificates of Origin (COs) certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 chemical-looping hydrogen method Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chromium chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel Clean clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel clean fuel production tax credit Clean Fuel Standard/Policy (CFS) Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Trucks Plan Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 neutral fuels coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) coastal hay Coast Guard cobalt coco cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold-tolerance cold flow college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading Community activity community college Community involvement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression-ignition engine compression ratios concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology cooking fuel Cook Islands cook stoves cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 copper coppice cordgrass corn-based products corn/maize corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stov corn stover corn supply corn surplus Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D5 (5%DME) D20 (20%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act definitions deforestation defossilization defossilize Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose diatoms diesel diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 Diesel Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/HVO/Paraffinic Diesel diesel with renewables digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct-to-fuel direct air capture directed evolution direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought-resistant drought tolerant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol E0 E0 price E2 E3 E4 E5 E5 price E6 E7 E8 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E40 E40 pumps E50 E75 E78 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E95 E97 E98 E100 E100 conversion kit earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED95 education educational business private educational tour Education Series 3030 efficiency Egypt Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electricity price electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electroly electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants El Salvador eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 228 EN 590 EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) end user Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine/Fuel Co-optimization Engine Development engineering engine problems England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) Environmentalists environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) esg ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) ethane ethanol Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G ethanol benefits ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol blend wall ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethylbenzene ethylene ethyl levulinate (EL) ets eucalyptus European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state externalities extremophiles f F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farmers farming farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices Feedstocks feedstock storage feedstock transportation fermentation ferry fertilizer F Factor fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch/FT Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flavors flax Fleets fleet turnover fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources forestry Forest Service forklifts fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) free fatty acids (FFA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium games gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasificatio gasification gasoline gasoline-range hydrocarbons gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gas prices gas tax/highway user fee Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal Germany Gerrmany Ghana ghg GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo gliricidia sepium global warming glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grains grain sorghum/milo grain speculators GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grease Great Green Fleet Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy Green Jobs Greenland Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana gypsum Haiti Halophytes harvesting harvest site processing Hawai'i hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ health health benefits health effects heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel heat of combustion heat of vaporization Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras Honge tree nuts Hong Kong horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO20 HVO100 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrids Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrocarbon fuels hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen hydrogen aircraft hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogenolysis hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps hydrogen terminal hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export India Indiana Indian grass indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesi Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine internal combustion engine/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA Jamaica Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 JP-10 Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education kalanchoe Kansas Kans grass Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid Lake County lamp oil landfill methane Landfills land ownership land prices land rights landscape land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna Lesotho lesquerella leucaena Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logist logistics long-term contracts Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg M3 M15 M100 macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona mandate mandates manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maps marginal land Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Gas Oil (MGO) market forces marketing markets/sales market share Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute Massachusetts mass balance standard Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritius meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methan methanation methane/ methane/biomethane methane leaks methani methanization Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methanol fuel cells methanol price Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microo microorganisms/microbes Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) MOVES2014 Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials nano particles naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Environmental Policy Act National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Native American tribes natural g natural gas natural gas input natural gasoline natural gas prices natural gas vehicles Navy Nebraska neem negative carbon emissions neodymium Nepal net energy balance Netherland Netherlands Nevada New Brunswick Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand next generation biofuels next generation vehicles Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakora North Dakota Northeast Northern Ireland Northern Territory North Korea Northwest Territories Norway Noth Dakota Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition nut shells oak oat hulls oats oat straw Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil/gas terminals oil embargo oil exploration oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil ref oil refineries oil replacement Oils oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olives olive water Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree peaches peach shell peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot pilot scale pine pineapple pine beetle pine needles pine nut Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Admin (PHMSA) pipelines PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet Plug-in Flex Fuel Hybrid Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) plume grass Poand podcasts Poland poli Policy politics pollinators pollution pollution control polyethylene polyfuel polymer polysaccharides pomace pome pomegranates pongamia pongamia pinnata poplar poppy population control Portable refinery Portugal potassium potato poultry litter/waste power-to-x/gas/liquid prairie grasses pre-processing precision farming/agriculture precursors/biointermediates premium gasoline Pretreatment pretreatment equipment price price of water prickly pear Prince Edward Island process flow diagram producer tax credit Production tax credit productivity project insurance Propane/Biopropane/Renewable Propane propane/renewable propane pumps propanol property insurance propylene protectionism protein protests proton exchange membrane (PEM) public comments public health policy Puerto Rico pulp Pulp/Paper Mill pump retrofit kit pumps/fueling station Punnai tree pyrolysis Q-RIN Qatar quality assurance Quality Assurance Plans (QAPs) quality improvement Quebec Quebed Queensland quote of the week r R5 R33 R99/RD99 race radiata pine radish leaves railroad rainforest rain tree ranchers RAND rare earth metal/critical minerals RD3 RD10 RD20 RD30 RD50 RD55 RD80 RD80B20 RD99 RD100 reclaimed mine lands recycled oil recycled plastics recycling red algae Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) refineries reforestation Reformate regenerative braking regenerative farming Regulated Emissions regulations Regulations-Federal Regulations-State Regulatory Enhancement Growth Support (REGS) Reid vapor pressure (RVP) remediation Renewable Chemical renewable chemical producer tax incentive renewable chemical production tax credit renewable d Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel/HVO/Paraffinic Diesel Renewable Diesel/Green Diesel price renewable diesel pipelines Renewable Diesel Production renewable diesel pumps renewable diesel tax credit renewable diesel terminal Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Directive (RED/RED II/RED III) Renewable Energy Standard Renewable Energy to Fuels through Utilization of Energy-Dense Liquids (REFUEL) renewable fuel renewable fuel oil (RFO) Renewable Fuels Directive (EU) renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBO) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) revisions/repeal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS and RFS2) renewable gasoline blendstock renewable marine diesel Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) price Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) pumps Renewable Portfolio Standards Renewable Power Standard Renewable Synthesized Iso-Paraffinic Fuels (SIP) Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) renewable volume obligation (RVO) RenovaBio replacement molecules Repowering Assistance Program repurpose research and development research facility resiliency retail retrofit return on investment R Factor RFI (Request for Information) RFS "reset" RHD100 Rhizosphere Observations Optimizing Terrestrial Sequestration (ROOTS) Rhode Island rhododendron rice rice bran rice bran oil rice hulls rice husks rice price rice straw/paddy straw RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) RIMPAC RINs (Renewable Identification Numbers) RINs markets RINs price risk management RJ-4 RJ-6 RME (rape methyl ester) RME180 RNA (Ribonucleic acid) RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia rutabaga Rwanda rye Rye grass s saccharification SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower SAF pipeline sago pond weed SAK Salicornia salt-tolerant saltbush salt water Sanctions Santa Monica Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater Seaweed/Macroalgae seaweed cultivation second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed husks Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil sheep shipping shipping containers Sierra Leone silica Silphie/cup plant/Indian cup silver simarouba Singapore Singpore SK slash Slovakia Slovakia/Slovak Republic Slovenia sludge Small Business Administration small engines small refinery exemption (SRE) smog soapstock Social social benefit investing social cost social value social venture Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) soi soil soil amendments soil carbon soil health soil microbial biomass solar energy solar energy-to-chemical conversion solar fuel solaris solar thermochemical hydrogen (STCH) solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) Solomon Islands Solutions solvent liquefaction Somalia soot sorghum sorghum oil sorghum stover South Africa South America South Australia South Carolina South Dakota Southeast Asia Southern Africa South K South Korea South Sudan SOx (Sulfur oxides) soybean prices soybeans soy meal Spain spartina specifications Spekboom Spent Bleaching Earth Oil (SBEO) sprawl spruce Sri Lanka standards start-up State Department steam explosion steam methane reformation steam reformation steel stevia stillage storage tanks Straight (pure) Vegetable Oil (SVO or PVO) stranded assets Strategic Bioenergy Reserve STrategiv Petroleum Reserve straw students su sub-Saharan Africa sub-sim (substantially similar) subsid succinic acid sucrose Sudan sugar sugar-to-biodiesel sugar-to-farnesane sugar-to-jetfuel Sugar Beets/Energy Beets sugarcan sugarcane sugarcane prices sugarcane straw Sugar kelp sugar platform sugar prices sugars sugars-to-fats sugar standards sulfur sunflower sunflower stalks supercritical fluid supercritical hydrolysis supply agreements supply chain Supreme Court surahart Surface Transportation Board Suriname sustain Sustainability Swaziland Sweden sweetgum sweet potatoes Sweet sorghum swine waste Switchgrass Switzerland syngas syngas/gas fermentation synthesised aromatic kerosene (SAK) synthetic biology synthetic diesel synthetic gasoline synthetic kerosene synthetic liquified gas (SLG) synthetic methane/e-methane synthetic natural gas Syria Tailoring Rule Taiwan Tajikistan tall oil tallow tallow tree tamanu/nyamplung tank cars tankers tanker trucks Tanzania tariffs taro tar sands Tasmania tax benefit tax credit taxes tax incentives tax parity tax policy teach-the-teacher teacher teacher resources teacher training technical course Technical Readiness Levels techno-economic analysis technology transfer tech transfer telephone utility poles Tennessee termites terpenes terrestrial carbon testing Texas textbook Thailand theft therapeutics Thermal catalytic depolymerization (TCD) thermal deoxygenation thermocatalytic conversion thermochemical conversion thermochemical liquefaction Tibet Tier 3 Tier 4 tilapia tillage Timor-Leste tires tobacco tobacco tree Togo toluene Tonga tool Toronto torrefaction totai Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) trade trade dispute/discrimination trade group trade organization Trade Policy trade secrets training trains transesterification transgenics Transportation Fuels Policy Transportation Fuels Policy--Municipal Transportation Fuels Policy--State Transportation Policy travel travel policy Treasury Department trees Trinidad and Tobago triticale truck trucks tubers tugboats Tunisia Tunsia Turkey UCOME (Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester) Uganda UK (United Kingdom) UK Emission Trade Scheme (UK ETS) Ukraine Ukriane UL (Underwriters Laboratory) ULSD (ultra low sulfur diesel) Ultra Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (ULSFO) underground storage tanks (UST) UNESCO United Arab Emirates (UAE) United Nations' International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) United Nations (UN) Unleaded 88/E15 urbanization urban sprawl Uruguay US Agency for International Development (USAID) USAID US Army usda USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) used cooking oil (UCO) used motor oil used railroad ties US ethanol exports US Geological Survey ustain Utah utility model Uzbekistan value chain vanadium Vancouver Vanuatu Vatican VEETC vegetable oils vehicles miles traveled (VMT) Venezuela Vermont vetiver Victoria video Vietnam vinasse vinegar vineyard waste Virginia Virgin Islands. virgin oils viruses vlsfo VLSFO (very low sulfur fuel oil) volatile fatty acids (VFA) volunteers Vulcanol w waiver Wales warranty Washington Washington DC waste waste-to-chemicals Waste-to-Energy waste-to-fuel waste alcohol Waste CO2 waste heat waste management waste oil waste paper waste vegetable oil wastewater water water consumption water footprint water hyacinth watermeal watermelon water policy water pollution water 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