by William Garbe (TH Online) GOP presidential hopeful listens to Western Dubuque Biodiesel general manager explain regulatory issues facing his business. Republican presidential hopeful Rick Santorum received an informal primer in renewable fuels Monday in Farley. Santorum, a former U.S. senator
Transportation Fuels Policy
Back TO HOMEHow to Profit from Government Mandates in Biofuels
(The Energy Report/Market Oracle) New proposed EPA requirements for the renewable fuel standard program, combined with challenging sugarcane harvests in South America, could increase demand for biodiesel, creating opportunity in a struggling energy sector. In this interview with The Energy
October 07, 2015 Read Full Article
Aemetis Distilled Biodiesel Solves India's Unhealthy Air Quality
(CNN Money/Market Watch/Aemetis) New Delhi Has the Worst Air Pollution in the World -- Aemetis, Inc. (NASDAQ: AMTX), an advanced renewable fuels and biochemicals company, announced that distilled biodiesel produced by its subsidiary in India reduces major causes of air pollution
October 07, 2015 Read Full Article
Opinion: Our Generation’s Moonshot: A Clean-Energy World by 2050
by Jeffrey D. Sachs (Market Watch) In May 1961, President John F. Kennedy stirred America and the world with these words: “I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing
October 07, 2015 Read Full Article
More Opportunities for Ethanol in Michigan
by Nicole Heslip (Brownfield Ag News) The Corn Marketing Program of Michigan says a grant to increase blender pumps will save consumers money. Communications Specialist Angel Jenio tells Brownfield the Biofuel Infrastructure Partnership awarded grants to 21 states including Michigan. “That
October 05, 2015 Read Full Article
Trust Iowa farmers, Not Big Oil
by T.J. Page (Des Moines Register/Iowa Renewable Fuels Association) Letter to the Editor-- It’s disappointing, but not surprising to read a recent letter from a non-Iowan repeating discredited Environmental Working Group statistics to bash corn farmers and ethanol production [“Ethanol plays role
October 05, 2015 Read Full Article
Govt Resumes E85 Promotion with Additional Bt2/Litre Subsidy
by Pichaya Changsorn (The Nation) The government yesterday agreed to resume its promotion of E85 gasohol, via the injection of an additional Bt2-per-litre subsidy for the highest ethanol-blended oil product on the market. Energy Minister Anantaporn Kanjanarat said E85 had become unattractive
October 05, 2015 Read Full Article
Senators Push White House on Ethanol Mandate
by Devin Henry (The Hill) A group of senators is pushing the White House to issue a strong mandate for ethanol fuel. Fourteen senators — a mix of Republicans and Democrats, many from ethanol-producing Midwestern states — met with White House
October 05, 2015 Read Full Article
A Secret Password for Advanced Biofuels at Scale? Forget “Open Sesame”, Try “Velocys Inside”
by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Four new technologies approach scaled operations, all with one element in common – Velocys technology on the back-end. Why Velocys, why now? The Digest investigates. In Oklahoma, Southeast Oregon, Eastern Ohio, and a site near London
October 05, 2015 Read Full Article
All RTC Buses to Run on Biodiesel Soon
(The Hindu) The Transport Department has decided to run all State Road Transport Corporation (RTCs) buses on biodiesel in the next four months. The first batch of 10 buses running on biodiesel was flagged off by Chief Minister Siddaramaiah on Friday. The
October 04, 2015 Read Full Article
Grassley on the Oil Export Ban, Attempt to Diminish Ethanol
(Office of Senator Chuck Grassley) Note: This week, the Senate Banking Committee voted to lift the ban on U.S. oil exports. The committee defeated an amendment that would have eliminated the corn ethanol blending requirements under the federal Renewable Fuel
October 04, 2015 Read Full Article
Prez Candidates Recommit RFS Support
by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com) ... Sen. Santorum reaffirmed his support at a forum hosted by Heritage Action in South Carolina on Friday, at Iowa’s Faith and Freedom Presidential Forum on Saturday, and at the taping of Rural Town Hall on RFD-TV
October 03, 2015 Read Full Article
Biofuels Try to Snap Out of Dormant Phase
by Amy Harder (Wall Street Journal) The promise of energy from sources like wood chips and switchgrass is still a long way off. -- Nearly 10 years ago, then-President George W. Bush promised to fund research in “cutting-edge methods of producing
October 03, 2015 Read Full Article
Greater Biodiesel Adoption Would Lower Costs
by Tom Steever (Brownfield Ag News) The cost of biodiesel would be lower if more of the U.S. production capacity was put to use. National Biodiesel Board Sustainability Director Don Scott tells Brownfield the country could be producing three billion gallons
October 03, 2015 Read Full Article
Letters: Ethanol Good for Economy, Environment
by Warren Woodrow Carothers (The State) In his Sept. 18 letter, “Renewable fuel standard doing more harm than good,” U.S. Rep. Tom Rice says ethanol emissions are 33 percent higher than with gasoline. He is using research data that is
October 02, 2015 Read Full Article
Toomey Amendment to Doom the US Renewable Fuel Standard Rejected in Senate Committee Vote
by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In Washington, an amendment offered by Senator Pat Toomey that would end a key provision of the RFS – the requirement to blend traditional ethanol-based renewable fuels into U.S. gasoline failed in the Senate Committee
October 02, 2015 Read Full Article
Biodiesel Can Help Slash U.S. Carbon Emissions — Report
by Amanda Reilly (E&E/Governors' Biofuels Coalition) Biodiesel can contribute significantly to U.S. carbon dioxide reduction goals, according to a new analysis released by the industry’s main trade group. The report conducted by Bates White Economic Consulting found that boosting biodiesel production
October 02, 2015 Read Full Article
Orlando Museum, Tea Party and Biofuels: Letters -- Biofuels Good for Florida
by Mark Emalfarb (Dyadic International) ... Mike Murtha's My Word column, "Feds must follow Fla. on ethanol repeal," on Monday is a misguided call to move the state backward in all three areas. Florida's universities and biotechnology companies — including the
October 02, 2015 Read Full Article
Why DuPont Supports Oregon's Low-Carbon Fuel Standard (OPINION)
by Jan Koninckx (OregonLive/DuPont) As an American company operating since 1802, DuPont has been part of the ongoing movement to create science-powered solutions that make life better for people and the planet we share. Today, we are particularly excited to be
October 02, 2015 Read Full Article
Ex-Sen. Talent Launches Advocacy Group to Boost RFS
by Amanda Reilly (E&E/Governors' Biofuels Coalition) Former Sen. Jim Talent (R-Mo.) today will launch a new group to boost the nation’s biofuel policy. The group, Americans for Energy Security and Innovation, will seek to mobilize elected officials in support of the renewable
October 01, 2015 Read Full Article
ICAO Must Design Robust Sustainability Criteria for Aviation Biofuels into Its Market Measure
(GreenAir Online) Aviation industry leaders will gather next week in Geneva for their green conference and congratulate themselves on their efforts to reduce emissions. But a reality check is needed. A bio-fuelled flight here and a more efficient engine there
September 30, 2015 Read Full Article
Judge Dismisses Challenge to Oregon Climate Change Program
by Jonathan J. Cooper (Associated Press/MMC News) A federal judge on Thursday dismissed a lawsuit filed by oil companies challenging an Oregon carbon-reduction mandate. U.S. District Judge Ann Aiken said Oregon’s low-carbon fuel standard does not violate federal law or
September 30, 2015 Read Full Article
San Francisco Seeks Renewable Diesel
(Fleets and Fuels) It’s Mostly for Muni as City Seeks Nearly 22 Million Gallons -- The City and County of San Francisco is taking bids for approximately 21.1 million gallons of renewable diesel for the three-year period starting this November 1. Most of
September 30, 2015 Read Full Article
CARB Re-Adopts State’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard
by Ann Bailey (Ethanol Producer Magazine) The California Air Resources Board has re-adopted a Low Carbon Fuel Standard requiring a 10 percent reduction in the carbon intensity of transportation fuels by 2020. “Unlike the EPA, California's Air Resources Board has consistently
September 30, 2015 Read Full Article
New Flex-Fuel Pumps Allow Minnesotans to Breathe Easier, Save Money
by Bruce Peterson and Jeffrey Jackson (Owatonna People's Press) ... We all want to breathe cleaner air and save a few bucks when we put fuel in our vehicles. I am proud to say that Minnesota’s corn farmers are helping to
September 30, 2015 Read Full Article
Rutgers Report Assesses New Jersey Bioenergy Potential
by Anna Simet (Biomass Magazine) A recent Rutgers University assessment on bioenergy potential in New Jersey found that the state producers over 7 million dry tons of biomass annually, over 4 million of which could be recovered and used to
September 30, 2015 Read Full Article
Estonia Turns to Biomethane to Fuel Public Transport
(Bioenergy Insight) The government of Estonia has passed a bill which will secure a large investment into the Baltic country’s biomethane market and infrastructure. In the expansion project’s pilot phase, the Estonian state will support the re-commencement of the production of
September 29, 2015 Read Full Article
Makers of Fuel From Plants Feel Forsaken in Obama’s Climate Push
by Mario Parker (Bloomberg/Renewable Energy World) Producers of motor fuels from plant waste say they have been left behind in President Barack Obama’s push to fight climate change. Executives from about two dozen companies that produce advanced biofuels say a proposal to
September 29, 2015 Read Full Article
The 800 Ways Taxpayer Money Supports Fossil Fuel Industries
by Reed Landberg (Bloomberg/Renewable Energy World) If the world seeks to lower carbon emissions, why is support for fossil fuels so strong? --- As world leaders converge on New York for a United Nations gathering that’s expected to have a
September 29, 2015 Read Full Article
Stems, Sticks Seen Driving Biofuel’s Next Expansion After 2020
by Anna Hirtenstein (Bloomberg/Renewable Energy World) The next generation of biofuels that don’t use food crops as a raw material are starting to take hold, with a big expansion of the industry coming after 2020, one of the industry’s key
September 29, 2015 Read Full Article
Many Conservative Republicans Believe Climate Change Is a Real Threat
by Coral Davenport (The New York Times) A majority of Republicans — including 54 percent of self-described conservative Republicans — believe the world’s climate is changing and that mankind plays some role in the change, according to a new survey conducted by
September 29, 2015 Read Full Article
Biofuels, Oil Palm and Agribusiness in Southeast Asia – Planning for Sustainability?
(Stockholm Environment Institute) This brief draws together SEI research done between 2011 and 2014 on agribusiness developments – especially of oil palm – in Thailand, Cambodia, Indonesia, and the Philippines. The brief presents overarching insights from that work, along with recommendations
September 29, 2015 Read Full Article
We Should Not Be Surprised about Volkswagen’s “Diesel-Gate”
by Bill Brandon (Biofuels Digest) Fooling with computers to give false readings has happened before. It is important to recognize similarities to earlier cases and EPA’s role in them. The 1998 consent decree In October 1998, the DOJ and EPA entered into a
September 29, 2015 Read Full Article
MTA Wins Round in Biodiesel Battle
by Jim Bray (Truck News) ... That’s according to Terry Shaw, executive director of the Manitoba Trucking Association, who told Truck West recently that after the Manitoba government decided to up the biodiesel mandate above the national figure, his organization fought
September 28, 2015 Read Full Article
E85 Makes Original RFS Target Feasible
by Sebastien Pouliot and Bruce A. Babcock (Iowa Farmer Today) ... Estimation of the demand for E85 requires data matching various E85 price levels with the corresponding amount of E85 sales. A rich source of data was provided to us that we
September 28, 2015 Read Full Article
Calling All Technicians: 20 Facts About Ethanol
by Bobby Likis (Car Clinic Network/Renewable Fuels Association) Today’s hot topic? Ethanol. Bobby's "Calling All Technicians...20 Facts about Ethanol" is designed to demystify - make that "de-myth-ify" - ethanol. The more you know, the more you ask, the more you know...well,
September 28, 2015 Read Full Article
California Air Regulators Readopt Fuel Standard to Fight Climate Change
by Tony Barboza (Los Angeles Times) Clifornia air quality officials on Friday approved updates to a key climate change rule that will force reductions in carbon pollution from gasoline and diesel fuel over the next five years. The vote Friday by
September 28, 2015 Read Full Article
Irwin, Good Analyze Ethanol, Biodiesel RINs Relationships
by Susanne Retka Schill (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Ethanol D6 RIN prices have stayed relatively stable over the summer while D4 biodiesel RINs prices plummeted, Illinois economists Scott Irwin and Darrel Good point out in a recent FarmDocDaily post, “Why Isn’t the
September 28, 2015 Read Full Article
Why Do Biofuels Seem to Be Stalled?
(Deutsche Welle) On the heels of the VW scandal, many are asking why eco-friendly transport seems to be stalled. Biofuels that don't compete with food production may indeed play an important future role, says Nicholas Wagner of IRENA. Deutsche Welle: The Paris
September 28, 2015 Read Full Article
Nation's Strictest Regulatory Board Affirms Biodiesel as Lowest-Carbon Fuel
(National Biodiesel Board) In a fight to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, California's Air Resources Board has spent years looking for the cleanest, most efficient ways to cut carbon. Turns out, biodiesel is at the top of the list. Friday the board
September 28, 2015 Read Full Article
China! Boeing, Algenol, Inventure Deals Propel Industrial Biotech Momentum
by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... As President Xi visits North America, China signs 3 major deals in industrial biotechnology. The East is Red, it’s been said, and the future looks that way too. The US is no place to deploy
September 28, 2015 Read Full Article
Total Plans $500 Million Annual Investment in Renewable Energy
by Javier Blas (Bloomberg Business) French oil company targets `fast growing' solar and biofuels; Total already owns majority stake in U.S. solar firm SunPower -- Total SA plans to invest $500 million a year in renewable energy, a step by Europe’s
September 24, 2015 Read Full Article
Statement from Advanced Biofuels USA in Response to International Climate Science Coalition Press Release
(Advanced Biofuels USA) In the spirit of Pope Francis, and in response to press release from the International Climate Science Coalition's (ICSC) we invite the ICSC to join Advanced Biofuels USA and the biofuels community to find and institute ever
September 24, 2015 Read Full Article
Pope on Wrong Side of History on Climate Change - Global Warming Policies Are the Real Threat to the World's Most Vulnerable People
(International Climate Science Coalition/PR Newswire) "Rather than simply follow the United Nations on climate change, Pope Francis must consider whether U.N. climate policies are doing more harm than good," said Tom Harris, Executive Director of the Ottawa, Canada-based International Climate Science
September 24, 2015 Read Full Article
Crack Spread, Crush Spread, Fuse Spread
by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... The most fundamental economic in the oil & gas business has historically been the crack spread, which is the price difference between the value of crude oil and the underlying products after refined, or “cracked”.
September 24, 2015 Read Full Article
Senate Democrats Introduce Comprehensive National Energy Bill
by Susanne Retka Schill (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Senate democrats introduced a national energy bill Sept. 22 that they says offers a pathway to a cleaner energy future and economy. The American Energy Innovation Act of 2015 takes a multi-faceted approach,
September 23, 2015 Read Full Article
EU Extends Import Duties on U.S. biodiesel to 2020
(Reuters) The European Union is extending anti-dumping and anti-subsidy duties imposed on U.S. biodiesel imports for a further five years, until September 2020, maintaining its defence against trade in the renewable fuel source. The bloc set the duties in 2009 on
September 22, 2015 Read Full Article
Abu Dhabi Bio Jet Fuel Project Nears Test Stage
by Alexander Cornwell (Gulf News Aviation ) Boeing, together with Etihad Airways, Takreer, Masdar and Total, has been working since January 2014 to develop biofuel in emirate -- An initiative to produce environmentally friendly aviation jet fuel in Abu Dhabi is progressing.
September 22, 2015 Read Full Article
The Digest’s 2015 6-Minute Country Guide to France’s Advanced Bioeconomy
by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Mandates and national consumption Key takeaway: France is part of the EU and its overall Renewable Energy Directive, and is ramping up national targets. But think chemicals as well. France is the EU’s 2nd largest producer,
September 22, 2015 Read Full Article
States Get Targets for Ethanol Production
by Banikinkar Pattanayak (The Financial Express) Food department asks major producers to ramp up ethanol supply in a bid to promote its blending with petrol -- Close on the heels of Prime Minister Narendra Modidirecting various ministries to try and make
September 22, 2015 Read Full Article
California’s Legislature Drops Petroleum Reduction to Pass SB 350; Approves Escalating State Procurement of Very Low Carbon Fuels; and Leaves Nearly $1B of Cap and Trade Revenue on the Table
by Graham Noyes (Biofuels Digest/Low Carbon Fuels Coalition) The first year of California’s legislative session ended dramatically with a mix of successes and setbacks for the low carbon fuel industry. California leads the nation on policies to combat climate change
September 22, 2015 Read Full Article
Algae at the Crossroads: Tackling Big Markets, Big Challenges in the New Carbon Economy
by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The make-or-break moment for algae-based and cyanobacteria fuels is nigh upon us, and it turns on the prospects for carbon capture and use. Will policymakers enable low-cost carbon to become available for this nascent, petroleum-displacing
September 22, 2015 Read Full Article
Final EnAlgae Report Card Published ahead of Close out
(EnAlgae) The final report card for the EnAlgae project has been published and is now available online. Focusing on products and impact, the report summarises the work undertaken during the lifetime of the project and highlights the legacies that will
September 22, 2015 Read Full Article
Time to Cap Fossil Fuel Pollution
by Mike Bryan (Ethanol Producer Magazine) Instead of setting a blend wall for ethanol, why not set a fossil fuel pollution cap, writes Mike Bryan of BBI International. -- ... I have a crazy idea. Instead of setting a blend wall
September 21, 2015 Read Full Article
India Targets 20% Blending of Diesel to Biodiesel by 2017
by Zandile Mavuso (Engineering News) The Indian government is planning to boost the use of biofuels in transport fuels after recognising the country’s major contribution to air pollution. Owing to this, a proposal by the Ministry of New and Renewable
September 21, 2015 Read Full Article
Pataki Flips Stance on Renewable Fuel Standard
by Linh Ta (Des Moines Register) Former New York Gov. George Pataki said Saturday that he would keep the government's promise of the Renewable Fuel Standard, changing his stance on the issue since discussing it in Iowa in March. "It's quite
September 21, 2015 Read Full Article
Rural Issues Focus of 3 Candidates' Stops in West Des Moines
by Kim Norvell (Des Moines Register) ... U.S. Sen. Ted Cruz and former senators Jim Webb and Rick Santorum were invited by the agricultural network to a taping of its Rural Town Hall, a one-hour TV show where presidential candidates discuss their
September 21, 2015 Read Full Article
Aemetis Breaks the Blending Barrier in India with High Quality Distilled Biodiesel
(Aemetis) Aemetis, Inc. (NASDAQ: AMTX), an advanced renewable fuels and biochemicals company, announced distilled biodiesel produced by its subsidiary in India has been used by bulk customers to replace 100% petroleum diesel with 100% distilled biodiesel, reducing emissions by
September 21, 2015 Read Full Article
Oregon's Clean Fuels Law Ignites More Political Wrangling
by Ian K. Kullgren (The Oregonian/Oregon Live) ... One of the law's biggest advocates threatened to join forces with opponents this week over proposed changes. A new environmental coalition launched ads attacking proposed ballot measures. Lawsuits are pending in state and
September 21, 2015 Read Full Article
Executives Criticize RFS Delays on Cellulosic Growth
by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com) Executives from the advanced biofuels industry are criticizing the Obama Administration for not adhering to its promise to support the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS). They say the lack of adhering to mandates has undercut investment in
September 21, 2015 Read Full Article
Zero Emission Vehicles: Not Really
by Don Siefkes, Debbie Baron and Eileen Broderick (E100 Ethanol Group, Mendo Alcohol Fuel Group) ... California Governor Jerry Brown and other Governors, the California Air Resources Board (CARB), and much of the major media are continuing their unnerving habit
September 21, 2015 Read Full Article
White House Needs Political Courage to Support RFS Targets, Climate Goals
(25 x '25) DOE late last week issued its second Quadrennial Technology Review (QTR), which department officials say examines the current status of clean energy technologies and identifies hundreds of clean energy research opportunities. ... So while the Obama administration would use
September 17, 2015 Read Full Article
David Attenborough Backs Huge Apollo-Style Clean Energy Research Plan
by Damian Carrington (The Guardian) Naturalist says 10-year public research and development programme, that would emulate race to put men on the moon, could halt climate change -- ... In a letter to the Guardian, the group argue that the approach,
September 16, 2015 Read Full Article
BIO Analysis: Oil Companies Set to Lose Trillions
by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com) A recasting of oil industry data from a recent NERA Economic Consulting study prepared for the American Petroleum Institute (API) found the oil industry would be economically harmed by more than $12.3 trillion in potential profits
September 16, 2015 Read Full Article
Bernie Sanders Embraces Corn Power
by Alan Bjerja (Bloomberg) Will the Vermont senator's thumbs-up for ethanol spell problems for Hillary Clinton in the heartland? ... The statement praising Sanders came after a Sunday interview on Iowa TV in which the Vermont senator embraced corn-based ethanol and the
September 16, 2015 Read Full Article
Illinois Corn Working to Support #Ethanol, E15
by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com) ... One such initiative is working with key players in Chicago to get 150 E15 stations up and running in the city. A piece of legislation is sitting with the Alderman and the mayor and Hartman hopes
September 15, 2015 Read Full Article
Ethanol Not 'Racket'
by Barry Blitstein (TribLive) Letter to Editor: Regarding the editorial “The ethanol racket: More perversion” : Calling the ethanol industry a “racket” as if it were a form of organized crime is nothing short of scandalous. ... Ethanol is the cheapest and safest
September 15, 2015 Read Full Article
Fuel Retailers Worried about Ethanol Mandate
by Jim Alouat (News Mail) ... Wessel Petroleum managing director Paul Wessel, who owns about 20 service stations in Queensland including several in Bundaberg, said the 2% ethanol mandate proposed by the State Government was detrimental to independent service stations. "You
September 15, 2015 Read Full Article
Neste Breaks Ground on World's First Bio LPG Facility in Rotterdam
(Neste Corporation) The ground-breaking ceremony held today at Neste's renewable product refinery in Rotterdam marks the beginning of construction for the world's first Bio LPG production facility. The EUR 60 million facility will start production of Bio LPG in the
September 15, 2015 Read Full Article
Our 7.4 Year Mission, to Boldly Go Where No Biotech Has Gone before: 3 Bioeconomy Must-Reads
by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Reports from the EIA, IRENA and Lux Research give key pointers for current trends and a look at “how long does it take to stand up a technology?” ... The US Energy Information Administration updated it’s
September 15, 2015 Read Full Article
Walnut Creek Switches City Fleet to Renewable Diesel Fuel
by Bea Karnes (Walnut Creek Patch) The fuel is used in street sweepers, dump trucks, backhoes, lawn mowers and other equipment. -- Walnut Creek got a little greener last week after the city started pumping renewable diesel fuel into its diesel-powered
September 15, 2015 Read Full Article
Survey: Americans Don't Want to Pay for Neighbor's EV
(American Energy Alliance) Today, the American Energy Alliance released a new survey examining voters’ attitudes toward transportation policy, specifically government support for electric vehicles. The results show that Americans are deeply skeptical of government making decisions for them with respect
September 15, 2015 Read Full Article
Why Activists Are Pushing a ‘Supply Side’ Strategy for Fighting Climate Change
by Chris Mooney (The Washington Post) Even as President Obama further amplifies his rhetoric about addressing climate change, a coalition of environmental organizations released a letter Monday seeking to push his administration much further still. Not content with recently announced curbs on emissions
September 15, 2015 Read Full Article
National Biodiesel Board Responds to Protectionist EU Trade Policy
(National Biodiesel Board) The National Biodiesel Board (NBB) released the following statement from Anne Steckel, vice president of federal affairs, regarding the European Commission’s decision announced Tuesday to extend protectionist trade duties that have blocked U.S. biodiesel from the European
September 15, 2015 Read Full Article
Farmers to Be Permitted to Produce Ethanol: PM
(Economic Times) In a bid to to make environment "clean, green and pollution free", Prime Minister Narendra Modi today said the Centre will shortly permit the farmers in Punjab to produce ethanol from maize. Addressing a rally here, the Prime Minister
September 14, 2015 Read Full Article
Winning Coalitions for Climate Policy
by Jonas Meckling, Nina Kelsey, Eric Biber, John Zysman (Science Magazine) The gap is wide between the implications of climate science and the achievements of climate policy. Natural sciences tell us with increasing certainty that climate change is real, dangerous, and solvable;
September 14, 2015 Read Full Article
Jerry Brown: “Oil Lobby Gutted California’s Climate Bill”
by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In California, Gov. Jerry Brown called the derailment of efforts to cut gasoline cosumption “a well-financed oil industry effort”, but Brown vowed to keep pushing on efforts to reduce the state’s petroleum usage. From California, the
September 14, 2015 Read Full Article
UN Data Shows That Ethanol is Not Causing Food Price Rises
(Global Renewable Fuels Alliance) The UN FAO has released data showing that global food prices have experience the steepest monthly drop since 2008, casting doubt upon concerns about the impact of ethanol production in food price increases. The recent decline
September 14, 2015 Read Full Article
USDA Invests $100M in Renewable Fuel Pumps: The Deep Dive into Who Got What, and How the Landscape Shifts
by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) USDA announces state finalists for the Biofuel Infrastructure Partnership. Will it move the needle? The Digest investigates. In Washington, US Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack announced that 21 states will receive grants through the Biofuel Infrastructure
September 14, 2015 Read Full Article
Urban Air Iniative: Real Economic Harm Is to Keep Using Gasoline
(Urban Air Initiative/Ethanol Producer Magazine) Officials from the Urban Air Initiative called the recent effort by the American Petroleum Institute to discredit ethanol a smokescreen to hide the fact that the toxic components in gasoline are endangering the lives of millions
September 14, 2015 Read Full Article
Biodiesel Retail Sales by Government Oil Marketing Companies Fuels Aemetis Growth in India
(Aemetis) Aemetis, Inc. (NASDAQ: AMTX), an advanced renewable fuels and biochemicals company, today (September 9, 2015) announced that biodiesel produced by its Aemetis subsidiary in India has begun to be sold at retail outlets owned by one of the three
September 14, 2015 Read Full Article
H1 Bioethanol Output in Germany Inches up but Demand Falls 3.7%
(See News Renewables) ... According to the newly-released figures, food crops again accounted for the largest share of Germany’s bioethanol output at nearly 63.4%. Meanwhile, there was a 21.1% year-on-year jump in the production of ethanol from sugar beet. It reached
September 11, 2015 Read Full Article
US Cannot Abandon Biofuels Global Leadership
by Bliss Baker (Ethanol Producer Magazine/Global Renewable Fuels Association) ... Since then it has helped the U.S. diversify its energy supply mix, eased dependence on foreign oil and boosted rural economies across the country. This success has been envied and emulated
September 11, 2015 Read Full Article
Dear EPA: The RFS Supports Food AND Fuel
by Coral Didion (Renewable Fuels Association) Food versus fuel is the misconception that we are diverting farmland and crops toward biofuel production to the detriment of the food supply. Didion Milling, which has been in business since 1972, producing corn meal,
September 11, 2015 Read Full Article
An Alternative Path to Alternative Fuels: The Digest’s 2015 8-Slide Guide to Israel’s Fuel Choices Initiative
by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) “We choose to live in a world free of dependence on crude oil, with a variety of clean and accessible means of transportation.” Israel’s main effort in addressing this global challenge is the national program for
September 11, 2015 Read Full Article
Energy Department Releases Second Quadrennial Technology Review
(US Department of Energy) Research Opportunities Highlighted in Report Lay Out Options for America’s Clean Energy Future -- Today (September 10, 2015), the Energy Department released its second Quadrennial Technology Review (QTR), which examines the current status of clean energy technologies
September 11, 2015 Read Full Article
Methanol’s Moment: With Low Prices, and Proven Process, Is Meth Your New Best Friend?
by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Methanol is gaining momentum as a low-carbon fuels target, as Enerkem starts producing in Edmonton. Why methanol, why now? Here, we look at the technology and market rationale for this rising trend. As we reported earlier
September 11, 2015 Read Full Article
How Much Is the US Really Investing in Biofuels Research?
by Robert E. Kozak* (Advanced Biofuels USA) I, like many of you reading this, am working on a concept paper for the US Department of Energy/Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy’s recent Bioenergy Technologies Incubator 2 Funding Opportunity (DE‐FOA‐0001320). This
September 10, 2015 Read Full Article
USDA Announces State Finalists for the Biofuel Infrastructure Partnership
(US Department of Agriculture) Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack today announced that 21 states will receive grants through the Biofuel Infrastructure Partnership (BIP) to add infrastructure needed to supply more renewable fuel to America's drivers. Since announcing the program in May
September 10, 2015 Read Full Article
API Study Claims RFS Damage: Biofuel Producers Pan Oil Industry Study Attacking Ethanol
by Todd Neeley (DTN The Progressive Farmer) ... Biofuels interest groups denounced the study as a rehash of a similar effort in 2012 that made predictions that were provably false. ... Biofuels interest groups countered that the NERA study is just a
September 10, 2015 Read Full Article
Is U.S. Commitment to Renewable Fuels Waning?
by John Sedbrook (Chicago Business) ... The Obama administration has taken laudable strides to reconcile fossil fuel dependence and climate change. In the past few months, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency announced new efforts to curb emissions from airlines, heavy-duty trucks
September 10, 2015 Read Full Article
Jerry Brown, Kevin de Leon Abandon Legislative Push to Require 50 Percent Cut in Gasoline Use
by David Siders and Jeremy B. White (Sacramento Bee) Major setback for California governor’s climate agenda; Decision comes amid resistance from moderate Democrats; Brown pledges to use executive power to reduce emissions In a major setback for Gov. Jerry Brown’s climate agenda,
September 10, 2015 Read Full Article
Biodiesel Retail Sales by Government Oil Marketing Companies Fuels Aemetis Growth in India
(Baystreet/AccessWire/Aemetis) Aemetis, Inc. (NASDAQ: AMTX), an advanced renewable fuels and biochemicals company, today announced that biodiesel produced by its Aemetis subsidiary in India has begun to be sold at retail outlets owned by one of the three major India Government
September 10, 2015 Read Full Article
China: Biofuels Annual
(US Department of Agriculture) China is a major producer of biofuels and production continues to increase. However, it is unclear how the government will meet its ambitious targets for continued expansion given its decision to limit grainbased biofuel production and the limited
September 10, 2015 Read Full Article
How Political Pressure Is Building to Combat Urban Air Pollution – and Creating an Opportunity for Cellulosic Ethanol
by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The Digest speaks with Sebastian Soederberg, Novozymes’ VP for Biomass Conversion, on how the emotional issue of city smog is creating an opening for cellulosic ethanol, even with currently low oil prices. ... Let me start with air
September 09, 2015 Read Full Article
Study: US Ethanol Mandates Could Cause Severe Harm to Consumers, Economy
(American Petroleum Institute) The statutory biofuel mandates under the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) are infeasible to achieve in 2015 and beyond and could cause severe harm to consumers and the U.S. economy, according to a study by NERA Economic Consulting
September 09, 2015 Read Full Article
California Takes the Lead on Climate Policy
by Steven Cohen (Huffington Post/Columbia University's Earth Institute) ... As Alejandro Lazo reported in the Wall Street Journal last week: Democrats in California, which already has the toughest climate-change rules in the U.S., are pushing to strengthen them drastically, an effort that
September 09, 2015 Read Full Article
World’s Largest Producer Of Industrial Enzymes Comes Out Swinging For Biofuel (CT Exclusive Interview)
by Tina Casey (Clean Technica) The global biotech firm Novozymes has been sailing under the CleanTechnica radar, but we did take note earlier this year when Novozymes CEO Peder Holk Nielsen had some pithy things to say about the global
September 09, 2015 Read Full Article
Brazilian Ethanol Industry Divided on Issue of Direct Sales to Retailers
by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest) In Brazil, the idea that mills could sell ethanol directly to filling stations rather than via fuel distribution systems as is currently the case is a topic still under debate by the sugar industry. Some
September 09, 2015 Read Full Article
U.S. Biofuels Boom Threatens Brazilian Organic Farmers
(Foodtank.com) ... Miraci Pereira Silva is an organic farmer from the Roseli Nunes settlement in western Brazil. For years, together with other members of her community, she has grown crops like lettuce, beans, and papaya, which are sold locally and provide
September 08, 2015 Read Full Article
Does EPA’s Left Hand Know What Its Right Hand Is Doing on Octane and CO2?
by Brent Erickson (Biotechnology Innovation Organization/Biofuels Digest) The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has begun to examine boosting gasoline octane ratings to achieve greater greenhouse gas emission control standards for passenger vehicles after 2025. Higher octane ratings would enable increased fuel
September 08, 2015 Read Full Article
Peppler: Renewable Fuel Standard Remains Critical to Colorado
by Kent Peppler (Colorado Statesman/Rocky Mountain Farmers Union) ... Rocky Mountain Farmers Union supports a strong RFS, and so should Colorado’s congressional delegation. ... Closer to home, the RFS has been a boost to Colorado farmers and our economy. According
September 08, 2015 Read Full Article
How Viable Is Ethanol? Profit Margins Decrease as Corn Prices Drop from 2014
by Will Buss (Belleville News-Democrat) Ethanol producers’ profit margins have been squeezed while gasoline prices have fluctuated and oil prices have dropped. However, the biofuels industry is holding to its firm belief in the clean and renewable resource. Crude oil prices
September 08, 2015 Read Full Article
Is HVO the Holy Grail of the World Biodiesel Market?
(Greenea) Overcapacity, shortage of sustainable feedstock, blending wall… they all contribute to the increasingly challenging situation on the biodiesel market in Europe. At the same time, new HVO investments start to pop up like mushrooms after a rain. But can
September 08, 2015 Read Full Article
Iowa Has the Blueprint for Energy Independence
by Governor Terry Branstad (The Gazette) ... The good news is that America has a blueprint for becoming energy independent through renewable energy sources, and that blueprint is right here in Iowa. I support an all-of-the-above energy approach, including traditional resources, but
September 04, 2015 Read Full Article
Relevance of Biofuel as UAE Petrol Sector Evolves
by Alexander Pieri (ConstructionWeekOnline) ... But when a large part of your business involves the management of a fleet of vehicles, a viable alternative to costly petrol needs to be considered. Such is the case with Transguard Group’s CSR-driven biofuel initiative that
September 04, 2015 Read Full Article
Consuming Greens
by Sean Gallagher (School Transportation News) ... While diesel continues to power the vast majority of the nation’s fleet, school districts have still responded with giant leaps forward in promoting greener technologies for bus fleets with the use of alternative fuels, such
September 04, 2015 Read Full Article
Could Diesel Made from Air Help Tackle Climate Change?
by Padraig Belton (BBC) ... German company Sunfire produced its first batches of so-called e-diesel in April. Federal Minister of Education and Research, Johanna Wanka, put a few litres in her car, to celebrate. And the Canadian company Carbon Engineering has just
September 04, 2015 Read Full Article
Fuelling Mackay’s Job Market into the Future
by Emily Smith (Daily Mercury) NOTHING creates jobs like the resource industry. It's a widely held view in the Mackay region but Carl Morton is throwing it up for debate. The national operations manager for Wilmar's bioethanol distillery said employment
September 04, 2015 Read Full Article
IEA Bioenergy Newsletter Features New Zealand Biofuel Prospects
by Katie Fletcher (Biomass Magazine) IEA Bioenergy Task 39, a group of international experts working to commercialize sustainable transportation biofuels, recently released its latest newsletter, featuring an update on opportunities for biofuels in New Zealand. Newsletter Issue No. 40 distributed by
September 04, 2015 Read Full Article
Turning Garbage Into Profit
by Olga Grigoryants (Pacific Standard) Last year, Simi Valley Landfill entered what is becoming a fast-growing business of transforming fetid odors from decaying trash into fuel, a feat made possible by the miracles of modern chemistry and government subsidies. ... Last year, the
September 03, 2015 Read Full Article
Biofuel Use in International Markets: The Importance of Trade
by Jayson Beckman (US Department of Agriculture) Global biofuel production rose tremendously over 2001-13, led largely by rapid growth in the United States and the European Union (EU). Brazil, the second largest biofuel producer, doubled its production in that span. A
September 03, 2015 Read Full Article
Huckabee Calls out D.C. 'Double Standard'
by Maya Kliger (Des Moines Register) ... When asked about supporting the Renewable Fuel Standard, Huckabee said he stands by it because the government has an obligation to fulfill its promise. "It was the government who encouraged people to get into renewable fuels
September 02, 2015 Read Full Article
Qld Govt to Introduce Mandatory Quotas of Ethanol-Fuel at Petrol Stations
by Eleanor Hall and Eric Tlozek (ABC) The Queensland Government is preparing to reintroduce a requirement for service stations to sell a minimum amount of ethanol-blended petrol. Ethanol is derived from sugar cane and grain and while some say a
September 02, 2015 Read Full Article
Fuels America Coalition Releases More Ads on RFS
(WNAX) Monday, the Fuels America Coalition took out the third advertisement in the last two weeks to pressure the President and EPA to raise the volume levels under the RFS. It’s based on his climate change goals. Nebraska Ethanol Board
September 02, 2015 Read Full Article
PM Prompts Consumption of Ethanol Gasoline
by Lam Nguyen (Saigon GP Daily) Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung has issued an instruction prompting relevant agencies to implement measures to boost production and consumption of ethanol gasoline blends E5 and E10 including price reduction. ... Petrol wholesale businesses and local
September 02, 2015 Read Full Article
Aviation and Greenhouse Gas Reductions: A Role for Renewable Jet Fuels
by Tom Ewing (Renewable Energy World) In a July 1 Federal Register notice, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) presented plans to control greenhouse gases (GHG) from aircraft. In August, in Washington, D.C., EPA held a hearing on its proposal.
September 02, 2015 Read Full Article
No, Obama Isn’t a Climate Hypocrite
by Stephen Stromberg (The Washington Post) President Obama declared climate change to be the defining threat of the century in Alaska this week, before he literally hiked a melting glacier. But, once again proving that virtually nothing will be enough for
September 02, 2015 Read Full Article
As California Sizzles: The Digest’s 2015 8-Slide Guide to California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard
by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Propel operates 43 Flex Fuel and 31 Biodiesel retail locations statewide, representing over 50,000 clean fuel transactions per month and 10,000,000 gallons of fuel sold to individual consumers annually. Between 2012 and 2014, Propel Fuels conducted
September 01, 2015 Read Full Article
Scorching Summer Drives California Innovation and Biofuels
by Graham Noyes (Low Carbon Fuels Coalition/Biofuels Digest) California’s politicians and people are responding to the state’s increasingly dire symptoms of climate change with innovation, resolve, and biofuel policies. California’s determination to recapture its milder and less fire-prone environment is best
September 01, 2015 Read Full Article
Fuels America Ad Targets Obama, Decries RFS Proposal
(Fuels America/Ethanol Producer Magazine) Fuels America is sponsoring a full page ad Monday in the Las Vegas Review-Journal, aimed at President Obama during his appearance at the National Clean Energy Summit in Nevada, where he is the keynote speaker. The ad
August 30, 2015 Read Full Article
Stepping Up Progress in Algal Biotechnology
by Matt Carr (Algae Biomass Organization/Industrial Biotechnology) Algae, with their ability to consume carbon dioxide and create oxygen, are widely credited with creating the environment for life as we know it on the planet. Today, they are increasingly being seen
August 28, 2015 Read Full Article
Evidence Shows RFS is Critical to Meeting GHG Reduction Goals
(25 x '25) Given the commitment the Obama administration has long shown to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and reversing the changes they are making on our climate, the White House’s deaf ear when it comes to sustaining the development
August 28, 2015 Read Full Article
Is the Third Time the Charm?
by Michael McAdams (Advanced Biofuels Association/Biomass Magazine) ... As many of you know, the RFS was created to “reduce dependence on foreign sources of petroleum, increase domestic sources of energy, and help transition to alternatives to petroleum in the transportation sector”
August 28, 2015 Read Full Article
The Inevitable Battle
by Tim Portz (Biomass Magazine) ... Ours is an industry looking to take market share, often in declining markets, from well-entrenched incumbents who can only be expected to rabidly defend their enviable market position. In nearly every category, industry groups are
August 28, 2015 Read Full Article
India Issues Local Tender to Buy Ethanol for Blending
(Reuters) India's state oil retailers have issued a local tender to buy 2.7 billion litres of ethanol to be blended with gasoline, weeks after Prime Minister Narendra Modi called for higher use of the sugarcane by-product to help over-supplied sugar
August 28, 2015 Read Full Article
Food Waste And Beef Fat Will Be Making Airplanes Soar
by Abbie Fentress Swanson (National Public Radio) ... A growing number of biofuel producers are teaming up with farms, meatpackers and waste management companies to tap gassy waste to meet new demand for renewable jet fuel and diesel for vehicles. Lots of
August 28, 2015 Read Full Article
Do Liberals Hate Biofuels?
by Douglas L. Faulkner (Biofuels Digest) Most liberals don’t hate biofuels. But most don’t love them either, mainly because of their underlying environmental concerns about first-generation biofuels, corn starch ethanol and soy biodiesel. The left’s deep ambivalence toward biofuels is thus
August 28, 2015 Read Full Article
Renewable Jet Fuel Is Taking Flight
by Zia Haq (US Department of Energy) It’s been one year since we at the Energy Department ramped up our efforts to develop renewable jet fuel for the military and commercial aviation industry. The Department’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) joined
August 27, 2015 Read Full Article
In Iowa, Clinton Backs Ethanol as Part of Rural Aid Plan
By Anne Gearan (The Washington Post) ... The Democratic front-runner’s rural aid package contains an endorsement for ethanol, the corn-based fuel additive. Iowa is the world’s largest producer of ethanol, which is at the center of an environmental and resources debate
August 27, 2015 Read Full Article
CEC Biofuels Review on September 18
(Fleets and Fuels) Biofuel And Biomethane ‘Lessons Learned and Pitfalls to Avoid’ -- The California Energy Commission is planning a Technology Merit Review “to highlight key ingredients for successful development of biofuel and biomethane projects.” The September 18 meeting in
August 26, 2015 Read Full Article
Reign in the EPA Say Republican Candidates
by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com) The last batch of Republican presidential candidates took the Soapbox stage during the last weekend of the Iowa State Fair. New Jersey Governor Chris Christie (R) took a different approach and only answered questions. ... When asked
August 26, 2015 Read Full Article
India Proposes National Policy On Biofuels
by Smiti Mittal (Clean Technica) Air pollution is finally being recognised as a major environmental problem in India, and transportation has been identified as a major contributor. To address this problem, the Indian government is planning to boost the use
August 26, 2015 Read Full Article
Grassley Pressures EPA on Biofuel Targets
by Jason W. Brooks (Newton Daily News) ... U.S. Senator Chuck Grassley spoke with the Newton Daily News about RFS issues in a recent conference call. Grassley said there are number of ways Congress can attempt to persuade the EPA to
August 26, 2015 Read Full Article
Gabe Corey: EPA Wants to Roll back Biofuel Progress
by Gabe Corey (Battle Creek Enquirer) Michigan agriculture is driving our economy forward — and ethanol is a major factor in this success. Ethanol supports more than 22,000 jobs in Michigan, while pumping more than $4 billion into our state’s
August 26, 2015 Read Full Article
Researchers: All Finnish Energy Could Be Renewable in 35 Years
(yle) Researchers say that in 35 years, Finland could theoretically get all of its energy needs using only renewable energy sources. Researchers at the Lappeenranta University of Technology say they've found ways to make such a transition feasible, both economically
August 25, 2015 Read Full Article
MSW and the Promise of Biotechnology
by James L. Stewart (MSW Management/Biofuels Digest) When it comes to its progress in achieving zero waste to landfills, the United States is on a par with Slovenia and the Czech Republic. -- On average, the top eight countries in Europe
August 25, 2015 Read Full Article
Is Cellulosic Biofuel Ready for Prime Time?
by Rob Nikolewski (Watchdog.org) ... Brooke Coleman, executive director at the Advanced Ethanol Council, counters by saying the industry is at an inherent disadvantage compared to oil companies and is ready for prime time. “Once cellulosic biofuel breaks through on a commercial
August 25, 2015 Read Full Article
COP21 Offers Opportunity to Relaunch Biofuels Debate
by Robert Wright (Ethanol Producer Magazine/ePURE ) While the EU has put strict sustainability rules on biofuels, little to no discussion has taken place about developing similar rules for fossil fuels, writes Robert Wright. -- It’s time to relaunch the debate
August 25, 2015 Read Full Article
EPA Cannot Quit on RFS
by Brian Jennings (Ethanol Producer Magazine/American Coalition for Ethanol) I’d like to introduce you to some of the people who are proof that good things come when the U.S. EPA and other policymakers in Washington have the courage to
August 25, 2015 Read Full Article
NMC Set to Launch Ethanol Buses without GB’s Consent
by Anjaya Anparthi (The Times of India) In a controversial move, the Nagpur Municipal Corporation (NMC) will launch the nation's first ethanol-run bus project without consent from all corporators. The BJP-led ruling alliance ensured that the proposal on the project got
August 24, 2015 Read Full Article
Eco System Needed to Make Ethanol Blending Sustainable: Pramod Chaudhari
by Sanjay Jog (Business Standard) Interview with CII National Bioenergy Committee chairman and Praj Industries executive chairman -- The Union ministry of new and renewable energy last week sought comments on reframing the National Biofuels Policy. The policy seeks allowing producers to
August 24, 2015 Read Full Article
New Study: Biofuel Use Saved 589.3 Million Tons of Carbon Emissions Over the Past Decade
(Biotechnology Industry Organization) Over its 10-year lifespan, the Renewable Fuel Standard’s (RFS) requirement to substitute biofuels for fossil fuels has displaced nearly 1.9 billion barrels of foreign oil and reduced U.S. transportation-related carbon emissions by 589.33 million metric tons, the
August 24, 2015 Read Full Article
Christie Supports Fuel Standard
by Erin Murphy (WCF Courier) Multiple protests made for an eventful 20 minutes during Chris Christie’s turn on The Des Moines Register Political Soapbox stage on Saturday at the Iowa State Fair. Christie, a Republican candidate for president and New
August 24, 2015 Read Full Article
Gulf Bay Consulting Applauds Indian Government Decisions Regarding Biodiesel
(Gulf Bay Consulting/PR.com) With the rapid growth of global biodiesel consumption, emerging market countries like India are paving the way for higher usage of sustainable fuels. According to a recent report published by Economic Times, India is set to allow 100%
August 21, 2015 Read Full Article
New Data Shows EPA’s Emissions Model Regarding Ethanol is Flawed
by Kim Trinchet (Urban Air Initiative) New documents filed with the U.S Circuit Court of Appeals in Washington D.C. show that the model used by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to measure tailpipe emissions inaccurately blames ethanol for increased air
August 21, 2015 Read Full Article
You Want to Talk About Engine Problems? Take Ethanol out of Gasoline
by Kim Trinchet (Urban Air Initiative) One of the great misconceptions following ethanol is that it causes compatibility issues in certain engines. But new data shows that the opposite is true, and ethanol free gasoline blends actually increase much of
August 21, 2015 Read Full Article
IFAD Funding for Karnataka's Bio-Fuel Development Programme
by Jaideep Shenoy (Times of India) Karnataka's much touted bio-fuel development programme is set for a $50 million funding from International Fund for Agriculture Development (IFAD). Being given in the form of a soft loan with 1% interest and carrying a
August 21, 2015 Read Full Article
RFA Tells AMA to Stop Spreading Misinformation about E15
(Renewable Fuels Association) The Renewable Fuels Association (RFA) released the following statement in response to a press release issued by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA), in which the group calls on motorcycle riders to support legislation that would amend the
August 21, 2015 Read Full Article
Government Seeks Comments on Reframing National Biofuel Policy
(The Economic Times) The government has sought public comments on proposed changes in the National Policy on Biofuels that seeks allowing producers directly sell fuel to consumers especially bulk customers like railways. "Ministry of New and Renewable Energy invites Feedback/Views/Comments on
August 20, 2015 Read Full Article
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