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CAAFI Highlights Sustainable Alternative Jet Fuel Activities of 2017 and Plans for 2018

by Joanne Ivancic* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  The  Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative (CAAFI) has taken stock of its busy 2017 and has set priorities for 2018. Highlights on the sustainable alternative jet fuel (SAJF) front include development of many resources available

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The Sun Also Ryzes: Ryze Renewable Secures Financing, Heads for Commercial-Scale Advanced Biofuels in Nevada

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Today, we’d like to share news that a new biorefinery for diesel and jet fuel has finalized $112.6 million loan, backed by a USDA loan guarantee. This is Ryze Renewables, which will construct its biorefinery in Storey County,

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30 Hot Cellulosic Technologies, 30 Quick Takes

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Last week, DowDuPont said it was exiting the cellulosic biofuels business and you’d think that the company just burned down the warehouse with the original text of the Renewable Fuels Standard — the coverage of the

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Is Cellulosic Ethanol Dead? Despite Setbacks, Signs of Progress

by Jessie Stolark (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  ... Several factors have hindered the production of the volumes originally envisioned: extracting energy from cellulose proved much more difficult than extracting it from corn starch, challenges of collecting, moving and storing significant

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Abengoa to Build MSW-to-Biofuels Plant for Fulcrum BioEnergy

(Abengoa/Biomass Magazine)  Abengoa, the international company that applies innovative technology solutions for sustainability in infrastructures, energy and water sectors, has received notice to proceed on what will be the first plant that will produce biofuels from municipal solid waste (MSW) in

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Chicago! Fulcrum BioEnergy Picks the Midwest Hub for Its Next MSW-to-Jet Fuel Project

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) From California we received the news that Chicagoland has been selected as the site of Fulcrum BioEnergy’s second commercial-scale waste-to-fuels biorefinery. We reported last month that the long-awaited financing was completed for Fulcrum Bioenergy’s highly-anticipated first commercial project

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Heard on the Floor at ABLC Next 2017: Fulcrum Prices Bonds, GOP Governors’ Pro-Biofuels March on DC

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... In the biggest news sweeping the floor at ABLC Next 2017 and perhaps the biggest industrial biotechnology update of 2017, the long-awaited financing is approaching completion for Fulcrum Bioenergy’s highly-anticipated waste-to-fuels project in Nevada, that

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Anatomy of a Renewable Fuels Project: The Digest’s 2017 Multi-Slide Guide to Ryze Renewables’ Proposed Nevada Plants

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Ryze Renewables is developing two renewable fuels projects in the state of Nevada.  These documents published are available online via the state of Nevada as public records. While researching a related Digest story, Ryze had declined

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The Renewing of Nevada Renewable fuels and the Rise of Ryze Renewables

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Nevada, Ryze Renewables has two new renewable diesel projects totaling $250M now in planning for the Nevada and Las Vegas areas. ... This project is bigger: equipment costs have grown from $44 million to $73 million,

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Unstash That Trash: Material(s) Progress in Making Fuels, Chemicals from Municipal Solid Waste

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  News this week arrived from Canada that Enerkem has received the lowest carbon intensity value ever issued by the British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines for its ethanol product under the Renewable and Low

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Ice Plant to Help Fight Global Warming Effects on Bioenergy Crops

(University of Nevada, Reno/EurekAlert!) ... Biochemist and molecular biologist John Cushman at the University of Nevada, Reno will create a gene atlas for the common ice plant that will help find ways to allow bioenergy feedstocks to better tolerate salinity

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Government Policy Action Is Key to the Large-Scale Deployment of Aviation Biofuels, Hears ICAO Seminar

(GreenAir Online)  Although sustainable alternative fuels are key to meeting the aviation sector’s long-term emissions goals, supportive government policies are required to bring these fuels to global deployment. This was a central theme of last week’s ICAO Seminar on Alternative

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Gevo Enters On-Road Automobile Gasoline Market in Houston

(GEVO)  Expands on Previously Announced Partnership with Musket Corporation  --  Gevo, Inc.(NASDAQ:GEVO), announced today that gasoline blended with its isobutanol and marketed for use in automobiles has begun to be sold in the Houston area.  This marks the first time

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Air BP, BP Ventures Invest $30M in Biojet Producer Fulcrum Bioenergy; Ink 500M Gallon, 10-Year Offtake Deal

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In California, BP announced the creation of a strategic partnership between its BP Ventures and Air BP businesses with Fulcrum BioEnergy, a pioneer in the development and production of low-carbon jet fuel, in which BP

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USDA Results: Powering America with a More Sustainable Energy Future

(U.S. Department of Agriculture)  ... The Obama Administration has pursued a carefully balanced approach, deploying technologies that improve the very best of our existing energy sources, while rigorously implementing policies that invest in the second and third generations of tomorrow’s fuels. ... In

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Fulcrum Works to Convert Trash into Biofuel

by Annie Conway (Northern Nevada Business Weekly)  Fulcrum BioEnergy, a company based out of Pleasanton, Calif., has developed a process to convert household trash into biofuel. The company pioneered a technology that transforms municipal solid waste into low-carbon transportation fuels such

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Tesoro to Acquire Virent

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Wisconsin, Tesoro reached an agreement for Tesoro to acquire Virent. The acquisition, the partners said, will support the scale up and commercialization of Virent’s BioForming technology for the production of low carbon bio-based fuels

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Could A Lithium Shortage De-Rail The Electric Car Boom?

by James Stafford (OilPrice.com)  ... Lithium is our new fuel, but like fossil fuels, the reserves we’re currently tapping into are finite—and that’s what investors can take to the bank. ... And yet, despite this skepticism, lithium demand is rising steadily and

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Gevo Turns to Marine, Off-Road Markets With Latest Biofuel Deal

by Carleton English (The Street)  The Colorado biofuels company announced a partnership with Musket Corp. a week after a similar collaboration with Alaska Air.  --  ... The Colorado-based biofuels company announced that it partnered with Musket Corp., which is owned by

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USDA Announces More Than $8 Million in Payments to Support the Production of Advanced Biofuel

(US Department of Agriculture)  Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack announced today that the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is investing $8.8 million to boost the production of advanced biofuels and sustain jobs at renewable energy facilities in 39 states. USDA continues

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Tesla And Other Tech Giants Scramble For Lithium As Prices Double

by James Stafford (OilPrice.com)  Demand for lithium—the hottest commodity on the planet and the only commodity to show positive price movement in 2015—is poised to continue on its upward trajectory, becoming the world’s new gasoline and earning the moniker of

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Alternative Crops for Biofuel Gaining Attention

by Colleen Scherer (Ag Professional)  ... A recent University of Illinois study is using genetic markers to identify early developmental traits in Miscanthus that correlate with future yield. ... On a practical level, the researchers saw strong positive correlations between biomass yield and

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Fly the Eco-Friendly Skies: United to Launch 50% Jet Biofuels on LAX-SFO Route

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In California, United Airlines will be using jet biofuels produced by AltAir using Honeywell UOP technology on up to 150 flights a day out of Los Angeles, the Digest has learned. March 11. A two week,

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Researching A Rather Prickly Subject

by Brynne McMurray (Moapa Valley Progress)  Behind the University of Nevada Cooperative Extension Office in Logandale is a remarkable research project. In a unique garden spot, professors are investigating the biofuel and other properties of the prickly pear cactus. The project,

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Tesoro Makes Its Move on Renewable Biocrude

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Texas, Tesoro has unveiled its plan to foster the development of biocrude made from renewable biomass, which can be co-processed in its existing refineries, along with traditional crude oil. And the company has identified three

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Bullish on Biocrude: The Digest’s 2016 8-Slide Guide to Tesoro’s Biocrude Strategy and Partners

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Tesoro has unveiled its plan to foster the development of biocrude made from renewable biomass, which can be co-processed in its existing refineries, along with traditional crude oil. And the company has identified three new

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Cellulosic Biofuels Outlook: Abengoa Doubts May Not Affect Biofuels Industry

by Todd Neeley (DTN Progressive Farmer) Although the cellulosic ethanol industry has had some challenges, there is hope for the year ahead.  For some Midwest farmers, cellulosic ethanol's launch in the past two years has allowed them to put their corn

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Are We There Yet? A Biofuel Refinery Update

by Tom Ewing (Renewable Energy World)   As oil prices plummet, are drop-in aviation biofuel refineries ever going to be built?  ---  In September 2014, the Department of Energy (DOE), along with the Departments of the Navy and Agriculture, announced a

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Roadside Gumweed in Nevada Could Be Used as Jet Fuel for the Military

by Whip Villarreal (University of Nevada, Reno)  College of Ag, Biotech and Natural Resources leads research project at University of Nevada, Reno  --  Glenn Miller is leading the effort in a project at the University of Nevada, Reno to convert roadside

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Turn Your Halloween Pumpkins Into Power

(U.S. Department of Energy)  ... The Energy Department’s Bioenergy Technologies Office is working together with industry to develop and test integrated biorefineries—facilities capable of efficiently converting plant and waste material into affordable biofuels, biopower and other products. These projects are located around the country

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INSIGHT-Power Line Opponents Give Renewables Their Keystone Moment

by Nichola Groom (Reuters)  ... The visitor represented Clean Line Energy Partners LLC, a Texas company established to build transmission lines for carrying wind and solar power. He had come to tell (Dave) Ulery about a planned line that would cut

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Third Person Sentenced in Las Vegas for International Biofuel Fraud Conspiracy

(Federal Bureau of Investigation)  Alex Jariv, 28, of Las Vegas, Nevada, was sentenced today in federal court to 30 months in prison and three years of supervised release for his role in illegal schemes to generate and sell fraudulent biodiesel

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Waste Makes Haste: The Digest’s 2015 8-Slide Guide to Fulcrum BioEnergy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Fulcrum BioEnergy has developed a “game-changing process for converting municipal solid waste that would otherwise be landfilled, into renewable transportation fuels including syncrude, jet fuel and diesel”. The company has successfully proven and demonstrated this

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Consuming Greens

by Sean Gallagher (School Transportation News)  ... While diesel continues to power the vast majority of the nation’s fleet, school districts have still responded with giant leaps forward in promoting greener technologies for bus fleets with the use of alternative fuels, such

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Aviation and Greenhouse Gas Reductions: A Role for Renewable Jet Fuels

by Tom Ewing (Renewable Energy World)  In a July 1 Federal Register notice, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) presented plans to control greenhouse gases (GHG) from aircraft. In August, in Washington, D.C., EPA held a hearing on its proposal.

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Fuels America Ad Targets Obama, Decries RFS Proposal

(Fuels America/Ethanol Producer Magazine)   Fuels America is sponsoring a full page ad Monday in the Las Vegas Review-Journal, aimed at President Obama during his appearance at the National Clean Energy Summit in Nevada, where he is the keynote speaker. The ad

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Renewable Jet Fuel Is Taking Flight

by Zia Haq (US Department of Energy)  It’s been one year since we at the Energy Department ramped up our efforts to develop renewable jet fuel for the military and commercial aviation industry. The Department’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) joined

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Two Men Sentenced and Another Pleads Guilty in Las Vegas in International Biofuels Fraud Scheme

(US Federal Bureau of Investigation)  James Jariv, 64, of Las Vegas, Nevada, was sentenced in federal court in Las Vegas today to ten years in prison for his role in illegal schemes to generate fraudulent biodiesel credits and to export

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Voters Want Pro Clean Energy Prez Candidates

by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com)  NextGen Climate has released the results of a survey that finds voters in key presidential swing states support transitioning to at least 50 percent clean energy by 2030. Hart Research conducted the poll in eight battleground

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United Airlines Invests in Biofuels

(SustainableBusiness.com)  A few years ago, we were hearing a lot about airlines testing and beginning to run on biofuels (combined with petroleum). With the latest announcements, are we ready for take off? This summer, United Airlines begins flying from Los Angeles to San

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Flogas Group Signs Letter of Intent with Sparks-based Alkcon Corporation

(Alcon Corporation)  Alkcon Corporation (the "Company"), a developer of natural gas processing equipment, has entered into an exclusivity agreement and a Letter of Intent with Flogas Group ("Flogas") of Leicestershire, England. The agreement grants Flogas the exclusive right to market and sell the

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What’s up with Algae Now?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... 31 Algae players, what do they make now, and how are they making out? ... Here’s our company by company guide to 31 of the players on the scene — project developers and technology suppliers. ... AlgaEnergy AlgaEnergy is

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EDITORIAL: Congress Should Kill Ethanol Mandate

(Las Vegas Review-Journal)  ... Although auto manufacturers have longed warned against using gas containing more than 10 percent ethanol, the Environmental Protection Agency — along with misguided renewable-fuel advocates, the big agriculture lobby and their friends in elected office — pushed

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United Airlines Purchases Stake in Fulcrum BioEnergy with $30 Million Investment

(United Airlines/PR Newswire)  Airline has opportunity to purchase at least 90 million gallons of sustainable aviation biofuel a year -- Single largest investment by a U.S. airline in alternative fuels United Airlines today announced an historic $30 million equity investment in U.S.-based

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4 Minutes with… S. Kent Hoekman, Research Professor, Desert Research Institute (DRI)

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... DRI is the environmental research branch of the Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE). We are involved in evaluating environmental concerns and consequences of biomass/biofuel systems, from cradle to grave. In addition, we apply analytical

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USDA to Invest Up to $100 Million to Boost Infrastructure for Renewable Fuel Use, Seeking to Double Number of Higher Blend Renewable Fuel Pumps

(U.S. Department of Agriculture)  Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack today announced that the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) will invest up to $100 million in a Biofuels Infrastructure Partnership to support the infrastructure needed to make more renewable fuel options available

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Fulcrum BioEnergy Awards Engineering, Procurement And Construction Contract To Abengoa

(Fulcrum BioEnergy, Inc.)  Fixed-Price Contract Guarantees Cost, Schedule and Plant Performance --  Launches Commercialization of Fulcrum BioEnergy's Process for Converting Household Garbage into Low-Cost Renewable Jet Fuel and Diesel Fulcrum BioEnergy, Inc., announced today that it has awarded a $200 million

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Look, up in the Sky! The Best of the Aviation Biofuels Slides from ABLC 2015

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Great Scott! New molecules, new feedstocks, new technologies, and reaching scale — the best of the best.  At ABLC 2015, the focus on innovation included a complete program on aviaiton — and numerous producers elsewhere

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Biofuels Digest’s Advanced Bioeconomy Awards for 2015

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Project of the Year, Deal of the Year, Partnership of the Year, Chemical of the Year, and Cap Raise of the Year — who are the big winners?  Each year, the Digest recognizes projects, feedstocks, processing

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Eight under $70: Which Biofuels Ventures Can Beat out Cheap Oil?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Oil prices continue to show incredible volatility. $106 in June, $50 today. Which biofuels ventures have the pro-formas to make money in a tough market? The Digest investigates. ... Avello Bioenergy Cost: $57.50 per barrel (gasoline, diesel) Stage: Preparing for

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Green Star to Build Algae Facility in Las Vegas

(Algae Industry Magazine)  Green Star Products, Inc. (GSPI) has signed a contract to build a demonstration facility in Las Vegas, Nevada, to produce commercial quality algae. The Hybrid Algae Production System (HAPS) facility will be a premium showcase, 70,000 liters

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The 41 Weirdest Things Ever Used to Make Biofuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Bunnies, liposuction fat, Prince Charles’ leftover wine, day-old whale, the human poo bus, fire ants dipped in hexane, old beer, raging fireballs, vibrating blobs, dope, and even the New Orleans Times-Picayune.  Take your pick and,

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US Navy, DOE, USDA Award $210M for 3 Biorefineries and Mil-Spec Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Washington, the Department of Defense has awarded $210 million under the Defense Production Act to Emerald Biofuels, Fulcrum BioEnergy and Red Rock Bio towards the construction of biorefineries that produce cost-competitive, drop-in military biofuels. Under the grants, the

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USDA Announces Loan Guarantee to Help Innovative Company Turn Waste Into Renewable Jet Fuel

(US Department of Agriculture)  $105 Million loan guarantee provided through the Biorefinery Assistance Program Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack today announced that USDA has closed on a loan guarantee to Fulcrum Sierra Biofuels, LLC to build a biorefinery to produce jet fuel from municipal

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High-Mileage Beans: Slick New Uses for High-Oleic Beans

By Emily Unglesbee (DTN/The Progressive Farmer)   ... Biosynthetic Technologies, a synthetic oil manufacturer that uses bio-based ingredients, has produced synthetic motor oil made from Monsanto's Vistive Gold high-oleic soybeans. The company just finished a successful test of the soybean-based motor

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Is the Renewable Fuel Standard Helping Bring the Next Generation of Biofuels to Market?

by Ned Stowe (Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  For many supporters of the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), a key goal was to stimulate the development and use of low-carbon, next generation biofuels – to help reduce both U.S. petroleum dependence

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Bently Biofuels Acquires Bay Area Grease Collection Company

(BusinessWire)  In August 2013, Nevada-based biodiesel producer Bently Biofuels Company expanded their used cooking oil collection program by purchasing the assets of Got Grease?, a Bay Area waste oil and grease trap pumping company. Got Grease? collected used cooking oil throughout

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Celebvocate: Neil Young for Ethanol, Farm Bill

by Reliable Source (The Washinton Post) ...Event: National Farmers Union rally promoting passage of a five-year farm bill and touting the renewable fuel standard.   Venue: Capitol Hill’s Lower Senate Park.   ...What he wants: Fuel standards mandating an increased amount

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Biofuels Digest’s 5-Minute Guide to Loan Guarantees: Who Got ‘Em, What’re They Doing?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In today’s Digest – visit our 5-Minute Guide to Loan Guarantees — INEOS Bio, Myriant, Sapphire Energy, Abengoa, Chemtex, Enerkem, Fiberight, Fulcrum, ZeaChem – Plus POET-DSM, Diamond Green Diesel, Coskata and Range Fuels Projects open for business INEOS Bio ... Myriant ... Sapphire

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Western Biomass up for Sale; Blue Sugars Files Bankruptcy

by Susanne Retka Schill (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Just months after receiving the first cellulosic renewable identification numbers for a shipment of cellulosic ethanol to its Brazil partner Petrobras, Western Biomass Energy LLC filed for bankruptcy and is now up for

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Kinder Morgan to Blend Biodiesel in Las Vegas, Phoenix in Early Q2

by Beth Evans (Platts)  Kinder Morgan expects to begin biodiesel blending at its terminals in Las Vegas and Phoenix "in the early part of the second quarter," the company said Wednesday. Recently completed modifications at those terminals will allow for receipt,

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Doing More with Less: Biofuels and Rural Economic Development

by Mary Solecki (California Progress Report)  ...And I think that is what's at the heart of the biofuels movement: doing more with less. How can we deliver our energy needs from domestic sources and still deliver the food we all need?

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Advanced Ethanol Council Releases Snapshot of Cellulosic Ethanol Production around the World

(Renewable Fuels Association)  The Advanced Ethanol Council this morning released a report giving a snapshot of cellulosic ethanol producers in the U.S. and around the world. A look at facilities owned by companies such as Abengoa Bioenergy, Enerkem, INEOS Bio

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The Stampede of Elephants: Biofuels and Big Balance Sheets

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... Today, we’ll look at the bigger balance sheets to see who is investing what, and when, with whom, and why. ...We’ve also focused here, for the sake of brevity, on those financing commercial scale projects. So,

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Water-Wise Biofuel Crop Study to Alter Plants Metabolic, Photosynthesis Process

(Phys.Org)  Putting the water-use-efficient and turbo-charged photosynthesis from plants such as agave into woody biomass plants such as poplar can hedge against predicted long-term increases in temperatures and reduced precipitation. It can also provide dedicated energy crops suitable for establishment

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Meanwhile, the Next Generation Advanced Biofuels Industry Is Scaling Up

(Environmental and Energy Study Institute)  Cleaner, more sustainable, more climate-friendly, more affordable advanced biofuels are closer to reality than many outside the industry seem to think. At least three new, advanced biofuel biorefineries are being commissioned this year, and at

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Fulcrum Receives Conditional USDA Loan Guarantee for Nev. Plant

by Sue Retka Schill (Biomass Magazine) Fulcrum BioEnergy Inc. received a $105 million condition loan guarantee from the USDA, putting its planned 10 MMgy Sierra BioFuels Plant closer to groundbreaking. "This USDA loan guarantee provides a key piece of financing to

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Waste Management Invests in Fulcrum, Provides $70M Debt for First Commercial Project

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Texas, Waste Management announced that it has closed an equity investment in Fulcrum BioEnergy.  In connection with this investment, WM agreed to a secured loan facility that provides for WM’s funding of up to $70

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Fulcrum Bioenergy’s $115M IPO: The 10-Minute Version

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The first zero-cost feedstock biofuels company comes to the public markets with its IPO. ...Fulcrum becomes the 12th company to file for an IPO in the industrial biotech boom, which began with a successful listing on

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Biofuels Firm Plans Bellevue Refinery

by Ross Boettcher (World-Herald/Omaha.com)  A La Vista-based biofuels company Thursday proposed a $100 million project to build a biorenewable fuel refinery in Bellevue that could create at least 50 local jobs. The company, BioSyn Resources, wants to build a three-tiered refinery

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Phase Shift: 12 Hot Gas-Based Biofuels Technologies

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...But a new generation of technologies is coming along fast, primarily in advanced biofuels, which is gasifying biomass at the front end along its path towards making fuels, chemicals or other biomaterials – or in

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Who’s on the List? The U.S. EPA Pegs a Handful of Cellulosic Producers to Contribute to Next Year’s RFS Goal

by Kris Bevill (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  In June, the U.S EPA issued its proposal to reduce the coming year’s cellulosic biofuels volume target for the renewable fuel standard (RFS). The RFS goals set by Congress in 2007 call for increasing

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Hot Springs Microbe May Hold Key to Biofuel Production

by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com)  Researchers from the University of California Berkeley and the University of Maryland School of Medicine have discovered a microbe in a Nevada hot spring that enjoys eating cellulose (aka plant material) at temperatures above the boiling

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Come On Seven: Investors Weigh Options, as 7 Companies Near Key Biofuels Milestones

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  As seven projects aim for important milestones, investors face big decisions on whether advanced biofuels companies, even after the run-up in share prices, are still undervalued. ...(I)s it time to get in, hold, or lock in

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Bill Requiring Increased Use of Biodiesel Sparks Dispute

by Cy Ryan  (Las Vegas Sun)  Truckers would be required to use 10 percent biodiesel in their fuel under a bill introduced in the Senate, which is already sparking a disagreement. Paul Enos, representing the Nevada Transport Association, said such a

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Fulcrum BioEnergy Project Selected by the U.S. Department of Energy to Advanced to the Final Stage for a Loan Guarantee

(Fulcrum BioEnergy)  Fulcrum Receives Detailed Term Sheet Proposal from DOE Fulcrum BioEnergy, Inc. announced November 16, 2010, that the U.S. Department of Energy (“DOE”) has selected Fulcrum’s Sierra BioFuels Plant to enter the final phase of DOE’s Loan Guarantee Program. Fulcrum has

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Fulcrum Bioenergy Begins Work on Ethanol Plant

(Bloomberg BusinessWeek)   Fulcrum BioEnergy Inc. will begin construction and engineering work on a new plant in Nevada to convert household garbage into ethanol fuel. The Sierra Biofuels plant, which will produce fuel for cars and trucks, is due to begin operations in

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emissions carbon fiber carbon insets Carbon Intensity (CI)/Carbon Footprint carbon life cycle carbon markets Carbon Monoxide (CO) carbon negative carbon neutrality carbon offsets carbon pipeline carbon price carbon recycling carbon removal carbon sink carbon standard carbon tax Carbon tax border adjustments carbon tax-and-dividend carbon terminal carbon user fee Carbon Utilization and Biogas Education Program carbon-14 testing carbon-efficient fuels carbon/CO2 sequestration carcinogens cardoon Caribbean carinata carinata/brassica carinata carob CAS Registry cashew cashew apple Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) CASI Cassava cassava price cassava pulp cassava stalk castor bean castor stalk catalysis catalysts catalytic decarboxylation catalytic hydrothermal conversion catalytic hydrothermal conversion-to-jet (CHCJ) catalytic hydrothermal gasification catalytic hydrothermolysis jet CHJ pathway cattails cattle cavitation CBD (cannabidiol) CBG (compressed biogas) cell culturing cellulase 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point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office 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crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security 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drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric 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(FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum 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High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps/fueling 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