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Shipping Sector Emissions: Alternative Fuels for Marine and Inland Waterways Transport

(European Commission Joint Research Center)   A recent JRC report finds that fuels like liquefied natural gas (LNG) and methanol are the most promising alternatives to drive decarbonisation of the shipping sector and ultimately contribute to the fight against climate change.

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Duel Fuel--Colocating Ethanol, Biodiesel

by Keith Loria (Ethanol Producer Magazine)   Biodiesel tanks are popping up in the tank farms at some ethanol plants these days. -- During the past decade, there has been a great deal of innovation and thought put into the synergies between

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Methanol as a Chemical Platform: The Digest’s 2016 Multi-Slide Guide to Enerkem

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This week, we held a well-attended webinar on the markets and makers for chemical intermediates, from pilot to player. Here below is a slide deck presented on the day, from Enerkem Senior Vice President Tim Cesarek,

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No Pain, No Gain: A Tale of Three Companies, Pacific Ethanol, BioAmber and TerraVia at a crossroads

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... a fascinating look at the evolution in the fuels, renewable chemicals, specialty products and nutrition that make up the advanced bioeconomy.  ...  The most spectacular news of the week belonged to TerraVia, which landed a

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The 30 Hottest Biobased Molecules for 2016

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Florida, the Digest has released the 30 Hottest Biobased Molecules for 2016, as voted by the Digest’s global readership. The Readers were surveyed over December and January, and rated more than 100 individual molecules

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Research and Markets: Analysing the Biofuel Industry in the United States 2015

(Research and Markets/BusinessWire)  Research and Markets has announced the addition of the "Biofuel Industry in the United States - 2015" report to their offering. The report helps assess the feasibility of production of biofuels and the potential of biofuels in the US.

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Simple Fuel, Simple Engine, Simple Infrastructure: The Digest’s 2015 8-Slide Guide to Oberon Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Oberon Fuels is facilitating the growth of the DME transportation industry by converting biogas and other hydrocarbon rich waste streams to higher valued commodities such as DME. Using its proprietary small-scale process, Oberon makes DME

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New Biobased Projects Around the World

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Who’s building what, where, now. 29 projects in construction or in commissioning in Africa, Europe, Asia, the Middle East, Australia, and the Americas Despite low oil prices, first-gen biofuels and advanced biofuels continue to develop, and

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SNEPCo Promotes (M)Ethanol Clean Cookstoves in Drive for Safer Cooking Method in Nigeria

(Shell)  Shell Nigeria Exploration and Production Company (SNEPCo) has signed an agreement with Project Gaia Prospects Limited (PGPL) for the conduct of a pilot study on the use of Ethanol clean cookstoves, a cleaner and safer way of cooking. SNEPCo will

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8 Ways around the Big, Bad Oxygen Problem in the Advanced Bioeconomy Parts 1 and 2

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In the terrestrial world, oxygen is colorless, odorless, and try to get through an hour without some.  In the Bioeconomy Cinematic Universe, oxygen is harder than steel, heavier than a black hole, and higher than

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Waste Is a Terrible Thing to Mind: The Digest’s 2015 8-Slide Guide to Enerkem

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Enerkem’s technology converts non-recyclable municipal solid waste (i.e. garbage) into clean fuels and renewable chemicals. Enerkem Alberta Biofuels is the world’s first commercial biorefinery to use municipal solid waste to produce methanol and ethanol. This facility is the result of more

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Conjuring Chemical Cornucopias out of Thin Air

by Robert F. Service (Science Magazine)  Liquid fuels aren't the only things made from oil. Chemical companies start with oil to make thousands of different products, including plastics and pharmaceuticals. Most of these other commodities are worth more than fuels. So

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Methanol’s Moment: With Low Prices, and Proven Process, Is Meth Your New Best Friend?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Methanol is gaining momentum as a low-carbon fuels target, as Enerkem starts producing in Edmonton.  Why methanol, why now? Here, we look at the technology and market rationale for this rising trend. As we reported earlier

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Enerkem Raises C$152.6 Million in Financings; Initiates Biomethanol Production

(Enerkem, Inc.)  Enerkem Inc. (www.enerkem.com), a waste-to-biofuels and chemicals producer, announced today it has raised C$152.6 million and has initiated the production of biomethanol from non-recyclable household garbage at the Enerkem Alberta Biofuels full-scale facility in Edmonton, Canada. "I must say a

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4 Minutes with… B.B. Klaversteijn, Co-Founder, Fairchar

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... Responsible for and engaged in the development of portable biomethanol production units for the on site conversion of wood from invasive trees (Africa) to biomethanol and pyrolysis oil. The most prominent systems component is a

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Geely Invests $45.5 mln in Methanol Plant

(ECNS.cn/China Daily)  Geely Holding Group, which owns Volvo Car Corp, plans to expand its methanol vehicle operation after its decision to invest $45.5 million in Iceland's Carbon Recycling International Inc. The company operates the world's first methanol plant in Iceland. Geely's deal

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First Methanol-Powered Diesel Engine Debuted by MAN D&T

By Charlie Bartlett (Seatrade Maritime News)  MAN Diesel & Turbo has run successful tests of a new liquid-gas-injection engine, the ME-LGI, set for installation on a newbuild Mitsui OSK Lines (MOL) methanol carrier series. Taking place at MAN’s Tamano facility near Okayama,

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Ecuador to Roll out Argus-Linked Ethanol

(Argus Media) Ecuador's President Rafael Correa issued a decree that orders the gradual roll out of a 10pc ethanol blend nationwide, using the Argus US Gulf Coast ethanol price as an index. ... The Ecopais plan is aimed at reducing Ecuador´s growing

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15 Hot and Novel Low Carbon Fuel Technologies to Watch

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  An effort is underway in the UK to classify, within the Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation, “novel low carbon fuels” made by companies such as LanzaTech, Joule, Solar Jet, Velocys, Sunfire, Pyreco and others. -- In the

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Australian Biomass Plant To Improve Soil, Sequester Carbon, & Produce Biofuel

by Ronald Brakels (CleanTechnica)  A $10 million dollar pilot biomass plant will be constructed in the Western Australian Capital of Perth. ... The specific type of plants will be mallee crops. This somewhat broad category includes agricultural waste and crops that

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Maverick Announces Its Oasis BG Gas-to-Liquid Methanol Plant

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Here we highlight an interesting solution to the problem of organic waste. In North Carolina, Maverick Synfuels announced the availability of the Maverick Oasis BG Gas-to-Liquid methanol plant product line. These plants convert biogas from sources such

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Low Carbon Fuel Project Inches Closer to Construction

by Russell Hixson (Journal of Commerce)  Blue Fuel Energy, based in Victoria, plans to make its final decision on a $2.5 billion gas refinery at the end of the year. The renewables and natural gas-to-gasoline plant would be built at a

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IEA Task 39 Newsletter #38 Online Focuses on Netherlands

(Netzwerk Biotreibstoffe)  This issue features a Biofuels country update from the Netherlands, an update on Task 39’s ongoing work, and a short summary of some of other relevant news in the Biofuels area (such as the expansion of cellulosic ethanol

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Innovative Research, Applications and Approaches Keep Freudenberg-NOK Ahead of the Competition

(Freudenberg-NOK Sealing Technologies/PR NewsWire)  The North American International Auto Show (NAIAS) in Detroit offers visitors an eye-pleasing preview of new cars and trucks. But in addition to amazing design, many of this year's hottest vehicles also offer better fuel economy,

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Enerkem: Alberta’s Municipal Waste to Fuels Juggernaut, in Pictures

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) How does a technology take municipal solid waste and turn it into liquid fuels and chemicals?  What’s the “death of landfill” all about in terms of creating value streams from waste streams?  We take you

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4 Minutes With…Sam Yenne, CEO, Maverick Synfuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... Maverick Synfuels is about converting low value feedstocks into petroleum replacing chemicals and fuels. What makes Maverick unique is our Spoke and Hub deployment model. First we focus on small-scale modular gas to methanol

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Earth to Cellulosic Ethanol: Glad You’re Here, Buddy, What Took so Long? Parts 1 and 2

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Cellulosic ethanol arrives at scale — “The five years away forever” put to rest — but are there troubling waters still ahead? For whom, and why? Part I of II There’s a gigantic disconnect between two sections

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PUMP debuts Sept. 19 in NY and LA. Elon Musk, Jason Bateman, Lula Head a Star-Studded Documentary on Energy Choice

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  This Friday, a new movie debuts — billed “the movie that will change your attitude about fuel forever” — and specifically, about ending oil addiction It’s PUMP — an eye-opener directed by Josh Tickell (director of

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Adding Value to the Raw Glycerin from Biodiesel Plants

(Environmental-Expert.com/ABATEC SA) ABATEC SA introduces the BD4-MG system, to manufacture Methanol from raw Glycerol. It is an innovative way for adding value to the glycerol produced in the biodiesel plants. READ MORE

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Enerkem’s Family Affair

by Tim Portz (Biomass Magazine) Enerkem President and CEO Vincent Chornet and his team have driven Enerkem along a commercialization pathway for the past 10 years. As Enerkem’s first commercial-scale deployment in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, enters its commissioning phase, its technology

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Developers of the First Cellulosic Plants Share Updates at FEW

by  Susanne Retka Schill (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  ... A week before the FEW, Enerkem Inc. celebrated the inauguration of its 10 MMgy facility in Edmonton, Alberta. Commissioning is nearly completed, reported Tim Cesarek, senior vice president of business development. The thermochemical process

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Expanding American Ethanol to China

by Kelly Davis (Renewable Fuels Associations) I (Kelly Davis, Director of Regulatory Affairs) had the unique opportunity to participate in a 10-day U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) trade mission to China that began on May 5. I joined USDA Under Secretary

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Waste-to-Biofuel Facility Opens

by (Biofuels International) ...Enerkem has officially inaugurated its first full-scale municipal waste-to-biofuels and chemicals facility in Edmonton, Alberta. The facility will have a production capacity of up to 38 million litres per year and is expected to generate net economic spending

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Supercritical Biodiesel Method Creates Less Waste From Fats

By Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine) Researchers reported on a novel method this week at the 247th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, to produce biodiesel from crude animal fats, including waste fat from alligators, using supercritical methanol in a flow reactor. “Conversion

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Making Silk Purses from Sows Ears: Converting Waste Into Energy and Biofuels, Pt 1 and 2

by Tim Sklar (Biofuels Digest) Part 1 ... It seems that many of the companies providing new biofuels technologies do not fully understanding the competitive environment that they must navigate. As a consequence they fail to develop strategies that will allow

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The Race to Capture, Use and Monetize Waste CO2

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Reduce carbon? Rid the world of excess CO2? Not so fast, buster. A new generation of technologies has come along that capture, re-purpose and monetize CO2 emissions. Will they realize their promise? As Liquid Light steps out of

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Can This Birmingham Company Kickstart the Alternative Fuel Revolution?

by Bryan Davis (Birmingham Business Journal)  The race to discover a viable alternative fuel to gasoline has slowed down some in recent years, and that could be because the fuel source everyone is looking for has been hiding in plain

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Israel's New Motor Fuels Strategy Leans on Gas

by Ari Rabinovitch (Reuters)  Israel plans to cut oil use in transportation by 60 percent by 2025, an aggressive target by world standards, and will tap into its newfound natural gas deposits to make it happen. It is also investing heavily

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Biofuels, True North, Natural Gas, and Primus Green Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Primus Green Energy recently completed a landmark technology demonstration — and heads off to scale with a catalytic technology for making $2.00 gasoline.  But, in shifting to natural gas as a feedstock for the first

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Commissioning a First-of-a-Kind Plant Takes Time

by Tom Bryan (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  ...Retka Schill visited the Ineos Bio facility in person in August. She returned from Florida with new insight about how large chemical companies define and carry out plant commissioning. She informs us that the

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Congress Could Lower Alt-Fuel Requirements in New Open Fuel Standard Act

by Jon LeSage (AutoBlogGreen)  Congress is considering a revised version of the Open Fuel Standard Act, an Act that was originally introduced two years ago but failed to pass. Representatives Eliot Engel (D-NY) and Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R-FL) introduced a bipartisan bill that would require more

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Spiderweb-Like Tower Would Harvest Air Pollution in London and Turn It into Biofuel

by Carl Franzen (The Verge)  ...Chang-Yeob Lee of the Royal College of Art wants to radically transform London's BT Tower at some point in the future, equipping it with exterior carbon fiber and steel rigging, designed to capture and convert air

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Cellulosic Ethanol: Scale-Up and Commercialization - Part 2

by David Glass (D Glass Associates)  In the final breakout session of the BIO World Congress on June 19, there was a second panel on scale-up and commercialization of cellulosic ethanol. As with the session on the conference’s first day,

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Cellulosic Biofuels in the US: How Much and How Soon? 2014′s Terrific Ten

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Although no commercial-scale cellulosic biofuels facilities are operating in the United States at present, at least ten projects exceeding 20 million gallons per year are expected to begin operations by 2014. Tristan R. Brown and Robert

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UK Releases Open Source Data on Biofuels Usage Since 2008

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In the UK, the government has made available open source data regarding the country’s use of biofuels through April 14, 2013 (despite the fact that it’s still a month away), the fifth year of the Renewable Transport

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If Polluters Pay, Will Renewables Rise?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Changes in EU policy and the financing of advanced biofuels have led to a revival of project formation in Europe. The latest news from Finland is that St1 is proceeding towards a build on its 10

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The Lowdown on Methanol and Dimethyl Ester as Advanced Biofuels

by Robert Rapier (Biofuels Digest/Energy Trends Insider)  ...Methanol is cheap to produce and has been tested extensively as a gasoline replacement. It is the simplest alcohol and one of the world’s most widely used commodity chemicals. Global capacity of methanol is

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Advanced Biofuels, a Transformative Industry

by Bruce C. Folkedahl (Biomass Magazine/Energy & Environmental Research Center) As part of the ongoing research at the Energy & Environmental Research Center, we have been developing a catalytic pathway to convert ethanol or mixtures of methanol and ethanol to higher

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Dutch Autosport Industry Drives Forward in Fuel Sustainability Stakes

(Biofuels International)  The 48th edition of the ELE Rally in the Netherlands hosted races that had cars fuelled by Gasoline Ethanol Methanol (GEM) from second generation biofuels producer BioMCN. ...The BioMCN GEM concept has been developed and tested in collaboration with car

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No Farm Bill, No Tier 3—Not until after the Election; Sundrop Fuels Presents an Alternative

By Joanne Ivancic (Advanced Biofuels USA)  At the March 21 Bioenergy Day on Capitol Hill, discussion focused on the need for a continued Renewable Fuels Standard, reviews of the history of biofuels, assessment of current questioning of biofuels as viable

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The Methanol Alternative to Gasoline

by Tom Ridge and Mary E. Peters (New York Times) Opinion:  President Obama recently called the United States the “Saudi Arabia of natural gas” and asserted that it was time for our oil-dominated transportation fuel market to open the door

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Update on a Mobile Indirect Biomass Liquefaction System

by John P. Hurley (Biomass Power and Thermal Magazine/U.S. Department of Energy, Energy & Environmental Research Center)  Minnesota’s forestry operations produce 300,000 tons per year of wood waste that is not used in any existing or proposed facility. Through the process

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LUFT: Market-Based Future for Ethanol

by Gal Luft (The Washington Times)  ...At current oil prices, ethanol is more costly than gasoline while the alcohol fuel methanol, primarily made from natural gas, is cheaper than gasoline on a per-mile basis. But the comparative per-mile economics of

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New Biofuel Production Technologies: Overview of These Expanding Sectors and the Challenges Facing Them

(IFP Energies Nouvelles)  The numerous research programmes looking at new-generation biofuels that were initiated over the last ten years are now starting to bear fruit. Although no plants are producing and marketing biofuels yet, the large-scale, industrial feasibility of second-generation biofuel production at

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Vertis Signed up as Agent for BioMCN in Central Europe

(BioMCN)  Environmental commodity broker Vertis Environmental Finance have signed an agency agreement with BioMCN for the representation and sales of bio-methanol in Central Europe. BioMCN is the largest 2nd generation biofuels producer in the world, producing high quality bio-methanol from

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Researchers Discover a Way to Significantly Reduce the Production Costs of Fuel Cells

(EurekAlert/Aalto University)  This ALD method for manufacturing fuel cells requires 60 per cent less of the costly catalyst than current methods. -This is a significant discovery, because researchers have not been able to achieve savings of this magnitude before with materials

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Alberta-Pacific Pulp and Paper Mill Transitions to Biorefining

by Luke Geiver (Biodiesel Magazine)  ...Beginning as far back as 1998, mills like Alberta-Pacific began experiencing tighter profit margins, some down to three percent, while mills in places like India or Brazil averaged nine and eight percent respectively. The move

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Breaking Oil's Monopoly on Transportation

by Geoffrey Styles  (Energy Outlook)   I've been thinking about an op-ed in Tuesday's New York Times written by a former National Security Advisor and a former CIA chief. ...The op-ed was apparently timed to mark the introduction of a new group

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Market Access Will Save US from $4 Gasoline, Says FuelChoiceNow

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Washington, a coalition called FuelChoiceNow has opened for business one worth taking a very, very close look at. The pitch: that advanced fuel companies are developing new, affordable and commercial-ready alternatives to oil, but are inhibited

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Open Fuel Standard Legislation Is Bad for the Environment; Bad for Biofuels

(Advanced Biofuels USA)  Shale Natural Gas Does Not Belong in Pro-Environmental Legislation A new legislative analysis by Advanced Biofuels USA concludes that the Open Fuel Standard (OFS) is bad for advanced biofuels and will add to environmental damage if passed and

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Why It’s Wrong to Agree with the Malthusians about Ethanol

by Robert Zubrin   (Pajamas Media)  Rising food prices are the result of rising oil prices, not a growing market for ethanol. ...There is not a fixed amount of grain in the world. Farmers produce in response to demand. The more customers,

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Making a Great Fuel Even Better

by Erin Voegele (Biodiesel Magazine)  How replacing natural gas with biomass as feedstock for methanol production can improve biodiesel's already good environmental footing The vast majority of methanol produced today is sourced from natural gas, but this has not always been

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Open Fuel Standard Introduced in House, Sponsorship Growing

by Holly Jessen (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Rep. John Shimkus, R-Ill., imagines a world where consumers could drive up to the pump in a standardized vehicle and choose - be it biofuels, methanol, coal-to-liquid fuel or gasoline, depending on the best

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Methanol Greener than Ethanol

by Gerry Calhoun (DNJ.com)  ...Methanol, processed from natural gas, is an alcohol, like ethanol, but it needs no extensive lands for cultivation, no distillation, no transportation and thus is far more environmentally friendly. Any car that can burn gasoline with

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Georgia’s First Wood-to-Ethanol Plant Opens

by Dave Williams (Atlanta Business Chronicle)  The nation’s first commercial plant producing ethanol from wood wastes is open for business in the timber country of southeastern Georgia. More than a year and a half behind its original schedule, Colorado-based Range Fuels Inc.

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Range Fuels Produces Cellulosic Methanol From First Commercial Cellulosic Biofuels Plant

(PR Newswire)  Range Fuels' Commercial Cellulosic Biofuels Plant near Soperton, Georgia Produces Cellulosic Methanol from Non-Food Biomass Range Fuels, Inc., a company focused on commercially producing low-carbon biofuels and clean renewable power, today announced that it has produced cellulosic methanol from the

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ACE Speakers Answer Big Oil, Ethanol Critics

by Holly Jessen (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  At this year’s American Coalition for Ethanol Conference & Trade Show, two speakers gave particularly strong arguments for chipping away at the power and monopoly of Big Oil. It just so happens that Anne

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Ethanol Likely to Have Major Role as Fuel

by Jim Kenzie  (Wheel.ca)  ...So far, everyone seems to think that the only way we’ll wean ourselves off decomposed dinosaur remains is if we either can’t find any more, or it becomes so expensive to find/extract/ship/refine that we’ll have to find

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BioMCN Opens Largest 2nd Generation Biofuel Plant

(BioMCN)  June 25, 2010, the Queen’s Commissioner of the Province of Groningen, Sir Max van den Berg, together with Rob Voncken, CEO of BioMCN, has officially opened the largest second generation biofuel plant in the world. With a production capacity of 250

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Closed Down Methanol Plant Turned into the World's Largest Biofuels Production Plant

(Chemrec)  On the northern coast of the Netherlands a few driven entrepreneurs transformed a closed down methanol factory into the world’s largest second generation biofuels production unit in less than three years. By changing the feedstock into crude glycerine and applying

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A New Way to Make Methanol Fuel

(New Energy and Fuel)  University of Oxford researchers are developing a method for the homogeneous conversion of CO2 to methanol, with methanol as the only resulting C1 product.  With momentum building in the methanol powered fuel cell market there is good

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Methanol: Biofuel to love or hate?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...A lot of people refer to methanol as wood alcohol – referring to the ancient process of extracting methanol from wood, using pyrolysis. In recent years, it has been primarily extracted from methane — the

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We Are Green: “Always Clean 110″ Project Is an Example of a Growing Trend in Biofuels: “Symbiosis” Project Produce Biodiesel, Using Recovered Methanol, Cooking Oil

by  (Biofuels Digest)  ...Here is an under funded grad student (with a mechanical engineering degree from Northern Illinois University) who, while working part time, put together a system that will produce bio-diesel fuel from basic waste by-products found on campus,

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Can Methanol Really Make a Dent in US Oil Demand?

by John Lynn  (Energy Tribune)  ... Methanol can be produced from a wide variety of feedstocks, including natural gas, coal, biomass, and even atmospheric carbon dioxide. ... Using mature gasification technology, one ton of biomass can be used to produce

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emissions carbon fiber carbon insets Carbon Intensity (CI)/Carbon Footprint carbon life cycle carbon markets Carbon Monoxide (CO) carbon negative carbon neutrality carbon offsets carbon pipeline carbon price carbon recycling carbon removal carbon sink carbon standard carbon tax Carbon tax border adjustments carbon tax-and-dividend carbon terminal carbon user fee Carbon Utilization and Biogas Education Program carbon-14 testing carbon-efficient fuels carbon/CO2 sequestration carcinogens cardoon Caribbean carinata carinata/brassica carinata carob CAS Registry cashew cashew apple Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) CASI Cassava cassava price cassava pulp cassava stalk castor bean castor stalk catalysis catalysts catalytic decarboxylation catalytic hydrothermal conversion catalytic hydrothermal conversion-to-jet (CHCJ) catalytic hydrothermal gasification catalytic hydrothermolysis jet CHJ pathway cattails cattle cavitation CBD (cannabidiol) CBG (compressed biogas) cell culturing cellulase enzymes cellulose cellulosic biofuel Cellulosic biomass cellulosic diesel Cellulosic ethanol cellulosic ethanol price cellulosic feedstock cellulosic production tax credit cellulosic sugars Cellulosic Tax Credit cellulosic waiver credit cement Central African Republic Central America Certificate Program Certificates of Origin (COs) certification certification fuels cesium cetane Chad change in soil condition charging stations CHCJ-5 chemical-looping hydrogen method Chesapeake Bay chicken feathers chickens Chile Chili China chitin chp chromium chufa/cyperus esculents/nutsedge CIA circular economy citrus citrus greening disease Citrus Peel clean air Clean Air Act (CAA) clean diesel Clean Fuel Standard/Policy (CFS) Clean Heat Standards Clean Power Plan (CPP) Clean Trucks Plan Clean Water Act climate change Climate Change Adaptation climate change effects climate change mitigation climate legislation climate smart/conservation agriculture closed-loop system Clostridium thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security 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drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric 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(FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum 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High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps/fueling 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