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Speeding up Sugar's Conversion into Fuel

(University of Queensland) University of Queensland researchers have found a way to more efficiently convert sugarcane into a building block of aviation fuel and other products. By zeroing in on a specific enzyme, a UQ team working in collaboration with the Technical

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Hydrothermal Liquefaction for SAF

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The US generates ~10 million tons municipal wastewater sludges/year Disposal to land or landfills is limited, expensive. The Opportunity is to convert sludges to fuels using Hydrothermal Liquefaction. Conversion of sludges to ‘biocrude’, for upgrading

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to LanzaTech and Transforming Carbon

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) With proven technology at the nexus of two mandated markets, industrial and consumer — LanzaTech has been on fire in recent months. Here’s more on their commercial operating plants, plants scheduled to complete construction in

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to the Cost and Greenhouse Gas Implications of Advanced Bio-Jet Fuel Production

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) JBEI’s been working hard on jet fuels. Why? Biological routes are advantaged in their ability to produce naphthenes (approximately one third of jet fuel, 45% of diesel fuel), whereas most other alternative jet fuel processes

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IIT-G Succeeds in Breaking down Woody Biomass for Conversion to Bioethanol Fuel

(The Meghalayan Bureau)  The IIT Guwahati scientists have shown the efficacy of a new type of endoglucanase called RfGH5_4 in breaking down lignocellulosic and hemicellulosic biomass for the eventual conversion to bioethanol fuel. Researchers of Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Infinium e-Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Nearly 25% of global CO2 emissions are generated by planes, ships and trucking fleets. A new class of synthetic fuel, eFuels are ultra-low carbon fuels that can be dropped into existing engines that use jet

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Air Pollution Converted into Fuel, Plastic and Dresses

(AFP/RTE) At LanzaTech's lab in the Chicago suburbs, a beige liquid bubbles away in dozens of glass vats. The concoction includes billions of hungry bacteria, specialized to feed on polluted air - the first step in a recycling system that converts greenhouse

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To Battle Climate Change, Scientists Tap into Carbon-Hungry Microorganisms for Clues

by Theresa Duque (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) New technique could fast-track future carbon-free solar fuels -- Berkeley Lab scientists have developed a nature-inspired technique for converting carbon dioxide into solar fuels. Scientists at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have demonstrated

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The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Balancing Feedstock System Performance and Quality

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) According to the experts at the Idaho National Laboratory, The feedstock challenge lies in the inherent variability of biomass feedstock affects the ability to optimize processing and conversion processes, ultimately decreasing plant economics. So, the

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The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Honeywell UOP

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Honeywell UOP creates new technologies that convert oil and natural gas into transportation fuels, energy and petrochemicals. UOP has a century-long record leading technology development for the oil and gas industry UOP TECHNOLOGY MAKES MORE

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New Notice of Intent for Improving Bioenergy Feedstocks and Optimizing Production of Biofuels and Biochemicals

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) announced its intent to issue two funding opportunity announcements (FOAs) in early 2023.  These potential FOAs, “Reducing Agricultural Carbon Intensity and Protecting Algal Crops (RACIPAC)” and the “2023

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The Caribbean Is Swimming in Seaweed. Scientists Aim to Turn It into Jet Fuel and Batteries

by Erik F. Ringle  (National Renewable Energy Laboratory)  Backed by U.S. Department of Energy Funding, New R&D Could Help Seed a Uniquely Caribbean Bioeconomy -- ... Kruger (National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) researcher Jacob Kruger) may be unable to eliminate the

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Vertimass Opens New Laboratory Near Dartmouth College

(Vertimass) Vertimass, a company developing breakthrough technologies to expand the use of sustainable fuels, announced today it has established a new laboratory in the historic town of Enfield, New Hampshire to accelerate advancing its technology for conversion of ethanol, methanol, butanol, and other

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Exclusive Interview: Honeywell’s ETJ Tech to Help Cut Emission Says Vice President Ashish Gaikwad

by Huma Siddiqui (Financial Express) Innovative ethanol-to-jet fuel (ETJ) processing technology allows producers to convert sugar or corn or cellulosic based ethanol into sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). - Earlier this year in October, Honeywell announced a new, innovative ethanol-to-jet fuel (ETJ)

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The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide ABLC Guide to Hydrothermal Liquefaction for Sustainable Liquid Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Research has shown that HTL technology is one of the most energy-efficient solutions for handling wet biomass streams. Circlia Nordic’s proprietary Technology is well suited for multiple applications, such as: wastewater treatment, plastics, manure, and

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The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to ChemCatBio

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ChemCatBio’s mission is to accelerate the catalyst and process development cycle for bioenergy applications – but how? What’s the potential impact of a billion-ton bioeconomy? What are the catalysis challenges in the conversion of biomass

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The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide ABLC Guide to BTG Bioliquids

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) BTG Bioliquids technology enables customers to turn biomass residues into a renewable fuel: fast pyrolysis bio-oil (FPBO). FPBO can be used to replace crude oil, so that more fossil resources can stay untouched.Managing Director Gerard

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Gasification Technology Status and Pathways for Net-Zero Carbon Economy Workshop --- November 30, 2022 --- ONLINE Presentations Available

On November 30th, 2022, the U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO), Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management (FECM), and National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) will host the Status of Gasification Technology of Biomass and Solid Wastes (Waste Coal, Waste Plastics

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Biodiesel Magazine Podcast: New Process Yields Low-Cost Biodiesel from Food Waste

by Anna Simet (Biodiesel Magazine) This week's Biodiesel Magazine podcast features, Michael Timko, Professor of Chemical Engineering and Heather LeClerc, Ph.D. Candidate with Worcester Polytechnic Institute Interview.  READ MORE/LISTEN Hydroxyapatite catalyzed hydrothermal liquefaction transforms food waste from an environmental liability to renewable

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LanzaTech Produces Ethylene from CO2, Changing the Way We Make Products Today

(LanzaTech/Globe Newswire)  Breakthrough Discovery to Replace the Barrel with Synthetic Biology, Addressing One of the Largest Carbon Emitters in the Chemical Industry -- LanzaTech NZ, Inc. (“LanzaTech”), an innovative Carbon Capture and Transformation (“CCT”) company that transforms waste carbon into materials such

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Feedstock-Conversion Interface Consortium Annual Review of Research FY 2021

(U.S. Department of Energy) Led by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office, the Feedstock-Conversion Interface Consortium (FCIC) is a multi-lab collaboration that develops first-principles-based knowledge and tools to understand, quantify, and mitigate the effects of feedstock and process

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Catalytic Process with Lignin Could Enable 100% Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(National Renewable Energy Laboratory/Biobased Diesel Daily) An underutilized natural resource could be just what the airline industry needs to curb carbon emissions. Researchers at three institutions—the U.S. DOE’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Washington State University—report success

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel Grand Challenge Roadmap: Flight Plan for Sustainable Aviation Fuel Report

(U.S. Department of Energy) The Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Grand Challenge is the result of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and other federal government agencies working together to develop a

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The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Catalyst Deactivation Mitigation for Biomass Conversion

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) As we observed once here in Digestville, biomass is where catalysts go to die. How can we change that? Providing fundamental insight and actionable recommendations for extending catalyst lifetime in biomass catalytic conversion by a collective and

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The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to the Catalytic Upgrading of Biochemical Intermediates

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Whether it is Mixed C6-C5 Corn Stover Hydrolysate Sugars to Produce Butyric Acid with In-situ Product Removal, or Non-Biological Conversion of Mixed C6-C5 Corn Stover Hydrolysate Sugars to Furans (Furfural, HMF), opportunities abound in biobased

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Government of Canada Invests over $1.4 Million in SixRing Clean Technology

(Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada)  Clean technologies play an important role in helping Canada’s agriculture sector fight against climate change. Investing in clean technology initiatives that advance the bioeconomy can improve the bottom line for farmers, while lowering harmful greenhouse gas

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The Digest’s 2022 State of Advanced Ethanol

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This week on ABLC CONNECT, we looked at the world of Advanced ethanol – markets, players, technologies, policy. 2G ethanol, sugarcane, ethanol as an intermediate, and advanced yield opportunities. We were fortunate to be joined

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Easing Pain at the Pump with Food Waste: New Method for Making Biodiesel Fuel

by Jack Levy (Worcester Polytechnic Institute/ Phys.Org) ... To make the fuel, the researchers employed a process called hydrothermal liquefaction, which uses heat and water to break down the food waste into a liquid. It's a method that has been used

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2021 Project Peer Review Report

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) hosted its virtual 2021 Project Peer Review on March 8‒12, 15‒16, and 22‒26, 2021. During the event, 271 projects in BETO’s research portfolio were presented, representing a total

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Blue Biofuels Reports Successful Volume Testing of Its Cellulose-to-Sugar Process on Latest Reactor System; 2.5t/Day

(Blue Biofuels)  Blue Biofuels has reached a significant milestone in the scaling of its proprietary Cellulose-to-Sugar (CTS) reactor system. Testing results on a custom modified reactorsystem demonstrate the ability to convert cellulosic material into sugars with high conversion at a throughput

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ROBIN Debuts THE CLARIANT CHANNEL

(Biofuels Digest)  Now on ROBIN, up to the minute video and presentations, events and background from Europe's dominant player in 2G ethanol and in many chemicals markets. All content is available on THE CLARIANT CHANNEL, part of your ROBIN streaming

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Maybe This Time: Aries Clean Technologies Hits a Milestone in the Never-Ending Battle for a Great Biochar Business

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ... You can finance a bioenergy project making gases and solids, so long as your gas is a solid stream, and, solidly sold, and your market for solids is liquid, and your liquidity is solid.

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The Year of Methane: Archaea, Energir, CNG Expand, the Methtrend Becomes Clearer

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Here in Digestville we have dubbed 2022 the Year of Methane as companies seeking sufficient feedstock to meet net zero goals are turning to methane as a fuel, and as a transportable, affordable intermediate to facilitate

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National Energy Solution: Pt 1: Methane, Methanogens, Methanotrophs

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Last week we reported that T2C Energy in partnership with the US Department of Energy had developed at pilot-scale a technology that makes drop-in transportation fuel for $2.91 a gallon, excluding any help from carbon prices

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Researchers Enlist Sturdy Yeast to Help Make Cost-Effective Ethanol

(U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service)  Yeasts play a key role in converting ("fermenting") sugars from plants into ethanol fuel. But not all yeasts are created equal. Some are better fermenters than others because they can tolerate the harsh conditions

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SAF, RD via Cellulosic Feedstocks: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to BioTFueL technology

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Last week we took a Deep Dive into the BioTfuel technology in a special webinar on SAF, RD via Cellulosic Feedstocks. The BioTfueL project launched by Axens, TotalEnergies and a number of partners is designed

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Comstock Pioneers Renewable Fuels Technology

(Comstock Mining/Yahoo!)  Breakthrough Unlocks Massive New Feedstock Model for Net Zero Energy Independence --  Comstock Inc. (NYSE: LODE) (“Comstock” and the “Company”) today announced a significant expansion of its leading cellulosic technology portfolio by filing for a new patent covering breakthrough

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Leap for LEEP – Low Energy Ethanol Process: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to RCM Engineering

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Here’s a look at 2nd generation ethanol from RCM Engineering and how LEEP – Low Energy Ethanol Process – can help with energy savings, steam savings, efficiency and more. Also take a look at Calgren

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Whatever Happened to Cellulosic Ethanol?

by David Kramer (Physics Today) Technological immaturity, falling oil prices, overoptimistic investors, and regulatory uncertainty are blamed for the failure of a promising biofuel technology to perform as hoped. -- Despite a decade and a half of big US federal investments

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Overcoming the Toughest Catalyst Challenges in the Bioeconomy: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to LEC

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Terry Mazanec from Lee Enterprises Consulting takes us on a journey through the toughest catalyst challenges in the bioeconomy and, most importantly, how to overcome them. From feedstock consistency and availability to substrate intransigence and

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Low-Carbon Fuels & Chemicals: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Vertimass

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) Vertimass CADO catalyst transforms ethanol into infrastructure compatible fuels in one step without adding hydrogen. Find out how their tech works, what other alcohols they can convert to renewable hydrocarbon fuels and chemicals, how

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Catalytic Conversion of Biomass-Derived Resources into Biodiesel

(Biofuels International)  The emergence of biodiesel as an alternative fuel substitute for traditional petroleum-based fuels has changed the way the country produces energy. Biomass is one of the most abundant renewable resources and therefore has led to much attention and research

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Kvasir Technologies Secures EU Funding to Accelerate Biofuel Development

(Biofuels International) Kvasir Technologies - a Danish technology company developing a process to produce climate friendly fuel for the shipping industry – has secured €2.5 million in support from the EU programme EIC accelerator. Kvasir Technologies is a spin-off company from

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Examining the Role of SAF in a Net-Zero Aviation Industry

(Biofuels International)  ... Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) has the potential to cut lifecycle emissions from aviation by up to 80%, making it the largest contributing factor to decarbonising air travel. Biofuels International asks Angela Robledo, business development director, lowcarbon fuels

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SAF with Feedstock Flexibility: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Velocys

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Woodchips, municipal waste, hydrogen, biomethane – it’s all about feedstock flexibility for Velocys’ conversion pathway to sustainable aviation fuel. What is their IP protected 5 step conversion process? What’s the latest on their Bayou Fuels

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Flying the Low-Carbon Skies on Sustainable Aviation Fuel

by Craig Bettenhausen (Chemical & Engineering News)  Airlines are eager to switch to renewable, low-carbon fuel—as soon as there’s enough to go around  --  On June 6, Malaysia Airlines flew its first passenger flight using jet fuel made in part

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Sustainable Aviation Fuels: Part 1: What is SAF?

by Gaulthier Blangez*  (Time to Fly and Advanced Biofuels USA)  Advanced Biofuels USA, in collaboration with Time to Fly, is proud to publish a guide to sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) for a general audience, for corporations working on ESG (environment,

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Hydrothermal Platform for Recycling Carbon: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Licella

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Licella’s Cat-HTR decarbonization platform could help customers meet their net-zero carbon commitments, said Dr. Alan Del Paggio, Licella’s SVP Americas, at the recent ABLC. How do they use water as the agent of change and

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Advances in Biofeedstocks and Biofuels, Volume 4, Production Technologies for Gaseous and Solid Biofuels

edited by Lalit Kumar Singh and Gaurav Chaudhary (Wiley) ... Biomass-based fuel production, or renewable fuels, are becoming increasingly important as a remedy for the increasing greenhouse effect, depleting oil reserves, and rising oil prices. Therefore, research on the production of

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SAF Production Expands for a Low-Carbon Future

by Scott Jenkins (Chemical Engineering Magazine)  ... The current environmental and geopolitical situation is prompting petroleum refiners across the globe to evaluate their assets and explore how to adapt to a carbon-constrained future, and one in which the negative climate effects

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Bioenergy Technologies Office State of Technology—2020 Research and Development Status

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) funds research and development (R&D) on technologies necessary for the deployment and production of cost- competitive bioenergy, primarily biofuels. Results of experimental efforts are periodically compiled and

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Biosolutions for the Bioeconomy: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Novozymes

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Things are looking good for Novozymes this year with 10% organic sales growth, two new product launches in the first quarter including HiPhorious – a phytase solution for improved phosphate uptake – in animal nutrition,

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Blue Biofuels Partners with Leading Machine Builder K.R. Komarek to Build Blue Biofuels’ CTS Machines

(Blue Biofuels)  This will accelerate and solidify the scale-up and commercialization of Blue Biofuels’ patented Cellulose-to-Sugar (“CTS”) process for the production of cellulosic ethanol and sustainable aviation fuel. -- Blue Biofuels, Inc. (PINK: BIOF). – Blue Biofuels, Inc. announces that its

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H2 Industries to Develop US $1.4 Billion Waste-to-Hydrogen Plant in Oman

(H2 Industries/BCM Public Relations/CISION) H2-Industries and Public Establishment For Industrial Estates – Madayan have signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to develop a waste-to-hydrogen plant in conjunction with PV solar power plants with base-load capacity in the Sultanate of Oman. The proposed US $1.4 billion facility will be

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Podcast: Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel Are Not the Same

by Parker Schulte (Brownfield Ag News) In this episode of Managing for Profit, Scott Fenwick, technical director with Clean Fuels Alliance America, discusses the differences and similarities between biodiesel and renewable diesel, the benefits they bring farmers, and what’s on

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A More Efficient Path to Green Production of Bio-Derived Chemicals and Fuels

(Lehigh University)  Researchers discover an enhanced reaction rate when gold and palladium nanoparticles are placed on a conductive support. -- A bimetallic catalysis technique using gold and palladium nanoparticles on a conductive support has been pioneered by researchers from Lehigh

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Renewable Fuels, Monomers, Carbon Sourcing: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Axens

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) There’s a difference between renewable carbon and circular carbon, as noted in this illuminating ABLC slide guide from Axens. How does their circular carbon tech work? Who are they partnering with? How are they accelerating

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Separation Innovations & Tech: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Bioprocessing Separations Consortium

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  50-70% of bioprocessing costs are associated with separations, so there is a need to raise technical maturity of separations for biomass-derived intermediate and product streams while reducing costs and addressing the major separation challenges. So

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Artificial Photosynthesis: The Ultimate Renewable Tech

(Bio Market Insights) Around 3.5 billion years ago, plants became able to turn sunlight and carbon dioxide into energy. Researchers in the field of artificial photosynthesis are figuring out how humans could do the same. Plant photosynthesis consists of three steps. First,

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Turning Carbon Dioxide into Sustainable Fuel: United and Oxy Low Carbon Ventures Announce Collaboration with Biotech Firm to Create New Fuel Sources

(United Airlines/PR Newswire) Houston-based Cemvita Factory's synthetic biology process has the potential to create a new way to produce sustainable fuel for aviation; United has invested in more SAF production than any other airline --  United Airlines Ventures (UAV) and Oxy

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Increasing Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production with Feedstocks

by Marine Bessoles (ICF) There is pressure on the aviation industry to decarbonize coming from a myriad of sources including investors, passengers, government, and society at large. Popular protests such as the Swedish flygskam (translated in English as “flight shame”) movement

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AECOM Enters Strategic Partnership with Genifuel to Transform Algae and Wastewater Biosolids into Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(AECOM)  AECOM, the world’s trusted infrastructure consulting firm, today announced it has signed a strategic agreement with Genifuel Corporation to scale production of carbon neutral sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) and biogas from wild algae and biosolids. The partnership employs a patent-pending

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The Comment that Silenced the Crowd: Heard on the Floor at ABLC 2022

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...  Topsoe’s Mikala Grubb stepped in. “What we have is a solids to liquids conversion problem.” The room went quiet, quiet like a church. “750 delegates negotiating in a small hotel but you can hear a watch

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Beyond Corn: Panel Mulls Future of Bio-Based Fuels, Chemicals

by Mark Heller (E&E Daily) The House Science, Space and Technology Committee will hold a hearing this week on bioenergy.  -- The House Science, Space and Technology Committee this week will peek into the future of biofuels — a future that's

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Fueling Net Zero: Sustainable Pathways for Aviation

by Alastair Blanshard (ICF) ... Our report for ATAG Waypoint 2050 offers a potential pathway for deploying enough sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) for aviation to meet its climate ambitions. The transition to SAF represents a defining moment for the industry, as it looks

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DOE Issues 2 RFIs on Biomass Conversion, Organic Waste

(U.S. Department of Energy/Biomass Magazine)   The U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office has released two new requests for information (RFIs) related to biomass conversion research and development and community organic waste programs. The

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Hot Hydrofaction: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Steeper Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Converting low-value biomass to bio-crude oil upgradable to advanced biofuels and chemicals at existing refineries via hydrofaction is hot. Find out how Steeper Energy is using hydrofaction for advanced biofuels in cost-effective ways and at

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Pablo de Olavide University Produces Fat for Biodiesel from Sewage Sludge

(EFE VERDE) Researchers at Pablo de Olavide University produce fatty matter for biodiesel that does not come from growing plants but from human-generated waste that circulates through urban wastewater treatment plants. Aware of the serious environmental and economic problem caused by the

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Addressing Critical Demand for Sustainable Fuels, Emerging Fuels Technology Introduces Maxx Jet™ and Maxx Diesel™

(Haldor Topsoe) EFT Improves its Ability to Produce High-Yield, High-Quality Aviation and Diesel Fuels  --  – Emerging Fuels Technology (EFT), a technology company focused on methods for producing synthetic fuels from feedstocks such as natural gas, flared gas, biogas, biomass,

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Airlines, NGOs Unite Behind Push for Clean Jet Fuels in Europe

(European Climate Foundation)  Airlines, pilots and environmental groups are teaming up for the first time to support a European Union plan for big increases in climate-friendly jet fuels. Four major carriers – Air France-KLM, easyJet, Ryanair and Deutsche Post DHL Group – have

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New DOE Request for Information Released on Biomass Conversion Research, Development, and Analysis Programs DEADLINE March 11, 2022

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) has released a new request for information (RFI) on several priority areas relating to activities in the Conversion Research and Development (R&D)

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UGI and Vertimass Enter Agreement to Produce Renewable Fuels in the U.S. and Europe

(UGI Corporation) UGI Corporation (NYSE: UGI) announced today that it has entered into a 15-year agreement with California-based technology developer, Vertimass, to utilize their catalytic technology to produce renewable fuels from renewable-ethanol in the U.S. and Europe. The agreement centers on the development of production facilities using Vertimass’

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Progress in Commercialization of Biojet /Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF): Technologies, Potential and Challenges

by Susan van Dyk and Jack Saddler (IEA Bioenergy Task 39) Biojet/ Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) must play a major role if the aviation sector is to significantly reduce its carbon footprint. To meet its carbon reduction targets, large volumes

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Renewable Diesel and Jet Fuel: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Haldor Topsoe

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Check out two case stories about sustainable aviation fuel – one renewable diesel and one renewable jet fuel with no diesel – from Haldor Topsoe. How Topsoe’s HydroFlex tech can help produce sustainable aviation fuel,

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Airlines Want to Make Flight More Sustainable. How Will They Do It?

by Leigh Krietsch Boerner (Chemical & Engineering News)  Air travel produces millions of metric tons of carbon dioxide each year. New technologies could help airlines reduce their emissions and meet their sustainability goals -- ...  Airlines are trying to reduce

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Gevo to Convert Fuel Ethanol from ADM to Jet Fuel

by Craig Bettenhausen (Chemical & Engineering News) The deal would be an expansion for Gevo and a move away from ethanol for ADM  --  ...  ADM and the biobased chemical maker Gevo have signed a letter of intent that calls

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The Competitive Edge: Emerging Fuels Technology

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) Emerging Fuels Technology (EFT) was founded in late 2007 to address the need to reduce flaring worldwide by creating small Gas to Liquids (GTL) plants in the 500 to 5,000 BPD range. They needed

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Plant-Based Waste and Residues into Biofuel – Geeking out over Lignocellulose

by Richard Pallardy (Neste) Plant biomass, or lignocellulose, is the most abundant renewable carbon source on the planet. It has been around forever, but only now are we starting to grasp its full potential in replacing fossil resources. What makes

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A Digest Exclusive Q&A with Bryan Stonehouse, Head of Aviation Sustainability & Risk, Shell Aviation

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) From SAF size and scale, Shell’s plans for scaling up, fuel use and blends and more, check out this Digest exclusive Q&A with Bryan Stonehouse, Head of Aviation Sustainability & Risk at Shell Aviation. ... Shell recently

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The Advanced Bioeconomy State of the Industry 2021: As Seen at ABLC

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ABLC 2021 has come and gone with its theme of ““building a bridge to Net Zero” and 560 delegates from 300 organizations grappling with the immense opportunities and supply chain challenges posed by the world’s rapid

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Heard on the Floor at ABLC 2021 – October 28

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) ABLC 2021 continues today with its theme of ““building a bridge to Net Zero” after a flurry of announcements buzzed around the floor yesterday, as the 560 delegates grappled with the immense opportunities and supply chain

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Vertus Energy Raises $1.2m to Boost Biofuel Production

(Vertus Energy/Business Scoop) Climate tech startup Vertus Energy has raised $1.2 million in a pre-seed funding round led by Icehouse Ventures with support from Outset Ventures, Startmate, and NOAB Ventures, to expand its green fuel production technology. Vertus Energy’s technology turbocharges the

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First of a Kind Bagasse to Ethanol Project in India.

(LanzaTech) LanzaTech to work with Spray Engineering Devices Limited on Sustainable Ethanol Project  --  Spray Engineering Devices Limited (SED), a multidisciplinary engineering company dedicated to sustainable development, is partnering with LanzaTech in a first of a kind bagasse to ethanol project

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Cool GTL to Produce Jet Fuel from Biogas: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Gas Technology Institute

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Terry Marker from the Gas Technology Institute shared this slide guide at the BETO 2021 Project Peer Review covering their goal to produce 100 gallons of Jet Fuel from Biogas using the Cool GTL Process,

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Sufficient Sustainable Biomass Feedstock Available to Support an Ambitious Low-Carbon Liquid Fuels Strategy for EU Transport

(Fuels Europe) A new study by Imperial College London Consultants concludes that the potential availability of sustainable biomass, with no harm to biodiversity, could support an advanced and waste-based biofuel production of up to 175 Mtoe in 2050. This conclusion reinforces

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Emerging Fuels Technology Announces Regulation A+ Offering to Commercialize Breakthrough Tech that Converts Waste Sources into Fuels that Greatly Reduce Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions

(Emerging Fuels Technology/Globe Newswire)  With its small, BioGTL and FlareBuster™ plant technology, EFT is addressing the immediate need for more sustainable, cleaner fuel sources  --   Emerging Fuels Technology (EFT), a technology company focused on transforming a number of waste sources of carbon

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Potential Future Regulation Addressing Pyrolysis and Gasification Units Public Comments DEADLINE: November 8, 2021

(Federal Register) A Proposed Rule by the Environmental Protection Agency -- The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is soliciting information and requesting comments to assist in the potential development of regulations for pyrolysis and gasification units that are used to convert solid

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Is SAF Finally Taking Flight?: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to SAF’s Acceleration

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Mike McCurdy, Managing Director of Fuels & Power at ICF shared this illuminating slide guide highlighting the latest sustainable aviation fuel production sites around the world, how the RIN program and LCFS impacts SAF, the

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Tech, Process, Forecast, Directions: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Advanced Biofuels & Biorefining

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Cellulose, lignin, wastes, proteins, starches – all biomass feedstocks, but what building blocks, secondary chemicals, intermediates and end products can you get from them? What’s the latest on fermentation, pyrolysis, gasifiers, hydrocrackers, and other processes/tech

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Renewable LPG Pathways: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to SHV Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  100% of their energy products from renewable sources in 2040 – that’s SHV Energy’s goal. From the latest on renewable liquid propane gas pathways to the search for sustainable feedstocks with high yields, check out

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Honeywell and Wood Introduce Groundbreaking Technologies to Support Efforts toward Carbon-Neutral Sustainable Aviation Fuel

(Honeywell/PR Newswire) - Wood's hydrogen plant technology coupled with Honeywell UOP EcofiningTM process technology and carbon capture and storage can reduce lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions 100% when compared to petroleum-based aviation fuels - Widespread use of Honeywell and Wood technologies have potential

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Advanced Biofuels, Solid to Liquid Tech, Biocrudes: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Haldor Topsoe

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  If you missed this slide guide from ABLC Digital on what it will take for advanced biofuels to take off further, here’s your chance! Haldor Topsoe leaders cover thoughts on legislation, feedstocks, biofuel production, solid

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EPA Opens Comment Period Related to Pyrolysis, Gasification Regs DEADLINE: November 8, 2021

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine) The U.S. EPA on Sept. 8 issued an advanced notice of proposed rulemaking (ANPRM) seeking public comments to assist in the potential development of regulations for pyrolysis and gasification units that are used to convert solid

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Turning Carbon into Solar Fuel – Closing the Loop on CO2 Emissions

by Scarlett Evans (Bio Market Insights)  ...  Finding technologies to curb our carbon is essential, and attention is turning to projects that make carbon cutting a priority. One such project is that of Swinburne University of Technology’s Associate professor Tianyi Ma, who

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Hydrogen Ecosystem for Aviation: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Airbus ZEROe

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  It’s all about hydrogen propulsion with the ZEROe aircraft which Airbus aims to develop by 2035 as the world’s first zero-emission commercial aircraft. What is power-to-liquid or PtL for aviation and how will it be

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United, Honeywell Invest in New Clean Tech Venture from Alder Fuels, Powering Biggest Sustainable Fuel Agreement in Aviation History

(United Airlines/PR Newswire)  United agrees to purchase 1.5 billion gallons of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) over 20 years - which is one and a half times the size of the rest of the world's airlines' publicly announced SAF commitments combined Honeywell first

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Lignocellulosic Bagasse, Carinata, Pennycress, Guayule: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to SAF Feedstocks

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  There are challenges to sustainable aviation fuel commercialization, but the USDA SAF program is focused on helping with feedstock supply chain systems, conversion and sustainability analysis and commercialization support. Find out about their coordinated agricultural

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Renewable Diesel & Sustainable Aviation Fuels 2030, Vol 2

(Emerging Markets Online)  New study! Renewable Diesel & Sustainable Aviation Fuels 2030, Vol 2. (249 pages, August 2021) focuses on low-carbon feedstock availability, technology pathways for low carbon renewable diesel, and sustainable aviation production. Renewable Diesel & Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) 2030  covers

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Recent Innovations in Turning Agricultural Waste into Biofuels

by Raj Shah and Amanda Loo (altenergymag.com/Koehler Instrument Company)  Wastes from fields and wastes from processing are the two kinds of agricultural wastes. Field wastes are present after harvesting crops and include stems, leaves, and stalks, and waste after processing

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Biofuels, RNG, SAF, Renewable Chem: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Praj

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  You may know Praj as a biofuels company but this slide guide from ABLC Digital highlights their growth and expansion into more. Check out Praj’s 2G tech enfinity, Bio-Mobility, Bio-Prism, ethanol projects updates, renewable natural

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New Solvents to Break Down Plant Cellulose for Bioethanol

(Science Daily/Kanazawa University) Researchers experimented with different combinations of zwitterionic molecules to produce a solvent that is liquid below 100°C and very effective at breaking down cellulose. This research may lead to much more cost-effective and safe production of biofuels,

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Bioenergy’s Role in Decarbonizing Economy: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to BETO & Biomass

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Biomass is the world’s largest generator of renewable energy and this slide guide from BETO’s Acting Director, Valerie Reed, highlights the role that bioenergy and biomass plays in decarbonizing the economy, worldwide SAF production projection,

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Having a Field Day Talking about Hemp for Biofuel in Maryland

by Joanne Ivancic* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  For the US agricultural community, having a field day gives farmers and others in the agricultural products value chain the opportunity not only for hands-on learning about new crops and new technologies or about

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Biofuels: An Overview

(Climate Now)Biomass – such as corn or switchgrass – can be converted into liquid transportation fuels, or biofuels. Biofuels are attractive because they result in significantly fewer emissions than fossil fuels, but they come with their own set of challenges,

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Aviation Leaders Say Biofuels Still Too Expensive

by Cécile Michaut (Institut Polytechnique de Paris/Biofuels Digest) Aviation is counting on the use of biofuels and petrol-free synthetic fuels to reduce carbon emissions. Technically it is possible, but some say it’s still too expensive. Hear from Samuel Saysset, Lead techno

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Hydrocarbon Fuels from Industrial Off Gas: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to LanzaTech

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  LanzaTech’s Dr. Laurel Harmon shared this illuminating slide guide at the BETO Peer Review on jet and diesel fuel production from industrial waste gases, commercialization of ethanol-to-jet technology by building a standalone Alcohol-to-Jet pre-commercial demonstration

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Circla Nordic Debuts, Backed by ECCO Investment, Utilizing Bio2Oil Hydrothermal Liquefaction Technology for Biocrude

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In Denmark, ECCO Investment has made a key investment in Bio2Oil technology and a new company has been formed, Circla Nordic, to stress the circular nature/sustainability of the technology. The company has also received notice of

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Blue Biofuels Files 3 Additional Patents on Its CTS Technology

(Blue Biofuels) Alliance BioEnergy Plus Inc., DBA Blue Biofuels, (the “Company”) is pleased to announce that it filed 3 additional patents that follow on the granted patent to its Cellulose-to-Sugar (“CTS”) technology system. In the process of testing and perfecting towards commercialization,

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Energycane Produces More Biodiesel than Soybean at a Lower Cost

(University of Illinois/EurekAlert!)  Bioenergy from crops is a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. New crops such as energycane can produce several times more fuel per acre than soybeans. Yet, challenges remain in processing the crops to extract fuel efficiently. Four new studies

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S. Korean Defense Agency Develops Palm Oil-based Bio Jet Fuel Production Technique

by Park Sae-jin (AJU Business Daily)  South Korea's state defense research agency has acquired core technologies for the production of palm oil-based bio jet fuel. Through a series of tests, the agency found that the low-carbon renewable fuel could be

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Manta Wins MEIA 2021 Pitch Finale; MD Clean Energy Startups Shine

(Maryland Energy Innovation Accelerator)  MEIA 's 2021 Pitch Competition was a smashing success. Congratulations to Grand Prize winner Manta Biofuel, and Audience Choice co-winners InventWood and Manta Biofuel. Did you miss the event? Watch the video and pitches here. Owings Mills-based Manta

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Progress in the Commercialization of Biojet / Sustainable Aviation Fuels: Technologies, Potential and Challenges

(IEA Bioenergy) This report, prepared by IEA Bioenergy Task 39, provides an extensive analysis of the current and potential technologies for production of biomass based sustainable aviation fuels (Biojet/SAF). Sustainable Aviation Fuels will have to play a major role if the aviation

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Modeling for Biorefineries: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Red Rock Biofuels De-Risking Feedstock

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)Optimizing and de-risking the deployment of biomass gasification processes by implementing physics-based simulations of feed handling and transportation unit operations was NREL’s goal as they did modeling and simulations to support Red Rock Biofuels during design

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Top 10 Top Stories of 2021 so Far

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) 2021 so far is better than 2020 in many aspects – like a summer sunflower, things are looking up and opening up again in some parts of the world as vaccines are rolled out, especially

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LCA Model for Biofuels: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to GREET

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Technologies Model – aka GREET – can be used to address impacts and conduct life cycle analyses of biofuels and bioproducts. Check out Argonne National Laboratory’s

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Trash to Treasure, Waste to Fuels: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Cielo

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  What to do with the world’s most available and inexpensive feedstock – garbage? Cielo’s tech is capable of converting multiple waste streams into renewable fuel like high-grade renewable diesel, kerosene (aviation jet and marine fuel) and

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) from Liquefaction

by John Holladay and Zia Haq (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and U.S. DOE, Bioenergy Technologies Office) In November 2020, PNNL facilitated an international workshop on HTL for SAF production. Present an overview of findings • Quick overview of HTL • Details from the

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New Joint Venture: Advanced Thermal Conversion Technology for Renewable DME

(SHV Energy) SHV Energy and KEW Technology, a pioneering UK sustainable energy solutions company, will form a joint venture. The new joint venture is named Circular Fuels Ltd. It will develop renewable dimethyl ether (rDME) production plants. This strategic collaboration

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Therm vs Ferm – Which Has Bigger Returns?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In the battle between THERM vs FERM, today we look at a case study and what technology provides the best yields and returns given the economic conditions and prices of now. Gasify everything? Slice and dice

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SAF Feedstock Availability: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Sustainable Aviation Fuel in Brazil

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Addressing the challenges of sustainable aviation fuel feedstock availability in Brazil, RSB, in collaboration with Agroicone and the University of Campinas, published the outcomes of research into non-crop feedstock availability and potential in Brazil for

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RSB, Agroicone Publish Study to Support Sustainable Transformation in Brazil with SAF

(Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials) The aviation sector has ambitious targets for reducing its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and switching from fossil fuels to low-carbon Sustainable Aviation Fuels. SAF is considered the most efficient way to achieve those targets quickly, however, in

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2021 Project Peer Review—Presentation Database

(U.S. Department of Energy)  The Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) hosted its 2021 Project Peer Review virtually on March 8‒12, 2021; March 15‒16, 2021; and March 22‒26, 2021. Presentations for all sessions can be found in the searchable database below. For more information,

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Hydroflex Tech for Renewable Diesel and Jet Fuel: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Haldor Topsoe

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Today we look at using Haldor Topsoe’s HydroFlex technology to transform almost any renewable feedstock into drop-in, ultra-low sulfur gasoline, jet fuel or diesel. Ready for greenfield projects, refinery add-ons and conversions — how does

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Biomass to Sugar Conversion Mechanisms: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Pretreatment and Enzymes for Biofuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Get the latest on thermochemical pretreatment and enzymatic reactions for biofuels and biochemicals production from Rajesh Gupta from Lee Enterprises Consulting in this illuminating slide guide. From lignocellulosic and algal biomass, comparison of popular pretreatment

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Potential Biofuel Production Pathways in Indonesia: Overview of Processes, Feedstocks, and Types of Fuel

by Tenny Kristiana and Chelsea Baldino  (International Council on Clean Transportation) Because of its abundant biofuel feedstocks, Indonesia has the potential to produce biofuels via a number of pathways, including using different technologies and feedstocks to create different fuels. There is strong

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Renewable Diesel Kicks off 2021 with Conversions, Capacity Increases, New Feedstocks and More

by Helena Tavares Kennedy (Biofuels Digest) ... What is the overall demand and market like? What about feedstock innovations? Are there clear technology winners? In today’s Digest, some new facilities, some conversions, some increased capacity, what are the key trends

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BETO’s Bioenergy Data Workshop: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Bioenergy Data

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The U.S. Department of Energy’s EnergyEfficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) just released the workshop summary report from the virtual event they hosted last summer that discussed how to collect and valorize

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Earth Day 2021 Series Day 12: Conversion Processes for Biofuel Production

by Ahmed Abdellah* (Advanced Biofuels USA)When dealing with the conversion of raw materials into biofuels and biochemicals, the first step is to break down raw materials. During this process, the raw material may go through bailing, grinding, and condensing. Then, the

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U.S. Department of Energy Announces $61 Million for Biofuels Research to Reduce Transportation Emissions DEADLINE: April 30, 2021

(U.S. Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced more than $61 million for technologies and processes that produce low-cost, low-carbon biofuels. Biofuels are made up of renewable resources and can power heavy-duty vehicles that are difficult to electrify with

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Earth Day 2021 Series Day 2: Where Do Renewable Fuels, Biofuels, and Bio- or Renewable Chemicals Come from? (Hint: Feedstocks)

by Ahmed Abdellah* What are feedstocks?  Feedstocks for renewable fuels and chemicals include organic materials like grains, woody biomass and food waste and non-organic materials like plastics, hydrogen, carbon dioxide. Contrary to popular belief, the crops that are used for feedstocks

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The Tech, Markets, Apps, Players: The Digest’s 2021 Multi-Slide Guide to Pyrolysis

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) What can Pyrolysis produce that’s sustainable and affordable? Technology, markets, applications, key players, what’s here and what’s coming. Check out this deep-dive into pyrolysis, including the hot new field of plastic pyrolysis for advanced fuels

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5 Key Tech Takeaways: Highlights from Tech Presented at ABLC 2020

by Iacovos Vasalos (Center for Research and Technology-Hellas/Biofuels Digest) This report summarizes highlights from the ABLC 2020 Biofuels Digest Virtual Conference, which took place in July 7-10, 2020. (And if you haven’t already registered for this year’s ABLC Digital on May 3-7,

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LCRI Looks at Hydrogen, Biofuels, Synthetic Fuels: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Low-Carbon Fuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Hydrogen, ammonia, synthetic hydrocarbon fuels, and biofuels can provide greenhouse gas emissions reduction for difficult-to-decarbonize sectors when produced via low-carbon means—from clean electricity, renewable feedstocks, or fossil resources with carbon capture, utilization, and storage, says

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Lighting the Path to Net Zero: NREL's Strategy Drives Deep Transportation Decarbonization

(National Renewable Energy Laboratory) From Passenger Cars to Commercial Trucks, Aircraft, Marine, Rail, and Mobility Systems, NREL’s Whole-System Approach Ensures a Sustainable, Resilient, and Equitable Climate Future -- The transportation sector is the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions in the

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Landfill Gas to Ethanol

by Gary C. Young (Bio-Thermal-Energy Inc./Ethanol Producer Magazine)  Mixed with steam, run through a reformer and fermented, landfill gas proves an economic and environmentally beneficial feedstock for ethanol production. And each LFG project is a source of green energy that

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Sustainable Aviation Fuels and the Technologies, Constraints and Burgeoning Demand

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) It's been a rough 2020 for aviation with COVID-19's impact on travel. Yet, climate goals remain in place, and the pivot from petroleum to renewable fuels continues, the sky is in focus. 2021 has started off with

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Innovations in Bioprocess Tech for Fuels: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to USDA

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  USDA’s Bruce Dien shared this illuminating slide guide at ABLC 2020 focusing on the National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research in Peoria, Illinois and recent success of NCAUR research. From biorefineries, advanced ethanol and biobutanol,

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Big News for the Big Heavy: As Renewable Diesel Surges, HONEYWELL UOP Dials up a One-Step Process to Collapse Capex

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) There’s news from Planet Honeywell UOP, that they’ve achieved a one-step conversion to renewable diesel for selected feedstocks. It’s notable for two reasons. First, it reduces the capex for certain eligible feedstocks — right now, think quality

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Bioenergy Technologies Office 2021 Project Peer Review --- March 8-16, 2021 and March 22-26, 2021 --- ONLINE

The U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) is hosting the 2021 Project Peer Review on March 8-16, 2021 and March 22-26, 2021 that will be held virtually on Zoom. Approximately 300 projects in BETO’s research, development, and demonstration portfolio

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Feedstock-Conversion Interface Consortium WEBINAR: Developing Modeling Tools for the Emerging Biorefinery Industry --- February 11, 2021

Join the Feedstock-Conversion Interface Consortium (FCIC) for an informational webinar highlighting the computational modeling work occurring within the consortium. Two FCIC researchers will discuss computational modeling approaches to predict the behavior of biomass feedstocks. Dr. Yidong Xia from Idaho National

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Enzymes, Lignin Transformed into Biobased Products: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to MetGen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Sugar-based bioplastics and lignin-based composites, resins, adhesives, and foams are already here, MetGen’s COO Matti Heikkilä. Find out what else he had to say at the recent DigestConnect about enabling novel biobased materials and renewable

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Siemens Energy to Drive the Development of Green Hydrogen Economy in the Middle East

(Siemens/ElectricEnergyOnline) Siemens Energy and Mubadala join strategic partnership to accelerate green hydrogen capabilities in Abu Dhabi; Siemens Energy to collaborate with Masdar and partners on developing clean hydrogen fuels  Siemens Energy is advancing the development of green hydrogen ecosystems in the

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From Waste to Profits and Products: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Sierra Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  How do you recycle mixed and complex waste? What about waste that can’t be recycled? These are the questions that Mike Hart, CEO of Sierra Energy tackles in this illuminating slide guide that looks at

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Boost for the Global Deployment of Licella’s Innovative Cat-HTR™ Technology as Global Plastics Licensee Mura Technology Partners with Leading Engineering Firm KBR

(Licella) Licella Holdings (‘Licella’), Mura’s largest single shareholder, congratulate Mura Technology (‘Mura’), UK-based developer and licensee of their Cat-HTR™ platform, on announcing a global partnership with KBR, a leading international provider of science, technology and engineering solutions. The new partnership supports the global deployment

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Getting to Neutral Carbon: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Carbon Drawdown

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory’s A.J. Simon shared this illuminating slide guide at ABLC 2020 to look at the role that bioeconomy pathways play in drawing down CO2 from the atmosphere. From pathway selection, corn starch,

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Truly Renewable Energy: The Importance of Organics Recycling in a Decarbonized Future

by Shawn Kreloff (Bioenergy Devco/Biofuels Digest) ... But what if we could replace a significant amount of these fossil fuels with renewable natural gas (RNG) or Green Hydrogen created solely from advanced processing of organic residuals – byproducts that would

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ORNL’s Latest on Bio-oils Corrosion and Degradation: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Oak Ridge National Laboratory

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Oak Ridge National Laboratory is conducting studies for BETO to identify better materials for raw biomass processing, biomass liquefaction, and bio-oil storage. From how important alloy selection is to working on materials issues with developers

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Biofuels Need Cost-Effective Separations Tech: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Bioprocessing Separations Consortium

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Four critical challenges in biochemical and thermochemical processing were addressed in the just released “Bioprocessing Separations Consortium Three-Year Overview” U.S. BETO report, including targeting the fractionation of lignin to enable valorization; Developing technologies to enable

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This Biotech Startup Is Making Palm Oil-Substitutes and Omega-3s from Carbon Emissions

by Kristin Toussaint (Fast Company) Instead of having more carbon go into the atmosphere, making our planet warmer and speeding up the effects of climate change, you might soon be able to eat those emissions. Biotech company LanzaTech has successfully

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Enzymatic Lignin Valorization: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to MetGen

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Sugar-based bioplastics and lignin-based foams and composites are making it possible to transform the huge amount of oil based materials and products in our lives to biobased products. MetGen is making it happen with zero

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thermocellum cloud point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel lubricants lumber mill Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol price Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts 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Nevada New Brunswick new fuel approval New Guinea New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New South Wales New York New Zealand Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador next generation biofuels next generation vehicles NHRA drag racing Nicaragua nickel Niger Nigeria nipa sap nitrate leaching nitrates nitrogen Nitrogen fertiliser nitrogen starvation nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis 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RNG tax credit roadmap rocket fuel Romania RON (Research Octane Number) rosin rotation crops Roundtable on Sustainable Biomaterials (RSB) royalties RP-1 RTP (rapid thermal processing) rubber rubber seeds rumen ruminants rural development Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae 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