Study Shows Bioenergy Could Become Major Energy Source in 2030

Two German scientists investigated the feasibility of replacing fossil fuels with biomass as the primary energy supply. Their paper, published in the journal Naturwissenschaften, posited a scenario in which degraded lands were planted with fast growing trees, which were then

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Ethanol, Biomass May Fuel Fuel Cells

Researchers at the California Institute of Technology are exploring the use of biomass or ethanol as a primary fuel in fuel cells instead of hydrogen to produce energy from electrochemical reactions with fewer emissions and greater efficiency than internal combustion

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Waste Coffee Grounds Offer New Source Of Biodiesel Fuel

Researchers in Nevada are reporting that waste coffee grounds can provide a cheap, abundant, and environmentally friendly source of biodiesel fuel for powering cars and trucks. READ MORE.

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Diverse Crops Better for Sustainable Biofuel Production

Shifting more acreage to corn production may not be the best way to meet increasing renewable fuel production requirements, researchers at Michigan State University and the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center are finding.  Growing a variety of different crops is

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Ceres, Inc., Introduces Dedicated Energy Crop Seeds

California-based crop company Ceres Inc. has introduced two varieties each of switchgrass and high-biomass sorghum specifically designed to boost energy crop yields.  Early buyers of the seeds include DOE-backed biofuels companies building demonstration cellulosic ethanol refineries as well as forward-thinking

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Study Finds That Without a Price on Carbon, Regular Hybrids can Lower Lifecycle CO2 Emissions As Effectively as Plug-in Hybrids, and At Lower Cost

A new working paper from Duke University finds that in the absence of a price signal for CO2, regular hybrids can lower lifecycle carbon dioxide emissions as effectively as plug-in hybrids, and at a considerably lower cost. READ MORE. [View

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Scientists Seek to Turn Waste Glycerol Biofuels into High-Value Gas

For every tonne of biodiesel made from vegetable oil, 100kg of thick, viscous glycerol is produced as a byproduct. The annual 6.8 billion liters of biodiesel production in the EU yields around 680,000 tonnes of crude glycerol. Although some of

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UGA Researchers Looking to Turn Fruit into Fuel

by April Sorrow (University of Georgia)  Half of all the fruit grown in Georgia is never eaten by people or animals. It rots in the fields. A University of Georgia researcher says that spoiled fruit could fuel cars.   That wasted

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Modified Lignin Has Potential Benefits for Ethanol, Advanced Biofuels, Paper, and Feed

University of Wisconsin-Madison scientists, in partnership with USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS), have synthesized a new form of lignin that breaks down more readily than that which occurs in nature. Lignin is the mortar that holds cellulose (the thick, undigestable

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USDA Offers Guaranteed Loans for Commercial-Scale Biorefineries

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is offering to guarantee loans of up to $250 million for commercial-scale biorefineries that produce biofuels from something other than corn starch. One company that plans to apply for a loan guarantee is Florida-based

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Critique of the Obama/Biden Energy Plan

by Robert E. Kozak, Advanced Biofuels USA Board Member (I was quite disappointed to see no mention of low GHG biofuels and quite a reliance on oil, gas, and coal, for a plan that is being touted as "Making the U.S.

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Freeways to Fuels (F2F)

by Dallas Hanks and Ralph Whitesides  (Utah State University)  ... Nearly all highway, airport, railway and military areas in the United States have fallow agronomic areas that require regular maintenance to keep them from becoming unsightly and unsafe. In addition

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Fungal Diesel Could Be New Fuel Source

by Sam Bond (edie.net)  A fungus that makes biodiesel as part of its natural lifecycle has attracted the attention of American scientists wishing to tap into its potential.   The fungus has been discovered living in trees in the Patagonian rainforests

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Utah’s Green Star Products, Inc., Plans Expanded Advanced Biofuels Production

In 2006, Green Star started plans to construct biorefineries that produce ethanol from low cost agricultural waste products (wood chips, switch-grass, rice stalks, municipal waste, etc.) from biomass based on its proprietary process patents and production of biodiesel integrating Green

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NASCAR Hires Lynch to Head 'Green' Initiative

As NASCAR develops an industry-wide initiative to address the environment, the sanctioning body has taken an even bigger step in hiring Dr. Mike Lynch to head up a new Green initiative. "Mike will be developing and coordinating an industry strategy to

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Missouri Voters Approve a Renewable Energy Requirement

Missouri voters approved a measure that will require the state's investor-owned utilities to draw on renewable energy for 15% of their electricity supply by 2021. The Missouri Clean Energy Initiative, or Proposition C, passed easily, garnering approval from 66% of

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Meeting Ethanol Mandates in California: A 5-Part Series

Spot.us, a new venture dedicated to crowdfunded reporting, was able to commission Wired.com staff writer Alexis Madrigal to move forward with his article on meeting ethanol mandates in California.  Gas2.0 is proud to be the first media source to publish Alexis’

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Texas Loses “Food vs. Fuel” Biofuel Feud

by Angela Neville (Power Mag) ... In April, the Texas governor jumped into the middle of this debate. Responding to what some observers thought was strong pressure from TSCRA, Texas Governor Rick Perry (R) submitted a formal request to the Environmental

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The Science of Green Racing: Fuel for the Future

The Drayson Racing Aston Martin Vantage GT2 racing car (007) runs on 2nd generation E85 (85% proof) bioethanol fuel which is produced by the hydrolysis, or breaking down, of the cellulose found in waste wood using specially developed enzymes which act

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Great Plains – The Camelina Company and the EERC Poised to Produce 100 Percent Renewable Jet Fuel from Camelina

Great Plains-The Camelina Company has studied the science and agronomy of camelina for over 10 years and for the past three years has contracted with growers throughout the United States and Canada to grow the crop. Currently, the company is

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Novel Fungus Helps Beetles to Digest Hard Wood

by  Amit Avasthi and Vicki Fong (Penn State University, gantdaily.com)  A little known fungus tucked away in the gut of Asian longhorned beetles helps the insect munch through the hardest of woods according to a team of entomologists and biochemists. Researchers

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From Sugar To Gasoline: 'Green Gasoline' Crafted From Sugar and Carbohydrates

Following independent paths of investigation, two research teams are announcing this month that they have successfully converted sugar-potentially derived from agricultural waste and non-food plants-into gasoline, diesel, jet fuel and a range of other valuable chemicals. READ MORE

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Chesapeake Cellulosic Biofuels Report Released

The Report of the Chesapeake Cellulosic Biofuels Project Next-Generation Biofuels: Taking the Policy Lead for the Nation was released at the Cellulosic Biofuels Summit held on September 4, 2008 in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. “This publication represents the culmination of a year-long effort

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Fusion Enzymes for Biofuels

C2 Biotechnologies, LLC  of Germantown, New York  (C2B) harnesses the power of biology to fuse different proteins, specifically, enzymes with desirable characteristics, into one product using a fusion enzyme technology platform.  Download PDF or READ MORE

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Green Auto Racing? How Can that Be?

On August 28 and 29, a group of well-connected “car guys” (male and female) got together to discuss the future of personal transportation in the world. They did so through the prism of international car racing, hosted by the Motorsport

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Comments on Implementation of Title IX, Energy Authorities of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008

by Robert Kozak, President, Atlantic Biomass Conversions, Inc.; Board Member, Advanced Biofuels USA  Title IX Implementation: Overall Goals   First and foremost I urge whichever Administration takes office in January to honor the intent of Title IX legislation, to assure that the mandatory funding

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80% of British Biofuels are Unsustainable

by Fred Pearce (New Scientist)  Biofuels have received another environmental black mark. A survey commissioned by the UK government found that over 4 litres in every 5 supplied at British pumps fail to meet basic industry standards for sustainable production. Manufacturers

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Agriculture’s Role in Fueling the BioCar of the Future

Until recently, Americans thought very little of filling up our gas tanks. Gas was gas. Where it came from was of little concern, as long as it powered our cars to get us where we needed to be, when we

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$2.00/gal Bio Diesel Fuel Ready for Production

Several thousand gallons of bio diesel fuel that meets ASTM specification D-975 have been produced, road tested in diesel vehicles and declared ready for volume production, according to Harrison Dillon, President and Chief Technology Officer, Solazyme, Inc. South San Francisco,

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Department of Defense Advanced Aviation Biofuels Program

The Defense Department has been directed to explore a wide range of energy alternatives and fuel efficiency efforts in a bid to reduce the military's reliance on oil to power its aircraft, ground vehicles and non-nuclear ships. The goal of

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Giant Grass Miscanthus Can Meet US Biofuels Goal Using Less Land Than Corn Or Switchgrass

ScienceDaily (Aug. 4, 2008) — In the largest field trial of its kind in the United States, researchers have determined that the giant perennial grass Miscanthus x giganteus outperforms current biofuels sources – by a lot.  READ MORE

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FAA Selects X PRIZE Foundation for Grant to Spur Renewable Aviation Fuels and Technologies

U.S. Secretary of Transportation Mary E. Peters announced July 10, 2008, that the FAA has selected the X PRIZE Foundation to develop a strategy to create monetary incentives for developing renewable aviation fuels and technologies to stem the affect of pollutants from

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Lufthansa Aims to Use Some Biofuel

The German airline, Lufthansa, plans to cut 25 percent of its carbon dioxide emissions by 2020.  Luftansa announced plans to clean up emissions at the airline, aiming to use 10 percent biofuel in its fleet by 2020.  The company set a series

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Crawford County Farmers Growing Camelina for Biofuel

(Farm and Dairy)  In most places in the East, they’re still talking about the coming biofuels revolution. But in Crawford County, Pennsylvania — thanks largely to Penn State Cooperative Extension — farmers already are involved in it. The local extension office

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Getting Real About Oil

Presidential hopeful John McCain said it this week and he can't deny it.   The war in Iraq is about our dependency on foreign oil. He's right and he needn't apologize for it. And look where it's gotten us five years later.

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Now Sunlight CO2 and Bacteria Equals Ethanol

(New Energy and Fuel) A new bacterium, a cyanobacterium that is energized by sunlight and excretes the sugars glucose and sucrose with some cellulose has been created by Dr. R. Malcolm Brown and Dr. David Nobles at the University of Texas

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Biofuels from Sugar Beets

 Sugar beet pulp left over from sugar production is rich in 5-carbon (C-5) and 6-carbon (C-6) sugars that are ideal for the production of advanced biofuels.   Atlantic Biomass Conversions, Inc., is currently developing "evolved" enzyme sets to release C-5 and

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Biofuels and the Energy-Water Nexus

by Ron Pate (Sandia National Laboratories)  This presentation explores the demands of water on renewable energy development, including biofuels.  READ MORE

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Juice: Alternate Fuels World Announcing the Advanced Biofuels Association

I recently spoke with Joanne Ivancic, the founder and director of the recently formed Advanced Biofuels USA ... (She) perceived that a whole contingent of biofuels developers were not being either recognized or represented. And surely she is right. Ethanol and biodiesel

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Advanced Biofuels USA Forms in Maryland to Lobby for Next-Gen Biofuels

In Maryland, a trade association has been formed to advocate and lobby in behalf of second generation biofuels. Advanced Biofuels USA will serve individuals, farm co-ops, start-up companies and commercial-scale producers a voice in influencing policy. Bob Kozak, president of

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Advanced biofuels organization formed

A Maryland-based nonprofit has been established to promote the interests of the advanced biofuels industry.   READ MORE

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Biofuel Promotion Group Organized

A new organization aimed at promoting advanced biofuels industry has been founded in Frederick. Advanced Biofuels USA wants to bring to the forefront the interests of the developing advanced biofuels industry, founder Joanne Ivancic said in press release Wednesday.   READ

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Breeding and Biotechnology Increase the Productivity and Efficiency of Maize

Mike Edgerton (Monsanto) from the Global Stewardship session at the Biomass 2008 conference.  Download PDF.

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Ag Biotechnology Improvements for Dedicated Energy Crops

Neal Gutterson (Mendel Biotechnology) from the plenary sesssion at the Biomass 2008 conference.

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Designing Proactive Bioenergy Choices in a Landscape Context

Virginia Dale and colleagues (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) from Stewardship sesssion at Biomass 2008 conference.  Bioenergy feedstock choices.  Download PDF.

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Accelerating Production of Advanced Biofuels with Industrial Biotech Breakthroughs

From the open plenary session of the Biomass 2008 Conference.   Download PDF.

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International GeneSyst Converts Municipal Waste to Ethanol

GeneSyst upgraded the weak acid hydrolysis process to convert biomass from municipal waste to fuel ethanol by making it a 'continuous (flow) process ' using the patented Gravity Pressure Vessel instead of the former 'pump and pressure' tanks (batch).  READ

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Bio Aviation Fuel

by Jennifer Holmgren (UOP) This March 2008 presentation reviews biomass-based manufacturing technologies and aviation fuel requirements.  READ MORE

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Graduate students and American Indian tribes work for biofuel solutions

March 14, 2008    In the midst of rising concern about energy sources, many are looking at local, waste-derived biofuels as a renewable alternative to fossil fuels.  Most biofuel in the United States is made from plants, such as corn, and carried

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Alternative Fuels - Green Racing What Is That, And Is It Possible?

by Rob Fisher   (Circle Track)  ..."A little over two years ago at the SAE congress there was a meeting of a new technical working group. People from all over the racing community were at this meeting-tracks, sanctions, suppliers, engine builders,

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Using Plants to Turn Solar Energy Into Useful Products: Framing the Biofuels Debate at the Proper Point on the Technology Curve

 …It is difficult to argue with scientific measurements and peer review when they are discussing the first generation technologies, with little relevance of the overall shift towards renewables and greentech that is making all industry more energy efficient, improving water

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Pacific Ethanol Wins DOE Cellulosic Energy Grant

U.S. Department of Energy has included Pacific Ethanol in a matching award totaling $24.32 million to build the first cellulosic ethanol demonstration plant in the Northwest United States.  The plant will employ a technology to produce ethanol from wheat straw,

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20-30 Percent Ethanol Inproves Fuel Efficiency in Some Cars, MnCAR Discovers

by Tim Krohn (Free Press/Minnesota State University)  When Bruce Jones and his colleagues began a study on how higher blends of ethanol would affect gas mileage, he expected to prove conventional wisdom true: The more ethanol added to gasoline, the

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Who is Driving the Biofuels and Biobased Products Industry?

One of the common frustrations that these leaders face is that the research and government organizations come to them for ideas or product samples, but instead of treating them as the drivers of innovation, they are treated as one of

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The Third Domain: The Untold Story of Archaea and the Future of Biotechnology

(Science News)  Until 1977, the known classes of life included eukaryotes and bacteria. When microbiologist Carl Woese announced the discovery of a third class, most academics scoffed. Yet today, barely 30 years later, archaea are known to be at least

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George Washington Carver and Henry Ford Shared a Bio-fuel (Ethanol) Vision

(The Auto Channel) Though worlds apart, George Washington Carver and Henry Ford shared a vision of a future in which agricultural products would be put to new uses to create products and industries. One idea both men worked on more than

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It Takes a Lot of Water to Grow a Corn Crop

by David Bennett (Southeast Farm Press) Last year, many Southern farmers found out just how much water a corn crop requires. “A good, high-yielding corn crop will use 22 or 23 inches of water,” says Emerson Nafziger, professor of crop production

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Nonwood Fiber Raw Materials and the Biorefinery

  by Robert W. Hurter (HurterConsult, Inc.)    The biorefinery is being touted as the way for the North American pulp and paper industry to reinvent itself. Feedstock for biorefineries includes virtually any biomass including forest waste, bark, fiber bearing sludge, construction waste,

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Transgenics Are Imperative for Biofuel Crops

  by Jonathan Gressel  (Plant Science)  Petroleum dependency is a challenge that can potentially be partly offset by agricultural production of biofuels, while decreasing net, nonrenewable carbon dioxide output. Plants have not beendomesticated formodern biofuel production, and the quickest,most efficient, and

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Rain Forest for Biodiesel?

by Guido Reinhardt, Nils Rettenmaier, Sven Gärtner, ifeu-Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg GmbH (Chapter 2 and 4) Andreas Pastowski, Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie GmbH (Chapter 3) (WWF Germany)  The study concludes that the use of tropical fallow land for planting oil

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Roadmap for Bioenergy and Biobased Products in the United States

The United States has become increasingly dependent in recent decades on imported petroleum to meet its energy needs.  A portfolio of more diverse and domestic feedstocks for our nation's energy and chemical supply must be found to reduce our dependence

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'Sweet' Biofuels Research Goes Down On The Farm

(Science Daily)  Oklahoma State University’s sorghum-related biofuels research is taking a localized approach, with the aim of making possible the effective production of ethanol in the farmer’s own field. Sweet sorghum can be grown throughout temperate climate zones of the United

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Salty Biodiesel Crops May Be Grown at the Beach

University of Delaware researchers are interested in developing a type of mallow, the seashore mallow, for biodiesel and ethanol production: And unlike soybeans and corn, which require annual plantings on valuable farmland to feed the growing appetite for biofuels, the

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Syngenta Introduces Tropical Sugar Beet for Food and Biofuels

Syngenta has introduced sugar beet in India for cultivation in tropical climatic conditions. Tropical sugar beet brings significant agronomic, environmental and output advantages to Indian farming and the Indian economy. The beet delivers similar output yields to sugar cane and

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An Apple a Day Keeps the Gas Pump Away

by Jeremy Elton (Treehugger)   A team of scientists led by James Dumesic at the University of Wisconsin-Madison has discovered a way (subscription needed) to turn the sugar commonly found in fruits like apples and oranges into a biofuel with 40%

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A Research Roadmap for Making Lignocellulosic Biofuels A Practical Reality: Breaking the Chemical and Engineering Barriers to Lignocellulosic Biofuels: Next Generation Hydrocarbon Biorefineries

Based on the June 25-26, 2007 Workshop in Washington, DC, with Dr. George Hubner, University of Massachusetts--Amherst, Workshop Chair View the PDF

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Mediterranean Energy and Ecology Center Announces New Biomass Hydrolysis Process Test Results

BIOPOLYGEN Group of the MEEC, Israel, reports a successful completion of the first phase of its new biomass hydrolysis process tests and announces the plans to construct and demonstrate a small-scale pilot biorefinery for co-production of second generation ethanol, organic-mineral

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Biomass Recalcitrance: Engineering Plants and Enzymes for Biofuels Production

by Michael E. Himmel, Shi-You Ding, David K. Johnson, William S. Adney, Mark R. Nimlos, John W. Brady and Thomas D. Foust  (Science Magazine)  Lignocellulosic biomass has long been recognized as a potential sustainable source of mixed sugars for fermentation to biofuels and other biomaterials. Several technologies have

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University of California Berkeley, the University of Illinois and the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab Join Research Effort

(British Petroleum)  BP today announced it has selected the University of California Berkeley and its partners the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory to join in a $500 million research program that will explore how bioscience

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Making the Desert Bloom - with Fuel-Yielding Plants, Halophytes

A NASA scientist is confident that within five years commercial aircraft could be powered using a type of biofuel derived from saltwater plants, or halophytes, grown in desert areas and irrigated using sea water. While the concept may sound far-fetched,

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Biologist Finds Cell Wall Construction Pathway

Wood with altered properties and cheaper ethanol through more efficient production are two possibilities as a result of a find by a biologist at Washington University in St. Louis.   Erik Nielsen, Ph.D., Washington University adjunct professor of biology in Arts

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Saab 9-3 BioPower Concept

(Left Lane)   ...(T)he ground-breaking Saab 9-3 BioPower Hybrid Concept, which delivers zero fossil CO2 emissions, enhanced performance and a range of energy-saving features by combining the use of pure bioethanol fuel and electric power generation for the first time. As

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Citrus Peel Waste a Potential Source of Ethanol

Thanks to recent hikes in gasoline prices, there is a renewed interest in finding a cheaper way to fill up the gas tank. Researchers at the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Citrus and Subtropical Products Laboratory in Winter Haven, Fla. have

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How to Beat the High Cost of Gasoline. Forever!

by Adam Lashinsky and Nelson D. Schwartz (CNN Money/Fortune Magazine) You probably don't know it, but the answer to America's gasoline addiction could be under the hood of your car. More than five million Tauruses, Explorers, Stratuses, Suburbans, and other vehicles

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Biomass as Feedstock for a Bioenergy and Bioproducts Industry: The Technical Feasibility of a Billion-Ton Annual Supply

USDA and DOE put together this study finding that there could be adequate biomass to displace 30% or more of current US annual petroleum consumption.  READ MORE

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Top Value Added Chemicals from Biomass Volume 1: Results of Screening for Potential Candidates from Sugars and Synthesis Gas

(US Department of Energy)  This report identifies twelve building block chemicals that can be produced from sugars via biological or chemical conversions. The twelve building blocks can be subsequently converted to a number of high-value bio-based chemicals or materials. Building

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The Novel Pathway for ketodiene oxylipin Biosynthesis in Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) Tubers.

(PubMed)  The new route of the plant lipoxygenase pathway, directed specifically towards the ketodiene formation, was detected during in vitro experiments with Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) tubers. Through this pathway (9Z,11E,13S)-13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid (13-HPOD) is reduced to corresponding 13-hydroxy acid (13-HOD),

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Biogas from Human Waste

(Consortium on RuralTechnology)  Biogas plants have been accepted by now in the country~as a device for improving the quality of the life of the people. They help in recycling of the cattie wastes and produce both fuel and manure from

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emissions carbon fiber carbon insets Carbon Intensity (CI)/Carbon Footprint carbon life cycle carbon markets Carbon Monoxide (CO) carbon negative carbon neutrality carbon offsets carbon pipeline carbon price carbon recycling carbon removal carbon sink carbon standard carbon tax Carbon tax border adjustments carbon tax-and-dividend carbon terminal carbon user fee Carbon Utilization and Biogas Education Program carbon-14 testing carbon-efficient fuels carbon/CO2 sequestration carcinogens cardoon Caribbean carinata carinata/brassica carinata carob CAS Registry cashew cashew apple Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) CASI Cassava cassava price cassava pulp cassava stalk castor bean castor stalk catalysis catalysts catalytic decarboxylation catalytic hydrothermal conversion catalytic hydrothermal conversion-to-jet (CHCJ) catalytic hydrothermal gasification catalytic hydrothermolysis jet CHJ pathway cattails cattle cavitation CBD (cannabidiol) CBG (compressed biogas) cell culturing cellulase 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point clover cmelina CNG Conversion kit co co-generation co-location Co-op Extension co-operative co-processing co-products CO2 Electrolysis CO2 neutral fuels CO2Removal Certificates (CORCs) coal Coal and Biomass to Liquid (CBTL) Coast Guard coastal habitat conservation coastal hay cobalt cock's foot coco coco methyl ester (CME) cocoa Coconut coffee coffee cherries coffee grounds coffee pulp cold flow cold-tolerance college/university Colombia Colorado combined heat and power (CHP) Comment Request commercial flights commercialization commissioning commo Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) commodity trading common reed Community activity community college Community involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude oil Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security 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drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric 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(FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum 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High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen price hydrogen pumps/fueling 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