by Christopher Surgenor (GreenAir Online) Whether COP26 is ultimately judged a success or failure, a number of notable outcomes for the aviation sector emerged that could accelerate momentum and encourage progress towards its net zero emissions by mid-century ambition. One important achievement was resolving differences and uncertainties over Article 6 of the Paris Agreement that provides for market and non-market mechanisms for countries and non-state participants to meet emission reduction targets. According to carbon markets body IETA, decisions on double-counting avoidance and other environmental integrity fundamentals will provide a boost in confidence to airline investors and the CORSIA carbon offsetting scheme. COP26 also saw the launch of the UK-led International Aviation Climate Ambition Coalition – with an initial 23 signatory countries – that is calling for an agreement on setting a long-term, net-zero target at next year’s ICAO Assembly. Among the many aviation-focused side events that took place over the two-week Glasgow COP was the unveiling of a toolkit to help countries develop a sustainable aviation fuel policy framework. READ MORE; includes VIDEOS
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One less positive outcome of the Article 6 negotiations was a compromise that allows a carry-over of credits left from the UN’s Clean Development Mechanism, established under the Kyoto Protocol, to a new crediting system, although their use is restricted to the first cycle of national commitments. Without restrictions, more than 4 billion credits could have been carried over. EDF estimates that some 120 million tonnes could be carried forward, while Carbon Market Watch (CMW) puts the figure nearer to 300 million of what it describes as ‘zombie’ credits.
“These zombie credits are of poor quality, lack environmental integrity and most of the projects they financed would have happened anyway without the financial support,” said a critical Gilles Dufrasne, the CMW’s Policy Officer.
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Laurent Donceel, Senior Policy Director at trade body Airlines for Europe, told Bloomberg the Article 6 deal would make CORSIA stricter.
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The UK is keen to ensure the coalition represents a diverse and broad range of voices from every geographical region, so in addition to developed countries, members from developing nations such as Burkina Faso, Costa Rica, Kenya, Maldives and Morocco have joined the group. The declaration invites other states to commit to the declaration “and work with us towards our shared objectives.”
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A key component of an ICAO agreement on a long-term target as far as the UK is concerned is that there must be just one global goal, as set out in the last Assembly climate resolution (A40-18), that does not discriminate between developed and developing world countries. It argues the common but differentiated responsibilities (CBDR) principle applies within the UNFCCC, whereas ICAO is underpinned by its equal treatment principle.
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SAF policy toolkit launch
Transport Day also saw the launch of an initiative by the World Economics Forum’s Clean Skies for Tomorrow (CST) and the Mission Possible Partnership (MPP) to support governments and policymakers develop and implement national strategies on sustainable aviation fuels. The SAF Policy Toolkit aims to help them remove barriers and facilitate increased supply and demand, and is designed with reference to the diversity of national contexts and the various stages of sectoral decarbonisation by providing examples and analysis that are intended to be useful regardless of status.
A report that accompanied the launch addresses the need for national-level policy support and the role of international cooperation; strategy guidance addressing critical actions before pursuing specific policies; and a toolkit of policy options providing a decision pathway for policymakers.
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The World Economic Forum (WEF) also took part in a number of other aviation-related related panel discussion events held during the COP. It also announced 20 airline members of its Target True Zero initiative have pledged their commitment to utilising new technologies such as hydrogen and electric power. Specifically, the airlines will aim for 30% of the aircraft serving shorter range routes to be added to their fleets from 2030 to be powered by hydrogen and electric. Short-haul flights of less than 600 miles account for more than 17% of total airline emissions and breakthrough technologies can play a part in reducing not just CO2 but also contrails and emissions such as NOx, says WEF.
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Roughly half of the emission reductions needed to reach the 2050 climate goals rely on technologies in early development, demonstration or prototype phases and accelerating innovation in this decade is critical to bring these technologies to market and make them cost-competitive, says WEF.
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More aviation-related side events at COP26
How can aviation achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050?
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Nordic Sustainable Aviation: Skymiles ahead?
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Sustainable aviation fuel: From ambition to action
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Delivering Jet Zero
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New fuels for a better aviation: the case for using SAF
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Decarbonising aviation: Views from civil society and industry
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Destination carbon neutrality: Policies for decarbonization of aviation and maritime transport
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From flight shame to low carbon travels
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Net Zero Industry Transition: Sustainable Aviation Fuel Takes Off
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Sustainable Connectivity? Meet the Net Zero airport of the future – today
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Rolls-Royce – Flightpath to Net Zero
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University of Cambridge – Accelerating Aviation to Climate Neutrality
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READ MORE; includes VIDEOS
How close are hydrogen planes, really? (MarketPlace.org)
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