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Ethanol Recall

by Ken Root (High Plains Midwest Ag Journal)  ...But there were sectors of agriculture that saw a dramatic change in the cost of their feedstock and began to align with each other and any other interest that would sympathize with

April 22, 2013 Read Full Article

Renewable Fuel Standard Under Attack

by RP Siegel (TriplePundit)  Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack and Iowa Governor Terry Branstad appeared together recently defending the Renewable Fuel Standard from recent attacks from people like Robert Bradley Jr. who writes for Forbes. Bradley, an adjunct scholar of the fossil-fueled Cato and

April 22, 2013 Read Full Article

Powers Warns of Possible Lawsuit Following Cancellation of Trash-to-Ethanol Deal

by Marc Chase (Northwest Indiana Times)  Potential lawsuits are brewing in Lake County's trash-to-ethanol saga, according to a motion by solid waste officials and statements from the developer who had contracted to build and operate the plant. And it could come

April 22, 2013 Read Full Article

Bob Dinneen Gives the WSJ a Failing Grade

by Bob Dinneen (Renewable Fuels Association)  If the editorial writers of the Wall Street Journal consider themselves students of mine, “An Ethanol Spring,” (April 17), I am saddened to report to you that you’ve failed.  Apparently, you skipped too many

April 22, 2013 Read Full Article

U.S., Israel Could Collaborate on Advanced Biofuel Development

by U.S.-Israel Science and Technology Foundation/Biomass Magazine)  After a briefing by senior White House staff on April 17, following their arrival in the U.S., an Israeli delegation of top academic and industrial biofuels research scientists and innovators, and Israeli government program

April 22, 2013 Read Full Article

Air Liquide Signs Biofuel Research Contract

by  Stuart Radnedge (GasWorld)  Air Liquide has just signed a partnership agreement with the CEA (Commission for atomic energy and alternative energies in France) aiming to develop a second-generation biofuel production pilot unit in France. As part of this partnership, the CEA

April 22, 2013 Read Full Article

Aemetis Transitions from Corn Ethanol to Advanced Biofuels at Keyes Plant

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In California, Aemetis announced that its 60 million gallon per year capacity ethanol facility in Keyes, CA has completed maintenance and Advanced Biofuels retrofit, and is now restarting production. Last December, the EPA issued a final

April 22, 2013 Read Full Article

Agronomists and Admirals: Looking back at ABLC 2013

by Pavel Molchanov (Raymond James and Associates/Biofuels Digest)  ...There is no question that there have been growing pains along the way, more than we would have hoped, but the industry continues along its trajectory towards scale. We expect 2013 to be a

April 22, 2013 Read Full Article

Biofuel Exec: Change to Fuel Mandate Would Hurt Iowa Cellulosic Plant

by Christopher Doering (Des Moines Register)  A meaningful change to the country’s renewable fuel mandate would drastically curtail the market opportunity for a cellulosic ethanol plant being built in Emmetsburg by ethanol producer Poet and Dutch-based DSM Advanced Biofuels, a

April 22, 2013 Read Full Article

Car Fuel of the Future: US Dominating Cellulosic Ethanol Market

(Global Data)  Ethanol is the most widely acclaimed alternative or additive for gasoline used for running vehicles, and the US ranked as number one producer of this biofuel using natural waste feedstock, states new analysis by research and consulting firm

April 19, 2013 Read Full Article

ABO Launches Map of Algae Research, Companies and Projects

(Algae Industry Magazine) A new map of the algae industry published online by the Algae Biomass Organization (ABO) shows algae production facilities and research projects stretching from coast to coast, illustrating a nationwide opportunity for a new and growing industry that is moving to supply

April 19, 2013 Read Full Article

Tax Writers Warm to Giving Renewables Parity with Fossil Fuels

by Nick Juliano (MidWest Energy News)   A proposal to allow renewable energy developers to take advantage of a tax structure that has long been popular among fossil fuel companies is gaining traction among lawmakers tasked with overhauling the tax code. Rep.

April 19, 2013 Read Full Article

Turning Grease Into Diesel, Johnny Rockets Recycles Fry Oil Through DAR PRO Solutions

(Johnny Rockets/Sacramento Bee/PR Newswire) Johnny Rockets partners with DAR PRO Solutions to recycle its restaurants' used fry oil into renewable diesel fuel. Each year, Johnny Rockets serves about eight million pounds of American Fries and two million orders of Onion Rings, all of which

April 19, 2013 Read Full Article

Leading Democrat Says US May Not Be Able to Meet Biofuel Targets

by Ayesha Rascoe (Reuters)  * Wyden says committee will explore ethanol mandate * Energy committee to look at gasoline prices this Spring * Lawmakers introduced bill ending corn ethanol targets The chairman of the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee on Friday questioned

April 19, 2013 Read Full Article

Biofuels to Cost U.K. Motorists $707 Million, Chatham House Says

by Sally Blakewell (Bloomberg BusinessWeek)  Biofuels will cost U.K. motorists about 460 million pounds ($707 million) this year as the government increases their use in transport fuel, driving up food prices in poorer countries, Chatham House said. Britain’s program to expand

April 19, 2013 Read Full Article

Cobalt Signs Strategic Partner and Investor to Commercialize Bio-Based Butadiene Solution

(Cobalt/PRNewswire)  Strategic Partnership Opens Pathway to $40 Billion Butadiene Market Cobalt Technologies, a leading developer of next generation bio-based chemicals, today announced a strategic relationship with two prominent Asian chemical companies for the development of a complete biomass-to-butadiene solution, to be

April 19, 2013 Read Full Article

Sugar Shock: Sweetwater, Naturally Scientific Ink $250M Pact for Biobased Sugars

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The end-goal? High-value oils. Low-cost sugars become shock troops in the war for sustainability. In New York, we’ve learned that Sweetwater Energy will announce a project today to provide Naturally Scientific with customized industrial sugars over

April 19, 2013 Read Full Article

Long List of Lobbies Oppose Renewable-Fuels Standard

by Amy Harder (National Journal)  It’s hard to rival the diversity and sheer number of groups and companies with a vested interest in the renewable-fuels standard, from food and livestock businesses to those in the environmental and energy sectors. No official

April 19, 2013 Read Full Article

ABLC: Increasing Optimism in Biofuels Financing

by John Davis (DomesticFuel.com)  ...“I think the overarching message of the panel was a sign of increasing optimism,” says Chris Groobey, a partner in the law firm Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati, who spoke during a session on debt financing. He

April 19, 2013 Read Full Article

Dinneen to Forbes: Forbes Should Be Advocating For, Not Arguing Against, Increased Competition

by Bob Dinneen (Renewable Fuels Association) To the Editor:   What’s there about lower prices at the pump, less pollution and reduced reliance on imported oil that Robert Bradley, Jr., doesn’t like (“It’s Time to Repeal the Renewable Fuel Standard,” April 17)? Thanks

April 19, 2013 Read Full Article

AFPM Welcomes EPA Move to Address Biodiesel Fraud but Greater Fix is Needed

(Wall Street Journal/The American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers)  The American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers (AFPM) and American Petroleum Institute (API) filed comments in response to the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) proposed biofuel Quality Assurance Program. "EPA's proposal is a welcome attempt

April 19, 2013 Read Full Article

Florida Legislature Poised to Pull the Plug on Florida’s Bioenergy Sector

(Business Wire/Florida Biofuels and Bioenergy Association)  $1 Billion in Investment At Risk On Tuesday and Wednesday, the Florida Legislature will consider HB4001, which repeals the Renewable Fuels Standard set in 2008. With a federal mandate for 10 percent ethanol in gasoline, this legislation will

April 19, 2013 Read Full Article

Shell at ABLC: Don’t Blame Big Oil for Blend Wall

by John Davis (DomesticFuel.com)  One of the great things about the Advanced Biofuels Leadership Conference is the diverse group of biofuels stakeholders with diverse points of view. Case in point, Shell Oil’s presence at the gathering, and the company’s Downstream

April 19, 2013 Read Full Article

What Investors Got Wrong in Advanced Biofuels

by Doug Williams (Venture Beat)  ... Although I am not an expert in investing, there are a few things I think may need to happen to make the capital and technology risk work: Strategic investors may need to come into the fold

April 19, 2013 Read Full Article

Who Killed $2.18 Gasoline?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  An explosive report from Bloomberg alleges that a pathway to $2.18 per gallon gasoline was developed at Chevron-Weyerhaeuser owned Catchlight Energy.  Yet, the project was sidelined. Why?   Was the project really saddled with a threshold

April 19, 2013 Read Full Article

Oil-and-Gas Lobby Talks Biofuel Rule with White House, EPA, Senior Lawmakers

by Zack Coleman (The Hill E2Wire) The head of a powerful oil industry lobbying group met with top White House officials and senior lawmakers Wednesday about stripping a federal biofuel rule. “We’re talking about the renewable fuel standard (RFS). It’s a hot

April 18, 2013 Read Full Article

Local View: Renewable Fuel Stand Is Working

by Tim Scheer (JournalStar.com)  Once again, the Renewable Fuel Standard is the subject of debate and attack in Washington, DC. In truth, the RFS is one of the most successful pieces of legislation in recent years, because it has done exactly

April 18, 2013 Read Full Article

NexSteppe Launches Purpose-Designed Crops for Biofuels, Biopower and Biobased Products

(Reuters/NexSteppe)  Malibu and Palo Alto Sorghum Hybrids Provide Scalable, Reliable, and Sustainable Feedstock Options for the Biobased Industries NexSteppe, a company dedicated to pioneering the next generation of sustainable feedstock solutions for the biobased industries, today announced the launch of its first sorghum hybrid

April 18, 2013 Read Full Article

Biofuels Conference Told to Be Biomass Agnostic

by John Davis (DomesticFuel.com)  ...Guido Ghisolfi of the Italian company Beta Renewables told attendees of the Advanced Biofuels Leadership Conference (ABLC) that they, too, needed to be diverse in their thinking of biomass for biofuels. “It’s quite important that the [refineries] be biomass

April 18, 2013 Read Full Article

International Energy Agency: Need Major Scale Up in Global Biofuels Production

by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com)  Today, the International Energy Agency (IEA) released their Tracking Clean Energy Progress report in New Delhi that details the increased role that biofuels will need to play in reducing greenhouse gases (GHG) as part of their Climate Change

April 18, 2013 Read Full Article

Monitoring, Diagnostics Tackle Algae Biofuel Pond Crash Problem

(Sandia National Laboratories/Biodiesel Magazine)  Sandia National Laboratories is developing a suite of complementary technologies to help the emerging algae industry detect and quickly recover from algal pond crashes, an obstacle to large-scale algae cultivation for future biofuels. The research, which focuses

April 18, 2013 Read Full Article

REG Releases White Paper Promoting Food Security Side of Biodiesel

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Iowa, the Renewable Energy Group has released a white paper called “Food THEN Fuel: American Biodiesel’s Role in Strengthening Food Security” that seeks to demonstrate how biodiesel supports the nation’s food supply chain in a

April 18, 2013 Read Full Article

LS9 Expands Operations in Florida

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... LS9 CEO Tjerk de Ruiter announced the expansion of its operations at the Company’s Okeechobee, Florida demonstration facility with a successful customer trial. The Florida facility was initially designed, and has been used, to scale-up LS9′s

April 18, 2013 Read Full Article

BioGasol Delivers First CarboFrac Units to Sweetwater Energy

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ... Sweetwater Energy announed that BioGasol completed delivery of its first commercial biomass pretreatment system. The cellulosic sugar producer will use the unit, a Carbofrac 10, in its demonstration facility to produce pretreated biomass for use in

April 18, 2013 Read Full Article

Looking Back at ABLC 2013

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...Perhaps nothing was more on the minds of delegates as the future of the Renewable Fuel Standard, and the impact of the Washington policy debate on investor confidence — and the impact of low-cost natural

April 18, 2013 Read Full Article

Vilsack, LaHood Extend Aviation Biofuels Commitment

by John Davis (DomesticFuel.com)  Two members of Pres. Obama’s cabinet today have signed their names to an agreement that will extend the administration’s commitment to the production of biofuels for use in airplanes. Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack and Transportation

April 15, 2013 Read Full Article

Bashing The Oil Industry at Advanced Biofuels Leadership Conference: Offense and Defense in the Game of Whack-a-Mole

by Joanne Ivancic (Advanced Biofuels USA)  Although conference convener, Biofuels Digest's Jim Lane, insisted that he "discouraged industry bashing," the first morning of this 3-day conference was replete with unveiled references to The Oil Industry, Oil Interests, Big Oil and

April 15, 2013 Read Full Article

Colorado to Offer $3.1 Million in Tax Credits for Cool Planet HQ

by Aldo Svaldi (The Denver Post)   Cool Planet Energy Systems took a step closer Friday to a corporate relocation and expansion that could bring nearly 400 jobs to the metro area and place the state at the center of a

April 12, 2013 Read Full Article

25x'25 Alliance Offers Adaptation Recommendations to U.S. Agriculture, Forestry

(25 x '25)  (T)he Adaptation Work Group, a collaboration of agriculture, forestry, business, academic, conservation and government leaders, ... issued a report last week that offers recommendations that will enable the U.S. agriculture and forestry sectors to meet the challenges

April 12, 2013 Read Full Article

AFPM, RFA Trade Charges after Verdict in MTBE Case

by Jordan Godwin  (Platts)  ...(American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers President Charles T.) Drevna responded Wednesday to a New Hampshire verdict earlier that day in a case where ExxonMobil was found negligent for putting MTBE in gasoline without warning the state of its risks.

April 12, 2013 Read Full Article

BIO Comments on EPA’s 2013 Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) Rules

(Biotechnology Industry Organization) The Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO) recently submitted comments to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on the proposed Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives: 2013 Renewable Fuel Standards (RFS). The comments emphasized that continued stable implementation of the RFS provides

April 12, 2013 Read Full Article

Academic Study on Jatropha in Cooperation with the Leuphana University, Lueneburg

(INOCAS)  The production of plant oils based on oil-bearing trees such as Jatropha could provide an alternative pathway to a more sustainable plant oil production in the future. Planting oil-bearing trees can mitigate the effects of deforestation and allow for a

April 12, 2013 Read Full Article

Ductor a Winner of the Red Herring Europe 100 Award

(XS4Green.com)  Ductor, the Finnish biotechnology company specializing in disruptive algae technology, announce today that Red Herring, a global media company, has named Ductor a winner of the Red Herring Europe 100 awards. Ductor’s products and business model will disrupt several traditional

April 12, 2013 Read Full Article

Nation First International Development Asia (NFIDAsia) Signs MoU with Hisham Koh & Associates (HKA) to Facilitate Algal Based Farming Products for Rural Myanmar

(PR.com/Nation First International Development Asia)  Nation First International Development Asia (NFIDAsia) has announced today they have signed an MoU with Hisham Koh & Associates (HKA) to facilitate algal based farming products throughout rural Myanmar. While algae is an exciting profitable source

April 12, 2013 Read Full Article

Lee Enterprises and ICM Forge Alliance

by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com)  Lee Enterprises Consulting has formed of a strategic alliance with ICM, Inc. Recently, ICM developed a proprietary patent-pending Generation 1.5 Integrated Fiber to Cellulosic Ethanol Technology for the production of cellulosic ethanol. ICM’s Director of Sales and Product Management,

April 12, 2013 Read Full Article

Gevo Wins a Judgment in Latest Butamax vs Gevo Dust-Up

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...In Delaware, the United States District Court for the District of Delaware entered a final judgment in favor of Gevo and against Butamax Advanced Biofuels, LLC (Butamax), a 50/50 joint venture between DuPont and BP,

April 12, 2013 Read Full Article

Obama Budget Would End Oil Industry Tax Breaks, Hike Royalites

by Jennifer A. Dlouhy (FuelFix)  In unveiling his $3.8 trillion spending plan for the U.S. government on Wednesday, President Barack Obama revived his longstanding attack on oil industry tax breaks and formally launched a plan to pay for alternative vehicle

April 11, 2013 Read Full Article

Freeze It - A Proposal for Implementing RFS2 through 2015

by Scott Irwin and Darrel Good (FarmDocDaily)  ...Here, we present a proposal for implementing the RFS2 through 2015 that recognizes the constraints implied by the E10 blend wall and will avert the impact of the issues identified in the previous

April 11, 2013 Read Full Article

Industry Reacts to RFS Reform Act Introduced in House

by Holly Jessen (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The ethanol industry reacted swiftly to the so-called RFS Reform Act, legislation introduced April 10 in the U.S. House of Representatives, which they said would gut the renewable fuel standard (RFS). The bill, introduced by

April 11, 2013 Read Full Article

The EIA Publishes Data on E85-Capable Vehicles

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The U.S. Energy Information Administration has published updated data on alternative fuels and vehicles through 2011. The analysis addresses several alternative transportation fuels, including E85, hydrogen, electricity, natural gas and propane. According to the EIA,

April 11, 2013 Read Full Article

Algal Biofuels Pilot Plant Opens in Queensland

(Algae Industry Magazine)  Premier of Queensland, Australia, Campbell Newman, has cut the ribbon on an advanced solar biofuels pilot plant designed to develop microalgae-based systems as a source of clean fuel and animal feeds. The $3.5 million project had the potential,

April 11, 2013 Read Full Article

Double Counting, Half Measures: Advanced Biofuels Will Not Take Off with Existing Support Measures

(ePURE)  The European Renewable Ethanol Industry, ePURE, together with Novozymes, find the double counting mechanism proposed by the European Commission is ineffective to kick-start the deployment of innovative advanced biofuels. Increasing the weighting of advanced biofuels to quadruple counting towards

April 11, 2013 Read Full Article

President’s FY2014 Budget Boosts DOE Vehicle Technology Spending 75% to $575M; $282M for Advanced Biofuels

(EV-olution.org)  President Obama’s FY 2014 budget proposal submitted to Congress provides $28.4 billion in discretionary funds for the Department of Energy, an 8% increase above the 2012 enacted level. Among the direct transportation-related highlights of the department’s budget proposal are $575 million

April 11, 2013 Read Full Article

Crop-Based Biofuels: A Complex Issue

by Sam Fenwick (E2B Pulse)  In this article, E2B explores the benefits of crop-based biofuels to the UK, the potential impact of a recent EU proposal and the wider issues associated with their adoption. In October 2012, the EU Commission published

April 11, 2013 Read Full Article

Versalis Invests $20M in Genomatica, Launches JV for Bio-based Butadiene

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In Italy, Versalis and Genomatica announced the establishment of a technology joint venture for bio-based butadiene from non-food biomass. The resulting process will be licensed across Europe, Asia and Africa by the newly-created joint venture. Versalis —

April 11, 2013 Read Full Article

Neste Oil Uses Tall Oil Pitch; Begins Rainforest Protection Plan

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  Neste Oil has begun using tall oil pitch as a feedstock for renewable diesel production. Neste Oil successfully tested tall oil pitch in commercial refinery operations in March and April and states it is now

April 10, 2013 Read Full Article

Bioheat's 'Proud 2B2' Campaign Awards $30,000 to NYC Charities

(The National Biodiesel Board/Biodiesel Magazine)  Continuing its trend of warming up New York, the National Biodiesel Board announced the winners of its New York City Proud 2B2 Renewable Warmup campaign. To celebrate New York City's adoption of a 2 percent biodiesel

April 10, 2013 Read Full Article

Florida Senate Bill Repealing Ethanol Requirement Rewritten with Only 'Nice Words'

by Bruce Ritchie  (The Florida Current)  A Senate bill that would repeal the 2008 requirement that gasoline in Florida contain about 10 percent ethanol was rewritten on Tuesday to remove the repeal. Bill supporters say the law requirement is a government mandate

April 10, 2013 Read Full Article

Biofuels Digest’s 3-Minute Guide to the EIA Energy Outlook

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Eager to understand the bio investor impact from the EIA Short-Term Energy Outlook – but not crazy about reading 46 pages of dense text and graphics? Our 3-Minute Guide can help. ...We see four key trends. 1. Retail

April 10, 2013 Read Full Article

G-OIL Helps Lindsey Wilson College To Pioneer "Truly Green Campuses"

(G-Oil Green Earth Technologies/PR NewsWire)  Every day is Earth Day at Lindsey Wilson College, a 2,700 student collection of campuses in Kentucky, Ohio, Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia. Looking to become a pioneer in developing truly green campuses, the school's leadership

April 10, 2013 Read Full Article

Biodiesel Use Up 240% in 2011

by Justin Loiseau (Motley Fool)  Alternative and replacement fuels are making moves, according to the most recent data released by the Energy Information Administration on Monday. From 2007 to 2011, traditional fuel use dropped 7.8% to 171 billion gasoline equivalent gallons, while

April 10, 2013 Read Full Article

Propel Fuels Brings Biodiesel, E85 to Fresno

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In California, Propel Fuels has opened another in its chain of transformative Clean Mobility Centers — and the first station in Fresno to offer E85 Flex Fuel and biodiesel, sourced from Central Valley producers including

April 10, 2013 Read Full Article

New EPA Fuel, Emission Standards A Benefit for Ethanol

(Farm Futures)  National Corn Growers Association says more stringent emissions standards create a place for ethanol's higher octane levels to shine ...The tier 3 standards increase the level of stringency with which vehicle emissions are regulated with the goal of decreasing

April 09, 2013 Read Full Article

CME Plans to Introduce Ethanol RINs Contract by End of May

by Mario Parker (Bloomberg)  CME Group Inc. (CME), owner of the world’s largest futures exchange, plans to start a contract for ethanol Renewable Identification Numbers by the end of May amid concern that higher RINs costs will boost gasoline prices. The

April 09, 2013 Read Full Article

Ethanol Industry Seeks Toned-Down Renewable Fuel Goals

by Ben Goad (The Hill E2Wire)  A key industry group is urging the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to ratchet back this year’s volume requirements for biofuel production, arguing the proposed standards are unrealistic. In formal comments submitted Monday, the Renewable Fuels Association (RFA)

April 09, 2013 Read Full Article

Global Biofuels Production Will Reach Nearly 62 Billion Gallons by 2023, Forecasts Navigant Research

(Yahoo!Finance/Navigant Research)  After more than a decade of healthy growth for conventional biofuels like ethanol and biodiesel, the next wave of advanced biofuels is nearing commercialization. The pool of commercially available biomass-derived fuels is expanding to include advanced fuels derived

April 09, 2013 Read Full Article

Biofuels Given a New Lease on Life

by Andre Janse van Vuuren (City Press/Fin24)  Dormant plans to establish a local biofuel sector – earmarked to create up to 50 000 jobs and save the country at least R8.9bn in foreign exchange payments – could be given a

April 09, 2013 Read Full Article

USDA Asks White House to Approve Sugar-for-Ethanol Program

by Charles Abbott (Reuters)  The White House will decide in coming weeks whether to attempt to blunt low prices in the U.S. sugar market by buying hundreds of thousands of tons of surplus sugar and selling it at a loss

April 09, 2013 Read Full Article

Neste Oil Corporation Pledges “No Deforestation”

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Neste Oil, which had been criticized for its sourcing of deforestation-based palm oil, has pledged to shift away from palm oil sourced from primary forests, high conservation value and natural forests, and high carbon stock

April 09, 2013 Read Full Article

A Crash of Algae, Bioterrorism and the Future of Biofuels

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...You’ve probably seen it, in some way, for years — a local pond seems suddenly crowded with algae — or there’s news of a “red tide” blooming at sea — as quickly as it forms,

April 09, 2013 Read Full Article

Fertilizer Production at North Dakota Ethanol Plants Explored

by Mikkel Pates (Prairie Business) Colorado company Agrebon Inc. and North Dakota partners are in discussions with North Dakota’s two largest ethanol plants in Casselton and Hankinson to build small-scale nitrogen fertilizer factories on their campuses. ...Each $20 million fertilizer plant would

April 08, 2013 Read Full Article

EPA Tier 3 Rules Lower Sulfur Content, Assume E15 to Replace E10

by Susanne Retka Schill (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The U.S. EPA has proposed Tier 3 emission standards for cars and gasoline. The new goals for lower sulfur content got the attention in the first days after the release of the proposed

April 08, 2013 Read Full Article

James Cook University Commercializing Algae Research

(Algae Industry Magazine)  Tony Raggatt writes in townsvillebulletin.com that James Cook University, a leading algal research facility located in Townsville, Queensland, Australia, has started to commercialize its research by selling their algae as a feedstock for baby prawns. ...Melbourne-based MBD began

April 08, 2013 Read Full Article

American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers Files Comments on EPA's Unworkable RFS

(American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers/PR Newswire)  The American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers (AFPM) filed formal comments detailing the problems and harmful consequences caused by the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) proposed rule Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives: 2013 Renewable Fuel Standard

April 08, 2013 Read Full Article

DECC: 2012 Was a Record Year for U.K. Ethanol Consumption

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The U.K. Department of Energy & Climate Change recently released an updated set of statistics on energy trends and prices. According to the release, ethanol accounted for 55 percent of the biofuels consumed in

April 08, 2013 Read Full Article

Low Carbon Fuel Standard: Consumer Choice Is Key to California Success

by Matt Horton (Mercury News)  ...Yet at the fuel pump, consumers still have no power. We all know our dependence on fossil fuels weakens our economy and security while threatening our environment. We simply feel powerless to address it because

April 08, 2013 Read Full Article

Not Ready for Slime Time: Algae Present Challenges as Fuel Source

by Emily Pickrell (FuelFix)  On Jan. 1, Congress made algae-based fuel production eligible for a $1.01-per-gallon cellulosic biofuel production federal tax credit. Cellulosic biofuels typically are made from woody, non-food material such as grasses or wood chips, in contrast to ethanol, which

April 08, 2013 Read Full Article

Schneider Looks to Future after Trash-to-Ethanol Plant Plan Runs out of Gas

by Carrie Napoleon  (Post-Tribune)  Town officials say they remain disappointed after the announcement late last month that the local construction consortium trying to bring a proposed trash-to-ethanol plant had scrapped its plans. “It’s a sad situation,” Schneider Town Council President Richard

April 08, 2013 Read Full Article

RFA to House Energy & Commerce Committee: Let RFS Work and Solutions to Blend Wall Will Be Found!

(Renewable Fuels Association)    The Renewable Fuels Association (RFA) today (April 5, 2013)  responded to the questions posed by the U.S. House of Representatives’ Committee on Energy and Commerce in a white paper entitled, “Examining ‘Blend Wall’ Challenges”.  The Committee is

April 08, 2013 Read Full Article

EPA Informs Court of Plan to Reconsider Cellulosic Ethanol Requirement for 2011

by Andrew Childers  (Bloomberg BNA)  The Environmental Protection Agency will voluntarily reconsider the cellulosic ethanol blending requirement for 2011, the agency told a federal appellate court in an April 3 motion (American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers v. EPA, D.C. Cir., No. 12-1249, 4/3/13). It

April 08, 2013 Read Full Article

Abengoa Begins Operating the First Demonstration Plant Using Waste-to-Biofuels Technology

(ENP Newswire/Cogeneration and On-Site Power Production)  Abengoa (MCE: ABG.B), the international company that applies innovative technology solutions for sustainable development in the energy and environment sectors, has started operations at the demonstration plant that uses waste-to-biofuels technology. The plant has a

April 08, 2013 Read Full Article

CPF Leads by Example with Renewable Fuel Projects

(Bangkok Post)  Charoen Pokphand Foods Plc (CPF), the country's biggest food maker and exporter, has stepped up efforts to use more renewable energy from waste discharged from chicken, pig and shrimp operations. Alternative fuel projects consisting of six biomass plants, three

April 08, 2013 Read Full Article

Governor Awards $200K to Hawaii Isle Biofuels Initiative

(Star-Advertiser)  The state has invested $200,000 toward a initiative that seeks to develop an economically sustainable zero-waste conversion project in Hilo that will turn unmarketable papaya into biofuel and high-protein animal feed. Gov. Neil Abercrombie presented a check from the state

April 08, 2013 Read Full Article

Oxygen for High Altitudes: 17 Biofuels Ventures Raise $434M in Equity

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Despite the sluggish economic recovery and questions over policy stability — biofuels ventures have been busy raising lots of capital.   In the past 6 months, $434 million.   Who got what, where, when and why? ...supplemental oxygen,

April 08, 2013 Read Full Article

ePURE Calls for Modeling European Biofuels Policy after the RFS

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  The European Renewable Ethanol Association, ePURE, has released results of a study that determined the double counting mechanism proposed by the European Commission to spur production of advanced biofuels is ineffective. Rather, the organization

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

Big Oil's Big Effort

by  Loretta Sorensen (MidWest Producer) The best way farmers and consumers can weaken the grip of giant oil companies and further reduce U.S. dependence on foreign oil is to start asking their fuel retailer to sell E15. Oil companies are not

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

Biofuels Center Boosts Renewable Fuels Industry in Western NC with $600K Investment

(Biofuels Center of North Carolina)  The Biofuels Center of North Carolina recently awarded $684,058 for six projects to accelerate the renewable fuels industry in western North Carolina. Awards are made through the 2012-2013 targeted biofuels development funding program, entitled Catalyzing Production

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

Cheap Petrobras Gas Hurts Ethanol Investments: Corporate Brazil

by Stephan Nielsen (Bloomberg)  Petroleo Brasileiro SA (PETR4), the state- run oil company, is boosting money-losing gasoline imports at its fastest pace ever, holding down prices for alternative fuels and hindering investments in ethanol. ...President Dilma Rousseff’s policy to fight inflation

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

CHMC Seeks Farmers to Back $20 Million Brazil Corn-Ethanol Plant

by Stephan Nielsen  (Bloomberg)  China National Heavy Machinery Corp., the Beijing-based developer of industrial facilities and warehouses, is asking Brazilian farmers to invest 40 million reais ($20 million) in a corn-ethanol plant that will help diversify their revenue. CHMC, as the

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

Notice of Funding Availability for the Rural Energy for America Program

(US Department of Agriculture/Federal Register)  This Notice of Funding Availability (NOFA) announces the acceptance of applications under the Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) for Fiscal Year 2013 for financial assistance as follows: grants, guaranteed loans, and combined grants and

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

Ethanol Blending Margins, RFS2 Compliance, and the Price of Gasoline

by Scott Irwin and Darrel Good  (FarmDocDaily)  ...We concluded that the buying and selling of RINs within that supply chain results in something close to a zero-sum game in terms of profitability for the industry. The result is that high RINs

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

USDA Accepting Apps for Blender Pump Grants under REAP Program

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In Washington, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is now accepting applications for federal REAP funds to help gasoline retailers install blender pumps designed to give consumers flexibility and choice in the ethanol blends they use.

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

DOE Announces Five-Year Renewal of Funding for Bioenergy Research Centers

(Department of Energy) The U.S. Department of Energy today announced it would fund its three Bioenergy Research Centers for an additional five-year period, subject to continued congressional appropriations. The three Centers—including the BioEnergy Research Center (BESC) led by Oak Ridge

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

SG Biofuels Sees Deal in Southeast Asia or Africa in Six Months

by  Louise Downing (Bloomberg)  SG Biofuels Inc., the green fuel biotech company working with Airbus SAS, is seeking a partner in Southeast Asia or Africa and expects to complete a cooperation deal within 180 days to expand its business into new markets. ...The company

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

BioNitrogen Signs Second Supply Agreement with United Suppliers – Is Urea on the Move?

by Jim Lane (BioBased Digest)  In Florida, BioNitrogen Corp. announced that it has signed a supply agreement with United Suppliers, Inc. for the offtake of urea fertilizer for its planned plants in Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana. United Suppliers is owned by

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

IEA Says Cellulosic Biofuels Capacity Has Tripled since 2010: New Task 39 Global Report

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  The International Energy Agency, through its Task 39 group, has published its 207-page report on the “Status of Advanced Biofuels Demonstration Facilities in 2012″. The report, in its pages, contains detailed project summaries as well as

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

Growing Forward 2 is Good News for Canadian Biofuels

(Canadian Renewable Fuels Association)  Homegrown renewable fuels drive economic growth in rural Canada and are a key part of our Bio-Economy future The Canadian Renewable Fuels Association (CRFA) applauds the official launch of the Growing Forward 2 (GF2) policy framework announced

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

Uganda to Get Quality Biodiesel

by Eriosi Nantaba (AllAfrica.com)  A private Firm African Power Initiative Limited (API) recently announced its plans and commitment to start mass production of bio diesel in Uganda with a capacity of more than 4000 litres. East African Business Week's Eriosi

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

Iowa’s Biodiesel Sales Have Tripled since 2010

by Christopher Doering (Des Moines Register)  The Iowa Renewable Fuels Association said the amount of biodiesel blended into diesel in Iowa has more than tripled from 7.4 million gallons in 2010 to 23.3 million gallons in 2012. The figures, which came from

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

7 Steps to Meeting US Renewable Fuels Targets

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  We go through the renewable fuels math — and find that the nattering nabobs of negativism might have crowed too soon. ...Lately, the nattering nabobs appear to have landed at the American Petroleum Institute — which

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

Is Small-Scale, Distributed Ethanol Production for You?

by Jim Lane (BioInvest Digest)  ...It’s an idea whose time has come, for sure. The opportunity for small-scale production of alcohol fuels in the 20,000 to 500,000 gallon range — using wastes routinely produced (and usually landfilled) by food processing

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine : Bioethanol Production Will Boost the Alcohol and Sugar Industries

(www.4-Traders.com)  This year the Government continues to develop alternative fuel sources, in particular, to increase the production of bioethanol.  It is provided by the State Program of activation of the economic development for 2013-2014. To do this,a number of distilling

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

Tilapia Waste Used for Biodiesel at New Brazillian Plant

(The Fish Site)  Two plants have opened in Jaguaribara and Morada Nova to reduce tilapia waste by converting it into biodiesel. ...Mr Joacir Moreira said that the plants have been set up in order to prevent the environmental problem of fish

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

Genuine Bio Fuel Inc.’s Second Chance Program Proves to Be a Model for Successful Hiring in the Biodiesel Industry

(PR Web/Genuine Bio-Fuel Inc.)  Genuine Bio-Fuel Inc., a privately funded leader in the biodiesel fuel industry, has successfully designed a unique employment program to enrich the Florida’s Indiantown community. Genuine Bio-Fuel Inc., a leading biodiesel producer of Florida, has designed a

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

Maine Company Making Biofuel from Spent Grease

(WCSH6.com)  With a few added chemicals and some serious filtration, Maine Standard Biofuels takes leftover cooking oil from restaurants and creates heating oil for home and biodiesel for cars and trucks. "It can be used in any diesel engine or oil

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

Algenetix Raises $2M in Series A Funding Round, Aims to Boost Algae Oil Accumulation

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In California, Algenetix, an industrial biotech company incubated from the pipeline of Kapyon Ventures has closed $2.0M in Series A-1 funding to further commercialize its PhotoSeed platform. The groundbreaking technology vastly improves oil productivity in microbes

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

Go Wet, Young Friend

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...One of the perplexities of our time: why solar systems are so photon-efficient and so troubled in energy storage; conversely, how biomass systems are so photon-inefficient yet have magnificently dense energy storage options via fats

April 05, 2013 Read Full Article

Ethanol vs. Petroleum – NCGA Adds Facts to the Debate

by Gary Truitt  (Hoosier Ag Today)  Ethanol debates are heating up again on Capitol Hill – so the National Corn Growers Association is comparing the environmental impacts from ethanol and petroleum as transportation fuels. Ethanol – which is primarily made

April 02, 2013 Read Full Article

Popke’s in Rock Rapids, IA Joins the E15 Club

by Joanna Schroeder (DomesticFuel.com)  Popke’s, Inc. in Rock Rapids, Iowa has joined the E15 “club” now joining four other stations in Iowa to sell the 15 percent ethanol, 85 percent gasoline fuel blend. ...Retailers interested in installing a blender pump to offer E15,

April 02, 2013 Read Full Article

DOE Study: RFS Boosts US Economy

by Bob Dinneen (Ethanol Producer Magazine/Renewable Fuels Association)  As Congress and the country debate the renewable fuel standard (RFS), Big Oil and Big Food are flooding the zone with bought-and-paid-for “studies” seeking to discredit American ethanol and the public policies

April 02, 2013 Read Full Article

Biofuels Too Basic to Justify Binding EU 2030 Target: Oettinger

(Platts)  Biofuels are not advanced enough yet to justify a specific binding 2030 EU renewable transport target, EU Energy Commissioner Gunther Oettinger said Wednesday. The EU has a binding 2020 target to source 20% of its final energy demand from renewables.

April 02, 2013 Read Full Article

Low Carbon Fuel Standard Not an Answer

by Amy Harder (National Journal)  As policy makers in Washington DC and across the country confront the costly consequences of mandating renewable fuels, some have suggested a low carbon fuel standard (LCFS) as an alternative. But an LCFS would be

April 02, 2013 Read Full Article

Pacific Ethanol Says Importing Sorghum to Make Biofuel

by Karl Plume (Reuters)  Pacific Ethanol Inc said that it is importing sorghum as well as buying the grain from domestic sources as prices for corn, the primary feedstock for the U.S. ethanol industry, hovered near historic highs. "Both as a

April 02, 2013 Read Full Article

The Hydrogen Problem

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  A numbers of readers responding to “Biofuels from a raging fireball” (Friday’s Top Story, on research work with the raging fireball, Pyrococchus furiosus, to make biofuels and renewable chemicals from hydrogen gas and CO2) raised

April 02, 2013 Read Full Article

Renewables Are Now a Major Contributor to UK Energy

by Robin Whitlock (Renewable Energy Magazine)  ...There was a reduction in the consumption of liquid biofuels available for transport, down to 2.6 percent of UK motor fuel and this needs to be addressed in the policy framework in order for the

April 02, 2013 Read Full Article

USDA, DuPont Pair up on Corn Stover Guidelines

(Associated Press/Quad Cities Times)  U.S. Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack signed an agreement Friday with DuPont that will help establish guidelines for how the company will collect corn-plant residue for a new ethanol plant in central Iowa while maintaining soil quality. DuPont

April 02, 2013 Read Full Article

The Carbon Fix? Think Carbon Suit. ZeaKal Raises $3.8M in Series A Financing

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Crop yield and oil content increases of up to 50% and 34% seen from ZeaKal’s HME technology.  Though in early days — what’s going on? ... A successful Series A is always a good indication that,

April 02, 2013 Read Full Article

Bio-diesel Fuel Company Owner Sentenced to 188 Months in Federal Prison for Crimes Connected to Illegal Fuels Scheme / Jeffrey Gunselman also fined $175,000 and ordered to pay nearly $55 million in restitution

(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)  Jeffrey David Gunselman, 30, was sentenced today by U.S. District Judge Sam R. Cummings to 188 months in federal prison, fined $175,000 and ordered to pay more than $54.9 million in restitution, following his guilty plea

March 29, 2013 Read Full Article

EPA Proposes Achievable Cleaner Fuels and Cars Standard, Slashing Air Pollution and Providing Extensive Health Benefits

(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)  Based on extensive input from auto manufacturers, refiners, and states, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) today proposed sensible standards for cars and gasoline that will significantly reduce harmful pollution, prevent thousands of premature deaths and

March 29, 2013 Read Full Article

Renewed Interest in Grain Sorghum in Nebraska

by Ken Anderson (Browfield Ag News)  A combination of dry weather and increased demand from the ethanol sector could have grain sorghum poised for a comeback in Nebraska. Grain sorghum plantings in the state plummeted from 550-thousand acres in 2000 to just

March 29, 2013 Read Full Article

E85 Sales Plummet 26 Percent in Minnesota

by David Shaffer (Star Tribune)  As the price spread diminished between the high-ethanol gasoline blend and regular fuel, some drivers of Flex Fuel vehicles stopped pumping it into their tanks. Minnesota sales of the high-ethanol gasoline blend called E85 have dropped

March 29, 2013 Read Full Article

Biofuels, Renewables Strongly up Since 2008, Says New EIA Report

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) In Maryland, the “Monthly Energy Review” by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), with data through December 31, 2012 is showing that renewable energy sources and natural gas expanded rapidly during the Obama Administration’s first term while coal,

March 29, 2013 Read Full Article

Congress’s Affair With Ethanol: Love Gone Wrong?

by Bill Chameides (The Green Grok/Duke University)  ...As a libation, ethanol’s been around for a long, long time. As a fuel, it dates back to 1826 when it was first used in an internal combustion engine. Ethanol was also the fuel

March 29, 2013 Read Full Article

WBA: Enough Land for More Food, Feed, Biofuels

by Anna Simet (Biomass Magazine)  There is enough land available to produce more food, more feed and more biofuels, which are not the cause of global malnutrition problems, according to the World Bioenergy Association. WBA makes this declaration in a recently

March 29, 2013 Read Full Article

11 Reasons Why You Should Invest in the Biodiesel Industry

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine/MarketWire)  Below is breakdown of the latest, sourced information as to why investment in biodiesel is a sound decision written by Ron Kotrba, Editor of Biodiesel Magazine. 1. Jump in on a growing market: The U.S. biodiesel industry

March 29, 2013 Read Full Article

A.I.M. Interview: Fermentalg’s CEO Pierre Calleja

(Algae Industry Magazine)  Founded in 2009 by Pierre Calleja, Fermentalg is a French-based industrial biotechnology company specializing in the bio-production of chemical compounds from microalgae, for use in everyday products. Its patented technologies allow the company to target a range

March 28, 2013 Read Full Article

SCS Expands Biofuel Certification Services into Southeast Asia

( SCS Global Services/PR NewsWire)   SCS Global Services has announced the expansion of its biofuel certification services in Southeast Asia. The veteran third-party environmental certification body will now conduct audits under the International Sustainability & Carbon Certification (ISCC) program, which will allow biofuel

March 28, 2013 Read Full Article

The Cutting Edge of Corn Stover and Switchgrass Supply: A Comprehensive Feedstock Solution

(U.S. Department of Energy)  Supplying high-quality feedstock for use in a broad range of sustainable conversion processes to produce advanced biofuels is a complex, multi-step process. Each step in the feedstock supply and logistics chain—from harvesting, preparing, and packaging, to

March 28, 2013 Read Full Article

European Commission Publishes Progress Report on RED

by Erin Voegele (Ethanol Producer Magazine)  On March 27 the European Commission published its first Renewable Energy Progress Report under the Renewable Energy Directive, showing that the EU as a whole is on its trajectory towards the 2020 RED targets.

March 28, 2013 Read Full Article

SDTC's SD Tech Fund™ Is Accepting Proposals for Funding from February 20th to April 17th, 2013

(Sustainable Development Technology Canada)  Between research and commercialization lie the critical stages of development and demonstration: the points at which technologies leave the laboratory and undergo conclusive real-world testing. Traditionally, development and demonstration have suffered from a financing gap, making them

March 28, 2013 Read Full Article

US Refiners May Boost Renewables Spending if RFS Targets Not Lowered: Moody's

by Beth Evans  (Platts)  Ratings agency Moody's expects US refiners to increase investments in renewables blending and infrastructure if federal renewables targets are not lowered. "In the absence of any EPA waivers to meeting the renewable fuel requirements, we expect refiners

March 28, 2013 Read Full Article

Study Shows RINs Not Factor in Higher Gasoline, Fuel Group Says

by Mario Parker (Bloomberg)  A surge in the value of Renewable Identification Numbers for ethanol compliance isn’t one of the reasons for higher gasoline retail prices, the Renewable Fuels Association said, citing a study by Informa Economics Inc. ... “A fact-based

March 28, 2013 Read Full Article

Zimbabwe: Chisumbanje Ethanol Plant Reopens

by Tendai Mugabe (AllAfrica.com)  Green Fuel resumed operations at its ethanol plant here yesterday, raising prospects that the country could soon start the mandatory blending of fuel that has been on the cards for sometime. There was jubilation as workers who

March 28, 2013 Read Full Article

PTT Plans B7 Biodiesel Trial on Buses

(Bangkok Post)  Oil giant aims to prove quality of green fuel. PTT Plc, the national oil conglomerate, will hold a field trial of B7 biodiesel on public buses in Bangkok starting next month, with commercial sales planned soon. Ten No.525 buses of

March 28, 2013 Read Full Article

Consortium Dumps Schneider Trash-to-Ethanol Deal

by Carrie Napoleon (Post-Tribune/Chicago Sun-Times)   The deal to transfer ownership of the long-delayed trash-to-ethanol plant in Schneider has been scrapped. SMC LLC, the local construction consortium established to purchase the technology rights and contract for the proposed project, cited an

March 28, 2013 Read Full Article

Algae Biofuels and the Prisoner’s Dilemma

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  ...As can be seen in the research by Perrine, Negi, and Sayre — a more optimal light distribution strategy is available to algae but they don’t take it, because they find themselves in the Prisoner’s

March 28, 2013 Read Full Article

IMF: Governments Need to End Energy Subsidies

by Howard Schneider (The Washington Post)  Government subsidies of gasoline, electricity and other energy sources amount to about $1.9 trillion a year and should be ended or offset with taxes used to battle climate change and pay for social programs, the International

March 28, 2013 Read Full Article

IMF: Want to Fight Climate Change? Get Rid of $1.9 Trillion in Energy Subsidies.

by Brad Plumer (The Washington Post)  What’s the simplest way to tackle global warming? Make sure that fossil fuels are priced properly and not subsidized. That’s the core idea behind a large new report (pdf) from the International Monetary Fund, which argues that the

March 28, 2013 Read Full Article

Study Finds Technology and Biofuels Will Not Be Enough to Meet Aviation Carbon Targets without Emissions Trading

(GreenAirOnline)  The aviation industry regards market-based measures (MBMs) as a temporary fix in achieving the carbon-neutral growth (CNG) goal from 2020 onwards until the benefits of new technology and operational advances, together with the uptake of sustainable biofuels, are realised.

March 27, 2013 Read Full Article

NASA Project Seeks to Assess Biofuel Environmental Performance at Altitude and Impact on Contrails Formation

(GreenAirOnline)  A team of NASA researchers has begun a programme of flight tests that will compare the environmental impacts from emissions and contrails of a blended fuel containing 50 per cent biofuel against those from conventional jet fuel. The project,

March 27, 2013 Read Full Article

Nobel Prize-Winning US Economists Urge Obama to Support Carbon Pricing in Global Negotiations on Aviation Emissions

(GreenAirOnline)  A group of 32 leading US economists, including eight Nobel Prize winners, have written an open letter to President Obama urging him to advance proposals at ICAO for a global market-based measure that would effectively and efficiently reduce greenhouse

March 27, 2013 Read Full Article

Algae.Tec Using Shipping Containers to Grow Algae

by John Davis (DomesticFuel.com)  ...And some, such as the folks at Algae.Tec, are looking to green shipping containers to grow a literal green feedstock. “What we wanted was a significant bulk outcome, in other words fuels and possibly food, producing the algae

March 27, 2013 Read Full Article

American University to Celebrate Switch to B20 at April 2 Event

by Ron Kotrba (Biodiesel Magazine)  For biodiesel fans in the Washington, D.C., area, American University is the place to be April 2 as the Greater Washington Region Clean Cities Coalition co-hosts an engagement highlighting American University’s switch to B20 in

March 27, 2013 Read Full Article

BioNitrogen to Conduct Feasibility Study for Fertilizer Plant in Alberta, Canada

(BioNitrogen)  BioNitrogen Corporation, a cleantech company that utilizes proprietary technology to build environmentally-friendly plants that convert biomass into urea fertilizer, announced today that it has signed an agreement with the Battle River Agri-Ventures Co-op in Killam, Alberta to conduct feasibility

March 27, 2013 Read Full Article

ACE’s New Infographic Highlights How The RFS Is An American Success Story

(HoosierAgToday)  For the second year in a row the American Coalition for Ethanol (ACE) has created an ‘infographic’ promoting the benefits of the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS). Entitled “An American Success Story,” the new infographic pinpoints how the RFS is

March 27, 2013 Read Full Article

Energy Department Launches New Clean Energy Manufacturing Initiative

(U. S. Department of Energy)  As part of the Obama Administration's commitment to revitalizing America's manufacturing sector, today the Energy Department launched the Clean Energy Manufacturing Initiative (CEMI), a new Department initiative focused on growing American manufacturing of clean energy products and

March 27, 2013 Read Full Article

Automakers Ask Supreme Court to Take up Ethanol Challenge

by David Shephardson (Detroit News)  Major automakers asked the U.S. Supreme Court to hear a challenge to the Environmental Protection Agency's decision to approve a higher blend of ethanol for vehicles from 2001 and newer. The Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers —

March 27, 2013 Read Full Article

DOE Gives Southern Research Institute $925,000 for Bio-Oil Work

by Chris Hanson (Biomass Magazine)  Southern Research Institute won a $925,000 energy award from the U.S. DOE to develop a mild liquefaction process to convert biomass to petroleum refinery-ready bio-oils. “We hope the project will advance liquefaction by demonstrating cost-effective biomass

March 26, 2013 Read Full Article

Ethanol RINs Fall to Lowest Level in March on Slowing Demand

(Platts)  Prices for 2012 and 2013 US ethanol renewable credits, also known as RINs, on Monday fell to their lowest levels in March on slowing demand from obligated parties, sources said. On Monday, 2012 and 2013 ethanol RINs were assessed at

March 26, 2013 Read Full Article

RFS: #1 on Big Oil Hitlist for a Reason

by Brooke Coleman (National Journal/Advanced Ethanol Council)  First, let's assess what we know to be true ... RFS2 is just five years old. We are about one-third of the way through a 15-year commitment to diversify the liquid fuels marketplace with

March 26, 2013 Read Full Article
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involvement/engagement community scale Community Wood Energy Program competition compliance compliance credits compost Compressed Natural Gas (CNG/R-CNG/bioCNG) compression ratios compression-ignition engine computer simulation concrete condensate Congo Congressional Budget Office (CBO) Congressional Review Act Connecticut Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) construction and demolition waste/debris consumer education contamination contest contrails conversion technology Cook Islands cook stoves cooking fuel cooperatives COP21 COP22 COP23 COP24 COP25 COP26 COP27 COP28 COP29 COP30 copper coppice CORCs (CO2 Removal Certificates) cordgrass corn bran Corn cobs corn ethanol corn fiber corn growers corn harvest corn kernel corn meal corn oil corn oil/distillers corn oil (DCO) corn prices corn stalks corn stover corn supply corn surplus corn syrup corn-based products corn/maize Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards corporate social responsibility corrosion corruption CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) cosmetics Costa Rica cotton cotton seed hulls cotton seed oil cotton stalk cottonwood Council on Environmental Quality county cover crops cow rumen cracking Crambe crassulacean acid metabolism plants (CAM) crimes criteria pollutants Croatia crop crop insurance cropland croton crowdfunding crude lignin oil (CLO) crude oil Cruise Ships Cuba cup plant cuphea currency/foreign exchange policy curriculum cusi Customs and Border Protection cutworm caterpillars cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) cylindro Cyprus Czech Republic d D-3 (cellulosic) RINs D-4 (bio-based diesel) RINs d-5 D-5 (advanced biofuel) RINs D-6 (renewable fuel) RINs D-7 RINs (Cellulosic Diesel) D-8 (proposed) RINs D20 (20%DME) D5 (5%DME) dairy waste dandelion DARPA date kernel oil date palm date palm pits date palm waste Dates DDGS (distiller’s dried grains with solubles) dead zone decanol decision-support tool deep water drilling Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Defense Production Act deficit definitions deforestation defossilization Dehydration Delaware DeltaWing demonstration demonstration scale/unit Denmark densify density Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Commerce Department of Defense (DOD) Department of Education Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Health and Human Services Department of Homeland Security Department of Justice Department of Labor Department of the Interior Department of Transportation (DOT) depolymerization depots dextrose dfdsffsfdfsf diatoms diesel Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) diesel fuel blendstock diesel prices Diesel R5 diesel with renewables diesel-range hydrocarbons diesel-to-biodiesel conversion diethyl ether digital Digital Biology diisobutylene (DIB) dilute acid hydrolysis pretreatment DIN 51605 DIN EN 15376 (Ethanol blending component) direct air capture direct injection direct ocean capture Direct Sugar to Hydrocarbon Conversion (DSHC) direct-to-fuel directed evolution dispense distillates distillation distilled biodiesel distilled palm methyl ester (DPME) distilleries distributed/centralized distribution distribution capacity distribution waiver diversification divestment DME/rDME (dimethyl ether)/renewable DME DMF (2.5-dimethylfuran) Dominican Republic double cropping drawdown Drones/Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) drop-in biofuels/hydrocarbons drought drought tolerant drought-resistant dry ice dual cropping dual-fuel/flex fuel ships Dubai duckweed e e-diesel e-LNG (synthetic/electro Liquified Natural Gas) e-methanol e-NG (synthetic natural gas) E. coli E0 E0 price E1 E10 E10 certification fuel E10 price E100 E100 conversion kit E10M90 ethanol/methanol E11 E12 E13 E15 E15 price E15 pumps E2 E20 E20 price E20 pumps E22 E25 E25 pumps E27 E3 E30 E30 capable E30 certification fuel E30 optimized E30 price E30 pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E70 diesel E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency egg shell Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental attributes environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia Eswatini/Swaziland ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance ethanol-fueled aircraft Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/diesel ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate formic acid fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) Intensity giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect Global South global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala Guava Seed guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h hairy vetch Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO (Hydrotreated vegetable oil) HVO100 HVO20 HVO30 Hybrid aircraft hybrid buses hybrid locomotive hybrid ships hybrids hydrocarbon fuels Hydrocarbon-Hydroprocesed Esters and Fatty Acids (HC-HEFA-SPK) hydrodeoxygenation hydrodiesel hydrofaction hydroformylation hydrogen aircraft hydrogen carrier hydrogen combustion engines hydrogen fuel cells hydrogen internal combustion engines hydrogen leaks hydrogen pipeline hydrogen pumps/fueling stations hydrogen tax credit hydrogen terminal Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Hydrogen/Renewable Hydrogen Price hydrogenase hydrogenation hydrogenation-derived renewable diesel (HDRD) hydrogenolysis hydropower Hydroprocessed fermented sugars to synthetic isoparaffins (HFS-SIP) hydroprocessing hydropyrolysis hydrothermal carbonization hydrothermal gasification hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) hydrothermal treatment Hydrotreated renewable diesel (HRD) hydrotreating hydrotreatment hydrous ethanol hypoxia zone Iceland Idaho Illinois Illiois illuppai ILUC (Indirect/Induced Land Use Change) import/export incinerator ash India Indian beech tree Indian grass Indiana indirect effects indirect emissions indirect fuel use change indium Indonesia industrial burners industrial ethanol industrial gases industrial sugars industrial waste industrial waste gases IndyCar infographic Infrastructure inhibitors innovation insecticide/pesticide insects insurance integrated biorefineries integrated food/energy systems intellectual property Inter-American Development Bank inter-crop interactive map intercropping internal combustion engine (ICE) internal combustion engine (ICE)/gasoline engine ban International international balance of payments International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) International Energy Agency (IEA) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) International Sustainability and Carbon Certification model(ISCC) International Trade International Trade Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISB10 isobutanol ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5/NATO F-44 JP-8/NATO F-34 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass 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(LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c low carbon emissions low carbon octane standard (LCOS) Low Emission Vehicle Standards (LEV) low sulfur diesel low sulfur fuel low sulfur marine fuel LSMGO (Low Sulfur Marine Gas Oil) lubricants lumber mill lupin Luxembourg lysis M100 M15 M3 M50 ma macadamia macauba Macedonia machine learning machinery macororo Madagascar magnesium mahua Maine Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali mallees Malta Malyasia mamona management changes mandates mangaba manganese mango mangrove Manitoba mannose manure maple maps marginal land marine algae Marine Corps Marine Diesel Oil (MDO) Marine Fuel Oil Marine Gas Oil (MGO) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel (SMF) price Marine/Maritime Bio and Renewable/Sustainable Fuel Terminal Marine/maritime renewable fuel terminal/bunkering market forces market share marketing markets/sales Mars Marshall Islands Maryland Masdar Institute mass balance standard Massachusetts Master Limited Partnership (MLP) Mauritania Mauritius Mazda meat mechanics training medical waste MEEC membranes mergers and acquisitions mesquite methanation methane leaks methane/biomethane methanization methanol benefits methanol fuel cells methanol hybrid methanol price Methanol-to-Gasoline Methanol-to-Jet (MTJ-SPK) Methanol/Biomethanol/Renewable Methanol methylbutenol Mexico Michelin GreenX Challenge Michigan micro-crop microalgae microbial electrosynthesis microbiology microorganisms/microbes microwave Mid-Atlantic Middle East Midwest mileage military military policy military reserves military specifications military strategic flexibility military strategy military use of biofuels milk permeate millennium fruit millet millettia pinnata milo stover mineralization minerals mining Minn Minnesota miscanthus misfueling missile fuel Mississippi Missouri mixed prarie mobile refinery modeling modular molasses mold Moldova molinia molybdenum MON (Motor Octane Number) Monaco Mongolia mongongo monitoring/measuring reporting verifiction (MRV) Montana Montenegro moose morama Moringa tree Morocco morula motorcycles motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Energy Council National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) 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nitrous oxide (N2O) Niue NO2 noodles nopal North Africa North America North Carolina North Dakota North Korea Northeast Northern Australia northern catalpa Northern Ireland Northern Territory Northwest Territories Norwary Norway Nova Scotia NOx (nitrogen oxides) noxious weeds nuclear Nunavut nut shells nutraceuticals nutrient credit trading nutrient management nutrients nutrition oak oat hulls oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oilcane Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive pomace olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) open fuel standard open pond opportunity zones optimized flex fuel vehicles orange peel orchard grass orchard prunings Oregon organic solar cells Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) osage orange OSHA Overseas Private Investment Corporation overview overview/survey course owa oxygen oxygenate ozone Pakistan Palau palm palm biomass palm fatty acid distillate palm fiber palm fronds palm kernel palm kernel oil palm kernel shell palm oil Palm Oil Methyl Ester (PME) palm oil mill effluent (POME) palm oil prices palm trunk sap palm waste Paludiculture/peatland cultivation Panama pandas panic grass papaya paper Papua Indonesia Papua New Guinea paraffins Paraguay Paris Agreement parity partial waiver particulates pasture land Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) patents pathways Paulownia paulownia tree payments peach shell peaches peak oil peak oil demand peanuts/groundnuts peas pectin peela kaner pellet pellets Pennsylvania pennycress/stinkweed pentane pentanol pentose pequi perennial grains perennial grasses Performance permitting Peru pest-tolerance pesticide-tolerance pests pet food petition petroleum pharmaceuticals phase separation Philippines phosphorus photobioreactor photoelectrocatalysis photoelectrochemical photolysis photosynthesis phragmites pigeon pea pilot pilot scale pine pine beetle pine needles pine nut pineapple Pineapple leaf pinion Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Admin (PHMSA) pipelines Pistacia chinensis PLA plant cell research plant cell walls plant oil plastic plastic-to-jet platinum Plug-in 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Program (REAP) Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative Rural Renewable Energy Pilot Program rushes Russia Russian olive rutabaga Rwanda ry rye Rye grass rye straw s saccharification SAF pipeline SAF10 SAF30 SAF40 SAFc (Sustainable Aviation Fuel certificates) Safer and Affordable Fuel Efficient Vehicles (SAFE) safety safflower sago sago pond weed SAIC sal tree Salicornia salt water salt-tolerant saltbush saltcedar Samoa Sanctions Santa Monica sardine oil Saskatchewan Saudi Arabia sawdust scale up Scandinavia scholarships/fellowships Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) Science Policy scooters Scotland scum sea level rise seaports seashore mallow seawater seaweed cultivation Seaweed/Macroalgae second-generation biofuel income tax credit Section 526 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seed husks seed-to-wheel Senegal Serbia sesame sewage Seychelles shale shale gas shale oil shark oil Shea sheep shellfish shipping shipping containers shipworm siam weed 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