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Argus Launches New B30 Ucome ARA Price

by Hussein Al-Khalisy (Argus Media) Argus has launched B30 Ucome dob ARA range marine biodiesel blend assessments, replacing a calculated fob ARA range blend price. The assessment will comprise 30pc used cooking oil methyl ester (Ucome) and 70pc very-low sulphur fuel oil

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Studies Say Amsterdam’s Schiphol Airport Must Cut Emissions over 30% by 2030 and Cap Demand

by Tony Harrington (GreenAir Online)  New research commissioned by Royal Schiphol Group, which operates Amsterdam’s Schiphol Airport, has concluded it must cut carbon emissions by at least 30% below 2019 levels before 2030 – compared to the national ambition of 9%

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As Decarbonisation Momentum Builds, So Does Biofuel Usage

by John Snyder (Riviera) Based on samples tested in 2023, VPS reports biofuel usage more than doubled year-on-year, reaching 558,000 metric tonnes  --  While biofuels represented less than 1% of the marine fuels tested in 2023, interest in their use is rising

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VPS Publishes Paper on Importance of Testing for Accurate Energy Content of Marine Biofuels

(VPS/Biobased Diesel Daily) VPS announced Jan. 15 that it has carried out significant research across numerous test parameters that enables potentially problematic characteristics of marine biofuels to be measured and controlled. VPS research has shown that by using these test methods, biofuels

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The State of European Carbon Markets and the Upcoming EU ETS II --- March 6, 2024 --- ONLINE

Assessing the Implications of Fluctuating EU and UK Compliance Market Prices in 2024 and Beyond  -- The carbon price of the European Union and United Kingdom compliance markets reached all-time highs in 2023 but 2024 starts out with the respective prices

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LNG – Leading Maritime Decarbonisation

(SEA-LNG) SEA-LNG’s View from the Bridge 2023-24  --  This year’s View from the Bridge 2023-2024 highlights how the shipping industry has advanced along the LNG pathway to decarbonisation in 2023 and outlines the progress anticipated in 2024. Decarbonisation challenge – reality closing in The

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Singapore's Marine Biofuel Demand Could Double by 2025 -TotalEnergies Exec

by Jeslyn Lerh (Reuters/Natural Gas World)  Marine biofuel demand at the world's largest bunker hub Singapore could potentially double by 2025 to almost 1 million metric tons from 2023 levels as shippers seek to cut emissions, a senior TotalEnergies executive said.  --  Marine

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Global: ISCC Certifies Engine X to Trade Sustainable Biofuels

by Ian Taylor (Bunkerspot)  Global bunker trading firm ENGINE X has informed Bunkerspot that it has been certified by the International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC) system to trade sustainable biofuels. In a statement sent to Bunkerspot today (9 January), ENGINE X Supply Manager, Sid Mishra,

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Color Line Switches to Biofuels to Slash Emissions by 85%

by Craig Eason  (Trade Winds News)  Ropax operator switches two of five vessels to locally sourced low-emission fuels  --  Norwegian ropax operator Color Line has spent the past month fuelling two of the company’s high-speed ferries with locally produced biofuel. The Oslo-listed shipping

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Making the Case for Marine Biofuels

by Michael Kass (Oak Ridge National Laboratory/Biodiesel Magazine)  The maritime industry is one of the most important transportation sectors, with more than 80% of all goods shipped via large container or cargo vessels that are powered using residual heavy fuel oil

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Integr8 Achieves ISCC EU Certification to Trade Sustainable Biofuels and Help Shipowners Prove Compliance.

(Integr8)  Integr8 achieves ISCC EU certification to trade sustainable biofuels and help shipowners prove compliance with environmental regulations. Integr8 Fuels has today announced they have been awarded certification from the International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC) scheme for the trading of biofuels.

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Timeline 2024: 28 Sustainability Policies, Guidelines and Targets to Track

by Elsa Wenzel (GreenBiz) ... The business of sustainability continues to evolve rapidly. Here are the most important changes to expect in the coming year. Below are some defining moments that will drive change in the business of sustainability in the

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Vitol Completes Inaugural Biofuel Delivery in the UAE

(Vitol)  Vitol has successfully completed its first biofuel deliveries in Fujairah, demonstrating its ongoing commitment to sustainable fuel solutions. Through its wholly-owned bunker arm, Vitol Bunkers, two vessels received B24 VLSFO on December 8th and 14th. The fuel was sourced from its Fujairah-based refinery

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InfraVia Backed Molgas Becomes Titan’s Strategic Partner, with a Capital Injection for a 45% Stake

(Hellenic Shipping News) Titan Energy Holding, the parent company of Titan Clean Fuels (hereafter Titan) closed a successful funding round for a 45% equity stake with further follow-on rights from Molgas Energy, backed by infrastructure fund investor InfraVia Capital Partners. Molgas

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Mapped: Carbon Pricing Initiatives around the World

(Transport Energy Strategies/Visual Capitalist)  ... Over the past two decades, governments around the world have responded to climate change through various initiatives and policies, with carbon pricing at the forefront. A recent example is the Canadian province of Ontario’s Emissions Performance Standards program, first launched

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Inditex Partners with Maersk to Reduce Its Maritime Transport Emissions

(Maersk) The use of Maersk’s alternative fuels is estimated to reduce GHG footprint by more than 80% compared to conventional fossil fuels - - Inditex, parent company of fashion brands such as Zara and Massimo Dutti, has partnered with the freight group

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The Digest’s 2023 Multi-Slide Guide to Hydrogen & Derivatives

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) This week on the Digest webinar stage, we looked at The Next Chapter for Hydrogen and Derivative; my guests were Muhammed Islam, Clinton Johnson and Blane Vincent, all vice-presidents at S&B. It was, I believe, the

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Wasaline to Trial Biogas on Aurora Botnia One Day per Week

by Rebecca Gibson (Cruise and Ferry) Wasaline is to trial operating its ro-pax ferry Aurora Botnia using certified biogas one day per week between 13 October and the end of December 2023.  Aurora Botnia runs primarily on LNG fuel but will switch

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GeoServe Executes Its 1st Delivery of Marine Biofuel

(GeoServ/Biobased Diesel Daily) GeoServe announced Sept. 4 its first delivery of biofuel-blended bunkers onboard the Scorpio MR Pool Vessel STI Larvotto. The vessel was supplied with B24 marine biofuel, a blend comprising 24 percent biodiesel made from used cooking oil mixed with

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EU Commission Chief Asks G20 to Join Global Carbon Pricing

by Sarita Chaganti Singh, Katya Golubkova, Sakshi Dayal and Shivam Patel (Reuters)  The European Commission president asked G20 leaders on Saturday to join a proposal to set up global carbon pricing. Many countries are using a price on carbon to help meet

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Mapped: Carbon Pricing Initiatives Around the World

by Tammy Klein (Transport Energy Strategies/Visual Capitalist)  Over the past two decades, governments around the world have responded to climate change through various initiatives and policies, with carbon pricing at the forefront. A recent example is the Canadian province of Ontario’s Emissions Performance Standards program,

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UK to Tighten Emissions Trading Scheme from 2024

by Nora Buli (Reuters) The UK emissions trading scheme (ETS) will be reformed next year to tighten limits on carbon dioxide pollution and expanded in 2026 to include new sectors, the relevant authority said on Monday. Introduced in 2021 for an initial

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INTERVIEW: Cargill Kickstarts Maritime Decarbonization with Biofuels, Methanol

by Max Lin (S&P Global) Major trader starts taking 'real' action: shipping head; Bio-bunker program focuses on B24, B30 supplies for now; Pricing gap remains between green and fossil fuels -- US-based agricultural trader Cargill has ramped up a bio-bunkering program for its

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Biofuel Key to Maritime Decarbonization, but Proliferation Challenged by Scarce Supply, Says DNV

(DNV) DNVs latest white paper “Biofuels in shipping” finds that the flexibility of biofuels can enable the shipping industry to accelerate its journey towards decarbonization while maintaining operational efficiency. Current limitations in production capacity, however, may impact short-term supply and

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Fratelli Cosulich Completes Its First Biofuel Supply

by Aida Čučuk (Offshore Energy) Italian maritime transportation group Fratelli Cosulich, in partnership with IPLOM (Piedmont Industry Processing Mineral Oils), has begun producing and supplying its own bio VLSFO to reduce the GHG intensity of marine fuels and meet the EU

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European Parliament Takes Action to Promote the Use of SAF

by Erin Voegele (Biodiesel Magazine)  The European Parliament on April 18 voted 463 to 117 to implement a revision to the European Union’s Emissions Trading System that will phase out free allowances for the aviation sector by 2026 and promote the

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Parliament Approves Core EU Climate Legislation

by Federica Di Sario (Politico) Next, the deal needs to be formally ratified by the Council of the EU. -- ... The revision of the EU's carbon market, known as the Emissions Trading System, includes fully integrating aviation into the mechanism

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Who Is Financing Green Shipping?

by Isabelle Gerretsen (China Dialogue Ocean) The international shipping industry is under pressure to decarbonise rapidly, requiring a huge investment drive and policy push from governments -- The shipping industry must invest in new vessels, fuels and infrastructure to achieve its

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel Offers Flight Path to Net-Zero Air Travel

by Marc Hamy & Nancy Gillis (Green Biz/First Movers Coalition)  It will take long-term, coordinated action from airlines, aircraft manufacturers, fuel producers, airports and governments for zero-emissions flight to really take off. -- ... On Nov. 27, a small piece of

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European Parliament and Council Reach Compromise Agreement on Changes to the Aviation EU ETS

by Christopher Surgenor  (GreenAir Online) The EU’s Council and Parliament have reached a provisional agreement on revisions to the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) rules applying to the aviation sector. A proposal by the Parliament, and backed by environmental groups and major

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The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to GreenStarBCS

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) Green Star BCS provides clients with the technical, market, and economic expertise to thrive as they shift toward a more sustainable economy. We collaborate with clients across the energy and renewable power sectors, providing pragmatic,

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Which Countries Have Put a Price on Carbon?

by Hannah Ritchie and Pablo Rosado (Our World in Data) Putting a price on carbon helps us account for the real costs of fossil fuels in the market. Which countries have a carbon tax or trading system? ... The purpose of setting

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FuelEU Maritime Deal Lets Shipping off the Hook

by Ciarán Cuffe and Jutta Paulus (Greens/EFA/EurActiv) Low targets, few incentives, and a myriad of exemptions have hollowed out the potential of FuelEU Maritime to kickstart the decarbonisation journey of a historically underregulated sector, argue Jutta Paulus and Ciarán Cuffe. ... However,

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Bureau Veritas Lays out Well-to-Wake Approach to Alternative Fuels

(Bureau Veritas) White Paper examines low-carbon marine fuel options and highlights benefits of sustainably produced renewable and low carbon fuels -- Bureau Veritas (BV), a world leader in testing, inspection and certification, has launched a detailed outlook on future maritime

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Shipping Industry Prepares for a Future Powered by Sustainable Fuels

by Isabelle Gerretsen (China Dialogue/Transport Energy Strategies) Experts say the shipping industry will have to decarbonise rapidly to keep global average temperature increases below the critical threshold of 1.5C, and find alternative green fuels to the polluting diesel that currently powers most

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Diplomats Limber up for ‘Fit for 55’ Transport Laws Negotiations

by Sean Goulding Carroll (EURACTIV.com)  ... Aviation -- While clean aircraft powered by electricity and hydrogen remain on the distant horizon, the short-term play to slash aircraft emissions is the roll-out of sustainable aviation fuels (SAF).  Under the “ReFuelEU Aviation” proposal, all aircraft

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Aviation Faces Hurdles to Hit Goals for Cutting Emissions

by David Koenig and Kelvin Chan (Associated Press/Chicago Tribune) ...  Airbus and Boeing, the world’s two biggest aircraft makers, both addressed sustainability during Monday’s opening day at Farnborough, although they approached the issue in different ways. Europe’s Airbus and seven airline

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Commentary: Deconstructing the Roadmaps – What to Expect from Aviation Emissions Reduction Plans

by Nikhil Sachdeva (Roland Berger/GreenAir Online)  ... As one of the world’s biggest emitters of GHGs, the industry and its regulators have long been trying to address its sustainability issues. In recent years, this has increasingly included the publication of

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What Is Carbon Pricing and Why Is It Important?

by Eva Amsen (Neste) Carbon pricing is a tool increasingly used to translate greenhouse gas emissions into a financial cost, and can be used by governments and businesses to help reduce emissions and meet climate goals. There are different pricing

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Fit for 55: Transport MEPs Set Ambitious Targets for Greener Aviation Fuels

(European Parliament)  85% of aviation fuel should be sustainable by 2050; Leave space for electricity and hydrogen to be part of new fuel mix; Create a Sustainable Aviation Fund -- EU aviation should gradually switch to sustainable fuel, such as

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Ship Pollution Is Rising as the U.S. Waits for World Leaders to Act

by Anna Phillips (Washington Post) ...  Customers are pressuring the industry to reduce its carbon footprint, and a small number of shippers are experimenting with alternative fuels such as hydrogen and ammonia. The Danish firm Maersk has ordered a dozen ships

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Achieving the EU’s 2030 Climate Goal for Aviation Will Rely Heavily on Market-Based Measures, says Eurocontrol

by Christopher Surgenor (GreenAir Online)  As part of the climate neutral by 2050 binding target of the European Green Deal, the EU has set an interim goal of cutting emissions by at least 55% by 2030, based on 1990 levels, and

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Berlin Pushes for a €60 Minimum Price on EU Carbon Markets

by Nikolaus J. Kurmayer (EURACTIV.com) Discounting allegations of speculation on the EU carbon market, Berlin is throwing its weight behind a minimum price of €60 per tonne of CO2, saying it will ensure this through national measures if the EU does

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EU Regulators Must Recalibrate ETS Reform to Ensure Shipping Is Green by 2050

(Biofuels International)  The European Parliament’s ENVI Committee adopted its report on the proposal on the revision of the EU Emissions Trading System. The World Shipping Council (WSC) welcomed this crucial step towards the achievement of the goals of the EU Green

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Can ‘Green Corridors’ Tackle Shipping’s Giant Carbon Footprint?

by Isabelle Gerretsen (China Dialogue) At last year’s COP26 climate summit in Glasgow, 22 countries, including the UK, US, Germany and Japan, signed up to the Clydebank Declaration, announcing their intention to establish various zero-emissions shipping routes known as “green corridors”. By

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Regulate Jet Fuel’s Aromatics Content to Reduce Non-CO2 Impacts of Aviation, says Dutch Report

by Christopher Surgenor (GreenAir Online) Although research is ongoing, it is widely accepted aviation’s contribution to global warming goes well beyond that caused by carbon dioxide emissions alone. One of the main non-CO2 impacts is the net warming effect from the

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SCB Group Voted Best Commodity, Energy Broker for 3rd Consecutive Year

(SCB Group/Biobased Diesel Daily)SCB Group, a world-leading, low carbon commodity company, announced April 19 that for the third consecutive year it was voted the Best Overall Commodity Broker and Best Overall Energy Broker in the 2022 Energy Risk Awards by

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EU Biofuels Chain Calls for More Biofuel Use in Decarbonization Plans

by Meghan Sapp (Biofuels Digest)  In Belgium, consequent with the increased ambitions brought by the European Green Deal, and the objective to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, the European Union (EU) ought to ensure that its 2020 energy and climate objectives are

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Parliamentary Committees Respond to European Commission Proposals on EU ETS Changes and SAF Mandates

by Christopher Surgenor (GreenAir Online) Two draft reports on European Commission proposals to amend the Aviation EU ETS directive and introduce a regulation to kickstart large-scale use of sustainable aviation fuels in the EU have been presented to European Parliament

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Monetizing Carbon Reductions: The Digest’s 2022 Multi-Slide Guide to Commodity Plus Carbon

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Take a special look at how to monetize carbon reductions through futures contracts for commodity PLUS carbon. GIC Group CEO Rick Gilmore shared this illuminating slide guide on how monetization opportunities from the sequestration potential

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Shipping’s Energy Transition – The Role of Biofuels and Carbon Offsets

by Marcus Hand (Seatrade Maritime News)  The energy transition for shipping is not just about the fuels themselves, and companies need to broaden their horizons to talk about the carbon footprint on a wider, according to Søren Høll CEO of

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Regulatory and Policy Analysis of Production, Development and Use of Sustainable Aviation Fuels in the United States

Ekrem Korkut and Lara B. Fowler (Frontiers in Energy Research)  The United States, spurred in part by international developments, is expanding its law and policy to incentivize the use of sustainable aviation fuels. While the U.S. has agreed to participate

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EU Green Fuels Talks Slowed by Detail

by Dafydd ab Iago (Argus Media) EU energy ministers will meet this week to try and clear stumbling blocks — notably over targeted levels — in legislation aimed at boosting uptake of renewable fuels, including sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) and maritime

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Increase and Expand Blending Mandate for Sustainable Aviation Fuels

(Aviation Initiative for Renewable Energy in Germany)  The blending mandate proposed by the EU Commission as part of the Fit for 55 package is a key measure to achieving the Paris climate targets. To reduce the climate impact of aviation,

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‘Fit for 55’ and Its Impact on the Biofuels Industry

(Biofuels International) The name ‘Fit for 55’ may have many people scratching their heads – is it an exercise programme, or maybe a breakfast cereal? – but in EU circles it is already part of the common language – shorthand

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The EU Wants a SAF Transition, but at What Cost?

(Biofuels International) On 14 July, as part of the European Green Deal, the EU announced a broad new package of policy proposals which aim to accelerate decarbonisation of the aviation sector. If fully implemented, the measures will have a significant

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Border Carbon Adjustments without Full (or Any) Carbon Pricing

by William Pizer and Erin Campbell (Resources for the Future/Our Energy Policy) Border carbon adjustments (BCAs) are national or possibly multicountry trade measures—typically taxes on imports (and sometimes rebates on exports)—intended to support ambitious national climate mitigation policies. They are meant

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Fit for 55: The EU's Plan for a Green Transition

(European Council)  As part of the European Green Deal, with the European Climate Law, the EU has set itself a binding target of achieving climate neutrality by 2050. This requires current greenhouse gas emission levels to drop substantially in the next decades.

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Commission’s ‘Fit for 55’ Climate Package Proposes Removing European Aviation’s Fuel Tax Exemption

by Christopher Surgenor (GreenAir Online)  ... Because of existing agreements with countries like the United States, ... a zero rate would be applied to aviation advanced biofuels and e-fuels for a limited period to allow production scale up. Airline industry

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EU Carbon Market Will Be Extended to Buildings and Transport, von der Leyen Confirms

(EurActiv/Reuters) Europe will apply its emissions trading scheme to buildings and transport, European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen told a summit of world leaders on Thursday (22 April), setting the stage for the EU’s planned overhaul of its carbon market. The

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UK Aviation Industry Sets New Interim Targets en Route to a Net Zero by 2050 Goal

(GreenAir Online)  The UK’s aviation industry has set new interim decarbonisation targets on its way to a goal of net zero emissions by 2050. The sector’s Sustainable Aviation group, with members from airlines, airports, manufacturers and air navigation service providers, has announced

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Argus Live: Carbon Markets and Regulation --- July 15-16, 2021 --- ONLINE

The leading event for carbon markets and policy analysis -- ETS reforms | EUA price forecasting | US compliance markets | Voluntary carbon credits  --  Global carbon markets are evolving rapidly. In the wake of sweeping new ETS reforms and

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Study Finds FuelEU Maritime May Promote Biofuels, Raising Substantial Enforcement Concerns

(European Community Shipowners' Associations) A recent study on the upcoming FuelEU Maritime proposal finds that a promotion of biofuels may raise serious enforcement concerns, as a mandatory fuel standard is aimed to apply to fuels purchased also outside the EU. This

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Earth Day Series Day 8: The International Regime on Climate Change

by Nathália Fernandes Pimentel* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  International Regime before the Paris Agreement -- On 21st March 1994, The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change entered into force with the ratification of the document by 197 countries. The main goal of

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Commentary: The Global Governance of Aviation’s Emissions – Time to Revisit the ICAO/UNFCCC Relationship

by Chris Lyle (GreenAir Online/Air Transport Economics)  In 1997, the UNFCCC’s COP3 decided, via the Kyoto Protocol, to treat international aviation indirectly through ICAO. CO2 emissions from international aviation have since doubled from 317Mt in 1997 to 641Mt in 2019, to

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Transport Ministers Call for Accelerated EU-Wide Deployment and Mandates for Sustainable Aviation Fuels

(GreenAir Online) Eight European transport ministers have called for a harmonised, long-term strategy to decarbonising the air transport sector to include ramping up the production and supply of sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) through an EU-wide blending mandate. Hosting a high-level virtual

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What’s the Future for SAF: Web Conference Recording and Highlights

by Tammy Klein (Transport Energy Strategies) ... Additional efficiency improvements in planes and engines are not likely to be enough and will require lower carbon fuels also known as sustainable aviation fuels (SAF), as alternative energy vectors, such as hydrogen, will

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UK Opens Consultation on Implementing CORSIA and Policy Options for Interaction with UK ETS DEADLINE: February 28, 2021

(GreenAir Online)  As the UK prepares to adopt ICAO’s CORSIA regulations into domestic law, the Department for Transport (DfT) has opened a consultation on its proposed approach for implementing and administering the monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) of aviation CO2 emissions

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Atlantic Council Analyzes the Potential for a Carbon Trade War

by Nick Silvis* (Advanced Biofuels USA)The world is undergoing drastic climate and ecological changes which will have dire ramifications on all facets of global activity. Critical trade relationships, such as the one between the United States and Europe, are facing

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Petrom Wants to Build a Bioethanol Plant, Investment of 1.2 Billion Lei, Partly with European Money - Sources

by Mihai Nicut (Economica.net (Google Translation) OMV Petrom, the largest energy company in Romania, intends to build a bioethanol plant, partially using European money, according to sources close to the situation. Petrom submitted a project worth 1.2 billion lei to the Ministry

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Airlines Unlikely to Require Significant Amounts of CORSIA Offsets for Six Years, Finds Refinitiv analysis

(GreenAir Online) Only an unlikely very quick aviation sector recovery from the Covid-19 pandemic in the next three years would create any demand for carbon offsets from airlines in the 2021-2023 pilot phase of ICAO’s CORSIA carbon offsetting scheme, finds a

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European Climate Policy and the Bioeconomy – Missed Opportunities or Muddling Through?

by Gerard J. Ostheimer, Douglas L. Faulkner and Philippe Marchand (Biofuels Digest)  ... But as we scan the globe for bio-economy green shoots, we are noticing some interesting – and disconcerting – activity “across the pond”. Today we look to Europe

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Signature Flight Support, Neste, and NetJets Establish Strategic Partnership to Accelerate the adoption of Sustainable Aviation Fuel within Business Aviation

(Signature Flight Support)  This pioneering collaboration combines Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) production and distribution, establishing a permanent supply for private aviation operators at San Francisco and London-Luton. Cognizant of the important and active role that private aviation plays in environmental responsibility, Signature

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VistaJet Announces New Market-Leading Sustainable Biofuel Partnership, Updates on Success of Its Current Sustainability Pledge and Calls for Further Action From Private Aviation Industry

(VistaJet/EIN News) • Introducing new partnership with SkyNRG, pioneer and global leader in sustainable aviation fuel  • Success of its current sustainability plan, which has seen 80% of Members join plan to reduce carbon footprint   • Technology-led optimization, reducing fuel consumption

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Business Trends: The Impact of a Carbon Tax on the European Chemical Industry

Saxton, D., FaÍsca, N.,  (Nexant Energy and Chemicals Advisory/Hydrocarbon Processing) Over the past several years, greenhouses gas (GHG) emissions have become a pressing global issue. Europe is leading global efforts to become climate-neutral by 2050 but may do so at the

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How Will Carbon Credits Drive Energy Transition?

(ADI Analytics) Interest in the energy transition is growing rapidly and investments are following that interest closely as well. In the past year, global oil and gas companies have announced major goals and plans embracing the energy transition and have started

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EU Commission Targets Quotas to Increase Use of SAF

(Biofuels Digest)  The European Union is considering the use quotas to force airlines to use more sustainable aviation fuel as it seeks to reduce carbon emissions. The European Commission said that flights within Europe had climbed every year from 2013-2019 and

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Sustainable Aviation Fuel Guide: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to SAF Coalition’s Fueling the Future

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest) The Business Aviation Coalition for Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF Coalition) released yesterday a new informational guide detailing how industry leaders can incorporate SAF into their operations and accelerate the adoption of low-carbon fuels, while reducing greenhouse

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S&P Global Platts Launches First Sustainable Aviation Fuel Price Assessments in Europe

(S&P Global/PR Newswire)  New Assessments Add Transparency to Opaque Market to Aid Sector's Energy Transition -- S&P Global Platts ("Platts"), the leading independent provider of information and benchmark prices for the commodities and energy markets, today announces the launch of the

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European Commission Invites Feedback on Revisions to the EU ETS ahead of a Public Consultation

(GreenAir Online) The European Commission has opened an eight-week feedback period inviting comments on a revision of the Aviation EU ETS directive in order to implement the international CORSIA scheme consistent with the EU’s 2030 climate objectives and European Green Deal. The Commission

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The EU Kick-Starts a Hydrogen Revolution with Ambitions for Hydrogen-Powered Commercial Aircraft by 2035

(GreenAir Online)  A hydrogen-powered short-range commercial passenger aircraft could be flying within Europe by 2035, finds a major new study commissioned by the EU’s public-private Clean Sky 2 and Fuel Cells & Hydrogen Joint Undertakings. The published report concludes hydrogen propulsion

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UK Government Sets out Plans for Including Aviation in Its Own Emissions Trading Scheme from next year

(GreenAir Online) The UK government has released details on how it intends to incorporate aviation into a UK Emissions Trading System (UK ETS) and link with those of the EU and Switzerland, as well as the global CORSIA offsetting scheme. Following

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Aviation and Fuel Sectors Respond Favourably to Major EU Policy Initiative to Boost Sustainable Aviation Fuels

(GreenAir Online) The European Commission has received a largely enthusiastic response to its new roadmap initiative, ReFuelEU Aviation, aimed at boosting the supply and demand for sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) in the EU. The Commission acknowledges that without EU-level intervention, the demand

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Airline Chiefs Slam European Countries over Green Taxes and Overdue Reform of Inefficient Airspace

(GreenAir Online) Chief executives from Europe’s biggest airlines called for urgent reform and modernisation of European airspace that they said could eliminate around 25 million tonnes of CO2 a year and save €17.4 billion ($19.4bn) in fuel and related socio-economic costs.

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Blockchain, Ag Futures, CPC Potential for Ethanol Industry: The Digest’s 2020 Multi-Slide Guide to Ethanol Commodity Plus Carbon

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  Commodity Plus Carbon, or CPC can maximize monetization opportunities from the sequestration potential in the agricultural sector. CPC offers synergies between regulated ETS traded carbon credits, voluntary and futures commodity markets and offers a new

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Can the European Union’s Kerosene Demand Be Met by the Amount of Biomass Produced in the EU?

(nova-Institute) Regarding climate change and tackling its mitigation there is no question that the aviation industry has to reduce its greenhouse gas impact and has to shift to alternative fuels. If the European Union wants to achieve its ambitious climate

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Why Airlines Should Sell Sustainable Jet Fuels: An Open Letter to the Airline Industry

by Merlin Woodman (Biofuels Digest) Dear airlines, please sell us sustainable aviation fuels (SAF). It’s the only feasible way to green up aviation at the moment.* I’ve cleaned up most of my CO2-emitting activities, but now flying remains as the largest

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New Book: Sustainable Aviation – Greening the Flight Path

(GreenAir Online) This book highlights the latest research in the field of sustainable aviation, covering future developments in carbon emissions reduction, carbon trading and the impact of emerging technologies on aviation, as well as social, legal and regulatory changes as they

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ICAO Council Gathers to Consider Important Decisions on Carbon Offset Eligibility under CORSIA

(GreenAir Online) During its 219th Session starting next week (March 2), ICAO’s governing Council is expected to make important decisions on the global carbon offsetting scheme for international aviation, CORSIA, which starts in 10 months’ time. Most notable is consideration by Council

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Finnair Stops Emissions Credit Scheme and Biofuel Flights after Police Complaint: The National Police Board Advised the Airline that Programmes to Offset Carbon Emissions or Buy Biofuel Are in Breach of the Law.

(News Now Finland) Finnair is stopping its ‘Push for Change’ emissions credit scheme and biofuel flights after a complaint by police. Authorities consider it an illegal fundraising activity because the scheme offers passengers the chance to purchase biofuel or to support a

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Rising Carbon Prices Led to Drop in German Emissions in 2019

by Frank Jordans (Associated Press/Washington Post) Germany’s greenhouse gas emissions fell sharply last year, putting the country’s 2020 climate goal within reach again. A report released Tuesday by the think tank Agora Energiewende found that emissions fell by 6.5% in 2019 compared with

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EU Weighs Tariffs to Enforce Climate Rules

by Kelsey Tamborrino (Politico's Morning Energy) European countries are threatening to impose tariffs on goods from countries like the United States that have failed to match their climate change policies.   ...    A PAGE OUT OF THE TRUMP PROTECTIONIST PLAYBOOK:

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Clean Marine Fuel in 2020: An Opportunity for Biofuel?

by Michael Newman (Parhelion Underwriting Inc./Biofuels Digest) 2018 saw the shipping industry take its first steps towards addressing the challenge of climate change when, at its 72nd session in April, IMO’s Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) adopted an initial strategy to

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The Market for Sustainable Kerosene Needs the Quota

(aireg e.V.)  On the occasion of the international aireg conference on sustainable aviation fuels in Berlin on October 17th and 18th 2019, aireg proposes the introduction of a GHG reduction quota through sustainable aviation fuels. On a global scale, about 70,000

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Climate Change Measures Progress at ICAO Assembly

(Air Transport Action Group) Governments meeting at the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) 40th Assembly in Montreal have supported the prioritisation of work on developing a long-term goal for aviation CO2 emissions, with that work to be completed for presentation at

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Future Markets for Renewable Gases & Hydrogen: What Would Be the Optimal Regulatory Provisions?

by Jose Luis Moraga, Machiel Mulder and Peter Perey  (Centre on Regulation in Europe)  This report explores the economic outlook for renewable gases and hydrogen and proposes a regulatory framework for them. The report first analyses the technologies for the

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EU States Gather to Discuss Imposition of Climate Taxes and Carbon Pricing on European Aviation Sector

(GreenAir Online)  A coalition of EU States came together last week in the Netherlands to discuss how carbon pricing and taxes could be applied to Europe’s air transport sector. At a conference convened by the Dutch government, the country’s finance minister, Menno

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Fulfilling Climate Obligations Will Be Hard but We’re up to the Challenge, Promises Aviation Industry

(GreenAir Online)  Addressing aviation’s impact on climate change and meeting the challenge was a key theme at the industry's recent Global Sustainable Aviation Forum (GSAF) in Montreal. While attention remains focused on ICAO’s CORSIA offsetting scheme delivering carbon neutral growth from 2020, the

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The Pressing Need for a Strategy to Ramp up Ambition on Mitigating Emissions from Aviation

by Chris Lyle (GreenAir Online/Air Transport Economics)  Greenhouse gases from aviation will continue to increase globally despite prevailing mitigation actions, whose effects are well outdistanced by traffic growth. ICAO is in the process of finalising CORSIA, the final link in the

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Cap and Trade, RINs, and the Risks of the Future

by Mike Newman (Parhelion Underwriting/Biofuels Digest)  The best climate policy – environmentally and economically – limits emissions and puts a price on them. Cap and trade is one way to do both. It’s a system designed to reduce pollution in our atmosphere.

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FAA Launches Voluntary MRV Program for US Aircraft Operators Participating in CORSIA

(GreenAir Online) The US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has launched the CORSIA MRV Program for US airplane operators with international flights participating in the ICAO carbon offsetting scheme. According to ICAO, it is mandatory for all operators, regardless of the country they are

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Growing Support among EU Environment Ministers for Applying further Carbon Pricing on Aviation Emissions

(GreenAir Online)  A recent proposal by the Netherlands finance ministry for an EU-wide aviation tax to deal with the sector’s growing emissions has received backing from a Belgian environment minister at a meeting of the Council of European Environment Ministers. The

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Dutch Finance Ministry Argues for EU-Wide Single Aviation Tax to Cover the Sector's Environmental Costs

(GreenAir Online)  The Dutch finance ministry has released a paper suggesting the EU should adopt a Europe-wide aviation tax in response growing emissions from the sector. Such a coordinated approach could prevent a shift in air passengers to neighbouring countries,

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EU Plans 2019 Global Carbon Market Meeting to Determine Trading Rules

by  Siobhan Hall (S&P Global Platts)  Spring meeting in Brussels ahead of COP25 in Chile; Wants rules that ensure real emission reductions; EU to meet its 2030 CO2 cut target with own rules  --  The European Commission wants to help broker an accord on

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State of the Bioeconomy

by Wayne Lee and Mark J Riedy (Lee Enterprises Consulting, Inc. and Kilpatrick Townsend & Stockton LLP/Biofuels Digest) At present, the bioeconomy continues to attract debt and equity interest. VCs, Private Equity Groups and Strategic Partners are providing equity at the

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Setting European Aviation on a Pathway to Decarbonisation by 2050

(GreenAir Online)  A new study, one of the first, examines whether a credible pathway to zero or near zero emissions exists for European aviation. The report, published by Transport & Environment (T&E), looks at flights within and departing Europe thus matching

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Dutch Aviation Sector Presents Government with Action Plan to Reduce Gross Emissions by 35 Per Cent by 2030

(GreenAir Online)  The Dutch civil aviation sector has pledged to reduce its gross carbon emissions originating in the Netherlands by 35 per cent by 2030. This is in addition to airline commitments required under the EU Emissions Trading System and the

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Aviation Industry Says It's on Track and Committed to Start Reporting Carbon Emissions from January

(GreenAir Online)  With just a month to go before airlines and business aircraft operators with international flights must start monitoring and reporting their CO2 emissions under the CORSIA carbon offsetting scheme, the sector says it is firmly on track to meet

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Airlines and NGOs Spell out Differing Positions over CORSIA Implementation and the Future of the Aviation EU ETS

(GreenAir Online)  International airline associations have written a joint open letter to the European Commission urging it to ensure the ICAO proposed rules governing the CORSIA carbon offsetting scheme are adopted uniformly and in their entirety throughout Europe. They also call

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Finnair Study Finds Travelling Public Would Pay Extra to Reduce Environmental Impact of Flights

(GreenAir Online)  According to a consumer research study by Finnair, almost all Finns – 94% – want to reduce the emissions from their air travel and three-quarters are willing to pay extra as part of the ticket price, but want the

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Finns Prefer Biofuels and Carbon Captures as Measures, Want to Directly Impact CO2 Emissions of Flying

by Theodore Koumelis (Travel Daily News)  76% of the respondents were ready to pay more for a flight ticket, or alternatively, pay an additional charge, if the money is used for reducing environmental impacts.  --  According to a study, almost all Finns (94

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CO2 Use Is Slowly Picking up Speed

(Bio-based News/nova-Institut) First semi-commercial facilities, technical advances, but political support still unclear  --  6th Conference on Carbon Dioxides as Feedstock for Fuels, Chemistry and Polymers in Cologne, 15-16 March, showed state of the art technologies, current levels of investment as well as

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EU-Wide Taxes on Jet Fuel and Plane Tickets Could Help Plug Budget Gap and Address Transport Climate Impact, Says T&E

(GreenAir Online)  Taxing jet kerosene and applying a value added tax to plane tickets within Europe could raise €26.5 billion ($32bn) a year that could be used to plug an EU budget gap, reduce labour taxes and help meet climate targets,

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ICAO Opens Consultation with States on Proposed Rules for CORSIA Implementation

(GreenAir Online)  ICAO’s proposed rules for States and aeroplane operators on the administration; monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) of CO2 emissions; carbon offsetting requirements; and emissions units under the CORSIA scheme have been circulated to the UN agency’s 192 member States

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Marketing Sustainability: How Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAFs) Are Planning to Take Flight

By Michael Eggleston* (Advanced Biofuels USA)  Flying in Formation: Since the first test flight almost 10 years ago, there have been over 40,000 commercial flights supported by four international airports supplying SAFs. Michael Gill, Executive Director of the cross-industry Air

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Airbus Exec.: EU ‘Bonus’ for Aviation Biofuels May Be Too Little

by Frédéric Simon (EurActiv)  The European Commission’s proposal to incentivise the production of biofuels for aircraft with a 20% “multiplier” goes in the right direction, says Thierry Nowaczyk from Airbus. The question is whether this is enough to fill the price

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EU Ministers Agree National Climate Goals ahead of U.N. Talks

(Reuters)  EU environment ministers agreed national emissions-reduction targets on Friday in a push to show how the bloc is delivering on its climate goals ahead of United Nations talks next months to fight global warming. ... Hours of talks over reforms to the

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Clash Looms between EU Institutions on How Long to Stop the Clock on Scope of the Aviation EU ETS

(GreenAir Online)  The European Parliament voted by a clear majority today to back proposals from the European Commission to extend the derogation that restricts the scope of the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) to covering flights within the European Economic

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ICAO Negotiations on CORSIA Scheme Challenging, European Climate Chief Tells EU Environment Ministers

(GreenAir Online)  The goal of stabilising rather than reducing emissions from international aviation through the use of international carbon credits fell below EU climate ambitions but the agreement reached at the ICAO Assembly last October on the CORSIA scheme starting

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European Parliament Votes for Reforms to the EU ETS from 2020 that Would Tighten Aviation Emissions Cap

(GreenAir Online) The European Parliament has voted to increase the ambition of the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) for the next phase of the scheme starting in 2021, which includes tightening the emissions cap of the aviation sector. The sector

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Europe Needs a Higher Price on Carbon

(Bloomberg)  Europe’s promise to lower greenhouse-gas emissions looked bright a dozen years ago, when its leaders created the first big market for trading carbon permits. Sadly, though, its system has failed to encourage investment in clean technology and appreciably lower

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European Commission Proposes Intra-European Flights Should Remain Covered by EU ETS Pending ICAO Progress

(GreenAir Online)  ... Since ICAO States agreed at their Assembly in October to implement the phased Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA), debate has centred around what the EU should do with its own scheme both before and

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EU Politicians Say ICAO Carbon Offsetting Scheme Lacks Ambition and Will Push for Reforms to Aviation EU ETS

(GreenAir Online)  The head of the European Parliament delegation to COP22 in Marrakech said action to address growing CO2 emissions by the international aviation and shipping sectors was insufficient and could jeopardise action elsewhere to meet global climate targets. Giovanni

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With Canada and Mexico on Board, Carbon Pricing Could Become a Reality Across North America with Expanded U.S. Action

(Center for American Progress)  Carbon taxes and emissions trading systems, once considered political moonshots in the battle to combat carbon emissions, have found purchase in Canada, Mexico, and parts of the United States, raising the possibility that carbon pricing could

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Opinion: Why ICAO’s Emissions Deal Will Not Make A Difference

by Jens Flottau (Aviation Week)  When the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) announced in early October that its general assembly had reached agreement on the Carbon Offset and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (Corsia), the international aviation community was full

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Can the Aviation Industry Finally Clean up Its Emissions?

by John Vidal (The Guardian)  With biofuel potential limited and emissions rising, the need for industry to act is urgent. Hopes rest on a global UN carbon offset scheme to be negotiated at the ICAO summit this week - but

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The Fight Must Go on to Protect the EU's Right to Continue with Its Own Aviation Emissions Scheme

by Jeff Gazzard (European GreenSkies Alliance/GreenAir Online)  Over the next couple of weeks, the United Nations’ International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) will be holding its 39th Assembly in Montreal. One of the key items up for discussion/agreement/stonewalling (take your pick!)

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Design Features of the EU’s Aviation ETS Should Be Strengthened to Deliver Real Emissions Reductions, Finds T&E Report

(GreenAir Online)  Despite imperfections, the inclusion of aviation into the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) has functioned well and enjoys a high degree of compliance, finds a new report by Transport and Environment (T&E) that analyses performance over the

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The High-Flown Fantasy of Aviation Biofuels

by Almuth Ernsting (Biofuelwatch/The Biomass Monitor)  ...  As far as Branson and his airline, Virgin Atlantic, were concerned, the flight was indeed no more than a stunt: The “biofuel test flight” burned 95% ordinary kerosene and just 5% biofuels, made from

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U.N. Aviation Emissions Pact to Let States Opt out in First Phase: Sources

by  Allison Lampert and Julia Fioretti (Reuters)  A new global deal on curbing aviation emissions will likely give states the right to opt out of its initial voluntary phases, according to sources familiar with the matter, in a concession to

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A4E Calls on Governments to Support the UN’s Global Scheme to Reduce Airline Carbon Emissions

(AviationBenefits.org)  Coinciding with the presentation of the European Commission’s “European Strategy for Low-Emission Mobility”, A4E sets out its priorities on environmental policy. A4E calls on all governments to support the United Nations’ proposed carbon offset scheme to ensure the airline industry

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Brexit: What Does It Mean for the Advanced Bioeconomy?

by Jim Lane (Biofuels Digest)  In the UK, the British people voted to exit the European Union in a historic vote which was announced in the early Friday hours. Following the vote, UK Prime Minister David Cameron said he would

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Volkswagen to Promote Biofuel-Powered Cars ahead of Electric Ones to Tackle Carbon Emissions, New Report Suggests

(Biofuels International)  Car giant Volkswagen (VW) has published a new study and called for the promotion of biofuel-powered cars over electric ones to help tackle carbon emissions. The report, entitled Integrated Fuels and Vehicles Roadmap 2030 and Beyond, and was commissioned

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Biofuels Are Back on the EU Agenda

by Sonja van Renssen (Energy Post)  Biofuels are returning to the political agenda in Europe as EU policymakers start to shape a strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from transport after 2020. Biofuels producers continue to argue that they are

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Aircraft Operators Rack up over $1 Million in UK Penalties for Non-Compliance with EU ETS

(GreenAir Online) Following the civil penalties handed out to five aircraft operators last June (see article), a further 18 operators of corporate or VIP aircraft and two airlines have been issued with penalties for failing to surrender sufficient EU ETS allowances

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Kyoto Protocol's Carbon Credit Scheme ‘Increased Emissions by 600m Tonnes’

by Arthur Neslen (The Guardian)  Major UNFCCC carbon trading scheme hit by serious corruption allegations involving organised crime in Russia and Ukraine -- A key carbon offsetting scheme was so open to abuse that three quarters of its allowances lacked environmental

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Why Airlines Keep Pushing Biofuels: They Have No Choice

by  Jonathan Fahey and Scott Mayerowitz (Associated Press) The number of global fliers is expected to more than double in the next two decades. In order to carry all those extra passengers, airlines are turning to a technology very few can

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U.S. May Take First Step to Curb Airline Emissions This Week: Sources

by Valerie Volcovici (Planet Ark/Reuters)  The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency plans as soon as Friday to determine whether carbon dioxide from aircraft endangers public health, a first step to regulating emissions from the aviation sector, sources familiar with the rulemaking

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Ending International Aviation’s $65 Billion Fuel Tax Exemption an Essential Step towards Decarbonisation

by Andrew Murphy (Transport & Environment (T&E)/GreenAirOnline)  ... The airline industry predicts a massive increase in the use of alternative fuels, although most experts predict an uptake of only a few percentage points in the coming years. More optimistic projections remain purely

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The Challenge of Finding a Legal Vehicle to Enforce Compliance with a Global Aviation Emissions Scheme

(GreenAirOnline)  By agreeing to develop a global market-based mechanism (MBM) for international civil aviation, ICAO’s 38th Assembly has set the expectation that such a scheme will be adopted in 2016 and that it will be operational by 2020. ICAO has

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EU Leaders Slow further Decarbonisation of the Transport Sector from UFOP: Sustainability Certification a Discontinued Model?

(UFOP/Union zur Förderung von Oel- und Proteinpflanzen)  Without a continuation of binding for all Member States targets of greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector, the Union fears for the Promotion of Oil and Protein Plants (UFOP) to phase out

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EU GHG Deal Calls for 27 Percent Renewables by 2030

by Erin Voegele (Biomass Magazine)  On Oct. 24, the European Council issued a statement announcing it has agreed on the 2030 climate and energy policy framework for the European Union. The council has endorsed a binding EU target of at

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Study Finds a Carbon Gap of 220 Million Tonnes in 2023 Will Require Offsetting by the Airline Industry

(GreenAir Online) Even with improvements in aircraft technology, airline efficiencies and operational improvements, together with the introduction of biofuels, there will be a sizeable carbon gap between commercial aviation forecasts and industry targets by 2023, according to a study by consultancy

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Specific actions for the Transport Sector in the EU 2030 Climate and Energy Framework

(EBB-EU.org)   ...(T)he undersigned associations and companies representing all the steps of the EU biofuels chain would like to underline the following points: • The EU transport sector, being largely dependent on fossil fuels and on massive fuel and crude oil

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The Next Government’s Blueprint for Green Energy

(Renewable Energy Association) REA sets out comprehensive manifesto for renewable heat, power and transport The next government will be responsible for the UK succeeding – or failing – in meeting its 2020 renewable energy targets. It could also be the government that

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Critical week for the Aviation EU ETS as MEPs Hear Arguments on which Proposal to Support

(GreenAirOnline)  With a crucial vote in the European Parliament this week, MEPs will be presented with two choices that will likely determine the future of the Aviation EU ETS until at least 2016. As the lead environment committee (ENVI) voted

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Carbon Market Lessons and Global Policy Outlook

by Richard G. Newell, William A. Pizer, Daniel Raimi (Science Magazine)  Prices in the European Union's (EU) Emissions Trading System (EU-ETS) spent 2013 at historic lows. Elected officials have promised to repeal the Australian carbon market. Yet five new regional carbon

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EU Proposal to Unilaterally Regulate International Flights in EU ETS Puts Global Scheme at Risk, Says 'Shocked' IATA

(GreenAir Online)  The proposal by the European Commission to include international aviation in its ETS without any international consultation could re-open the threat of trade wars and distract States from focusing on working together to develop a global market-based climate

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IATA’s Tyler Warns ETS Could Distract From ICAO-Brokered Offsetting Plan

by Jens Flottau  (Aviation Week)  Tony Tyler, Director General and CEO of the International Air Transport Association (IATA), is very concerned that the dispute about which flights will be included in the European Union emissions trading scheme (ETS) will make ICAO-facilitated

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European Commission Proposes Airline Carbon Charge for EU Airspace

by Barbara Lewis (Reuters)  The European Union on Wednesday revived a proposal to charge foreign airlines for emissions over European airspace, drawing the ire of airline groups who say it goes against spirit of a recent global aviation deal and

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pumps E35 E4 E40 E40 conversion kit E40 pumps E5 E5 price E50 E55 E6 E7 E75 E78 E8 E80 E85 E85 conversion kit E85 optimized engines E85 price E85 pumps E90 E92 E95 E97 E98 earthquakes East Africa Eastern Europe economic development Economic Development Administration economic modeling economic policy economics Ecosystems Services Ecuador ED7 (7% ethanol 93% diesel) ED95 education Education Series 3030 educational business private educational tour EERE efficiency Egypt El Salvador Electric aircraft Electric Car/Electric Vehicle (EV) electric car/Electric Vehicle (EV) Prices electric grid electricity electricity price electricity/power generation electricity/power transmission electrocatalysis electrochemical electrochemical cell electrofuels (e-fuels) electrofuels (e-fuels) prices electrolysis electrolytic cation exchange electromethanogenesis (ME) electrons Elephant grass/Napier grass elephants embargo eminent domain emissions emissions standards EN 15751 EN 15940 EN 16709 EN 228 EN 590 EN228 (standard pump gasoline) end user end-of-life Endangered Species Act (ESA) Energy Bill energy cane energy consumption energy crops energy density energy dominance energy grasses energy independence Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) Energy Information Administration (US EIA) energy law energy policy energy prices energy reserves Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI or EROI) energy security Energy Security Trust energy storage enforcement engine Engine Development engine problems Engine/Fuel Co-optimization engineering England enhanced oil recovery (EOR) entrepreneur environment environmental impact study (EIS) environmental justice/socially inclusive environmental policy Environmental Quality Incentive Program (EQIP) Environmentalists Enzymatic enzymatic conversion enzymatic depolymerization enzymatic hydrolysis enzyme production enzyme recycling Enzyme solicitation enzymes EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) EPACT (Energy Policy Act) Equatorial Guinea equipment eRINs/electric pathway Eritrea erosion control EROWI (Energy Return on Water Invested) ESG (Environmental Social Governance) esterification Estonia ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether) etha ethane ethanol ethanol benefits ethanol blend wall ethanol blended diesel ED ethanol blends/ethanol flex fuels ethanol emissions ethanol ether diesel fuel ethanol fire ethanol fuel cells ethanol hybrid ethanol pipeline ethanol prices ethanol production ethanol pumps ethanol tax ethanol terminal ethanol to gas ethanol tolerance Ethanol-to-Gasoline (ETG) ethanol/bioethanol ethanol/methanol synthesis ethanol2G Ethiopia Ethiopian mustard ethyl levulinate (EL) ethylbenzene ethylene ets eucalyptus Euglena European Emissions Trading System (ETS) European Union (EU) eutrophication executive order executive order--state externalities extremophiles f F Factor F-24 F-34 F-76 (Marine Diesel) F-T FAEE FAEE (fatty acid ethyl esters) Fair trade False Claims Act FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) Farm Bill Farm Bureau farm equipment farm policy Farm to Fleet Farm to Fly farmers farming farnesane farnesene Fats fecal sludge Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) federal land Federal Railroad Administration Federal Reserve Bank Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Federal Transit Administration (FTA) feed Feed In Tariffs (FIT) feed prices Feedstock Flexibility Program for Bioenergy Producers feedstock logistics feedstock material feedstock prices feedstock storage feedstock terminal feedstock transportation Feedstocks fermentation ferry fertilizer fiber Fiji Financing Finland Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SKA) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (FT-SPK) Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene with Aromatics (FT-SPK/A) Fischer-Tropsch/FT fish feed fish oil fish waste fit for purpose Fixed Base Operator (FBO) flameleaf sumac flavors flax fleet turnover Fleets fleshings flex-fuel vehicles (FFV) flight tests Flightpath flixweed/tansy/herb-Sophia flood-prone soil Florida flue gas FOG (Fats/Oils/Grease) follow-the-crop food Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) food and fuel food policy food prices food processing waste food safety food security food vs biomaterials/bioplastics food vs fuel food waste for forage forage sorghum forecasts foreign oil Foreign Policy forest Forest Biomass for Energy forest biotechnology forest residue/waste Forest resources Forest Service forestry forklifts Formate fossil carbon fossil fuel Frace fracking fractionation fragrance France franchise fraud free fatty acids (FFA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) freight/cargo French French Guiana fructose fruit FT-SKA fuel fuel additives fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) fuel cells fuel economy fuel efficiency fuel injection fuel mixtures fuel molecules fuel oil fuel performance fuel prices Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) fuel registration Fuel Retailers fuel testing fuel transportation fuel use fuel wholesaler fully burdened cost fund funding fungus/fungi Furanics furfural fusel oils Future Farmers of America (FFA) Gabon gallium Gambia games gas prices gas tax/highway user fee gas-to-liquid (GTL) gasification gasoline gasoline baseline gasoline consumption gasoline mandate gasoline markets gasoline price gasoline-range hydrocarbons Gemany General Services Administration general waiver authority generators genetically engineered yeast cells genetically enhanced microbes genetically modified organism (GMO) genome Georgia Georgia (country) geothermal German Germany Gerrmany Ghana GHG (Greenhouse Gas Emissions) giant cane giant kelp Giant King Grass Giant Reed/Arundo GIS glass tubing gliricidia sepium global rebound effect global warming global warming potential glucose glycerin glycerin standards glycerol goats gorse Governance practices) Government Accountability Office (GAO) government investment government resources government subsidies grain sorghum/milo grain speculators grains GRAND-AM grants grants-local grants-state grapefruit grapes graphene graphite GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Grasses grasses grasshoppers grease Great Green Fleet Great Lakes Greece green bonds green chemistry Green Deal EU green economy green house facility Green Jobs Green New Deal Green Racing Green Recovery green/black economy Greenland GREET Greenhouse Gases Regulated Emissions and Energy Use in Transportation Model Grenada gribble growers gua beans Guam guar Guatemala guayule Guerbet reaction Guinea Guinea Bissau Gulf states gulmohar Gumweed (grindelia squarosa) Guyana GWP gypsum h Haiti Halophytes harvest site processing harvesting Hawai'i hay hazardous waste hazelnut HBIIP Higher Blends Infrastructure Incentive Program HDCJ HDO-SAK (hydro deoxygenated synthetic aromatic kerosene) health health benefits health effects heat of combustion heat of vaporization heat-tolerance heather heating oil/fuel Heavy Duty Truck Rule heavy duty vehicles (HDV) hedging HEFA (Hydro-processed esters and fatty acids) HEFA50 helicopters hemicellulace enzymes hemicellulose hemicellulosic sugars Hemp hemp oil hemp seed herb hexanol HFO (Heavy Residual Fuel Oil) hibiscus high blend renewable fuels (HBRF) High Hydrogen Content Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (HHC-SPK) High Octane Fuel (HOF) High Octane Fuel Standard High Octane Gasoline (HOG) high octane low carbon (HOLC) fuel High Octane Vehicles (HOV) high performance regular high school project high sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) high-octane/low-carbon (HOLC) liquid fuels Highway Bill highway rights-of-way Highway Trust Fund history hog farmers hombayniya homogeneous-charge compression-ignition Honduras honey locust Hong Kong Honge tree nuts hops horticulture Housing and Urban Development (HUD) HPF (High Performance Fuels) HRJ (Hydrotreated Renewable Jet) human rights Hungary Hurricane Sandy HVO 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Administration International Trade Commission Internships inulin invasive species Investing investment tax credit Invvesting ionic liquids Iowa IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Iran Iraq Ireland iridium iron iron oxide IRS (Internal Revenue Service) IS 1460 ISO 8217 (marine distillate fuel standard) ISO 9000 isobutanol isobutanol price isobutanol pump price isobutene isobutylene isomerisation isooctane isooctene isopropanol Israel Italy Ivory Coast JAA jackfruit Jamaica jamelão Japan jatobá Jatropha Jersey Jerusalem artichoke jet jet A Jet A-1 jet B Jetfuel (Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)) Jimmy Carter Jobs Joint Office of Energy and Transportation jojoba Jordan JP-10 JP-4 JP-5 JP-8 juniper Just A MInute Just Transition jute K-12 Education Kabakanjagala kalanchoe kamani Kans grass Kansas Karanja Kazakhstan kelp Kemiri Sunan kenaf Kentucky Kenya kerosene ketones kinggrass Kiribati knotweed Knowledge Discovery Framework Korea Kosovo kudzu kukui nut kulpa kusum Kuwait Kygryzstan labels labor policy Labrador lactic acid lactose Lake County lamp oil land ownership land prices land rights land subsidence land tenure land transfer land use land use change land use policy landfill methane Landfills landscape Laos Latin America Latvia LCFS (Low Carbon Fuel Standard) lead Leadtree leaf ant Lebanon lecithin legislation Legislation-Federal Legislation-State lemna lend-lease Lesotho lesquerella leucaena levulinic acid Liberia Libya licensing lichens life cycle analysis (LCA) light rail lignin Lignin Ethanol Oil (LEO) Lignocellulosic Biofuel lignocellulosic sugars lime Lipid liquefaction liquid liquid petroleum gas (LPG) liquid transportation fuels liquidation Liquified Biogas (LBG) Liquified Biogas (LBG) pumps liquified biomethane (LBM) Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) lithium Lithuania litigation Litigation-Federal Litigation-State livestock loan guarantees loans lobbying loblolly pine locomotives lodgepole pine logistics long-term contracts Louis Louisiana low c 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motors MOVES (motor vehicle emissions simulator) modeling system MOVES2014 MOVES3 (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator model) Mozambique MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) multi-fuel municipal/city mushroom mushroom substrate mustard seed mvr Myanmar n-butanol n-butene nahar Namibia nano nano particles nanocatalysts nanocellulose nanomaterials naphtha/bionaphtha/renewable naphtha naphthene NASCAR National Academies of Science National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Environmental Policy Act National Guard National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Oilheat Research Alliance National Park Service National Research Council National Science Foundation (NSF) national security National Security Council National Transportation Safety Board National Transportation 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oat straw oats Obligated Parties/Point of Obligation (PoO) ocean-based energy Oceania octane octane price/value octanol Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Science and Technology Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) Office of Science Technology and Policy (OSTP) Offices of Inspector Generals offtake agreements Ohio oil oil embargo oil exploration oil monopoly oil p oil price parity oil prices oil production oil refineries oil replacement oil sands oil seed oil seed crops oil speculators oil spill oil subsidies oil taxes oil/gas terminals Oils Oklahoma olefins oligomerization olive cake olive oil olive pits olive water olives Oman Omega-3s on-farm algae production on-farm ammonia production on-farm biodiesel on-farm ethanol production on-farm natural gas production on-farm processing on-site hydrogen production one p one pound waiver onion waste online courses Ontaio Ontario OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum 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